How beautiful to decorate a greenhouse. Unusual greenhouses. We improve energy efficiency. great greenhouse ideas for your backyard

Greenhouses in your summer cottage are a great opportunity to grow vegetables that do not survive in your climate. Building a greenhouse with your own hands in the backyard of your site or in the garden will help you grow and harvest a wonderful crop of vegetables and herbs.

A greenhouse creates a space where you can grow your favorite vegetables all year round. The greenhouse environment remains warm and stable. The greenhouse can be linked to your house for easy access to the greenhouse. Greenhouses can be located away from home, like a free-standing building in a garden. But there are pros and cons of arranging such a greenhouse, which we will tell you about.

If you decide to build a greenhouse with your own hands and want to be able to get from home to the greenhouse, then this option will be one of the cheapest. One of the walls of the house will serve as a support, which will reduce the cost of building a greenhouse. The only downside to this is that the sunlight in the greenhouse is limited given the fact that there are only three greenhouse walls instead of four.

Freestanding greenhouses are great because they can be installed anywhere on your property, taking advantage of the location of the greenhouse for maximum access to sunlight. But such a greenhouse design usually costs a little more than a greenhouse option that uses one of the walls of the house.

winter greenhouse

The option of building a winter greenhouse is suitable for those who want to harvest their own vegetables or herbs all year round. This is a great and interesting idea for vegetarians, as well as for those who want to grow Bio products on their site.

The cost of building a winter greenhouse can be quite expensive. There are various options for building a winter greenhouse, but it must always be remembered that a winter greenhouse requires maintaining a temperature favorable for the growth of vegetables, as well as heating in the winter. Also, it must be remembered that the greenhouse requires constant care.

Before you build a greenhouse, you need to carefully consider its location and size. Often, after building a greenhouse, there comes an understanding that more space is required inside the greenhouse than you planned. An important factor during the construction of a greenhouse is the quality of its glazing. Greenhouse glazing affects not only the quality of its operation and yield, but also appearance. Below we consider the main types of greenhouses.

Glass greenhouse

A glass greenhouse is the best and most expensive option for greenhouse glazing. Glass is a traditional material in the construction of greenhouses.

Polyethylene film greenhouse

Another way of glazing is plastic film if you want to make a greenhouse with your own hands. Polyethylene is the cheapest option, but also the least durable. If you are building a winter greenhouse, then using plastic wrap is not recommended.

Polycarbonate greenhouse

Polycarbonate is a less expensive and more durable material for greenhouse construction; a polycarbonate greenhouse will look stylish and modern. This material will be more expensive than polyethylene. Polycarbonate is more durable than plastic film and retains heat quite well, and is also an alternative and less expensive option for greenhouse glazing. Making a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands is easy, as this material is easy to use and weighs little, unlike glass.

Frameworks for greenhouses and greenhouses

Another important component for the construction of your greenhouse is its frame. Consider the most commonly used materials - aluminum, galvanized steel and wood.

Wood is classic and durable building material. Aluminum is a lightweight and waterproof material that can be used to build a greenhouse.

Galvanized steel is a stronger material than aluminum, so a galvanized greenhouse frame will be the most durable. This design can withstand heavy loads, resists wind well, and ensures that your greenhouse can be used in a variety of environmental conditions.

Buy a greenhouse or a ready-made greenhouse

The cheapest and easiest option for building a greenhouse is to buy a ready-made option. This type of greenhouse is easy to assemble and is suitable for use in the country in the summer. You can find various models and options for small greenhouses. You can buy a greenhouse at a low price from 5,000 rubles. The cost of a greenhouse will depend on its material and size. These small greenhouses have a simple metal frame and a plastic or polycarbonate cover.

Also, you can buy a greenhouse at a more expensive price. The frame of such a greenhouse will be made of more durable material, and the cost can vary from 20,000 rubles. More expensive greenhouse models come with additional features such as anti-fogging systems and self-opening windows, as well as shading covers. You can buy a greenhouse for a summer cottage in a specialized store or order it in an online store.

If you are looking for something more individual, then you can order a greenhouse from professionals. The advantage of this option will be a specially designed greenhouse for your needs and requirements. A custom greenhouse can be equipped with electricity, heating and everything necessary for growing vegetables and plants. Buying a greenhouse or ordering to order will not be a cheap pleasure. The cost of a custom-made greenhouse can vary from 700,000 to 3,500,000 rubles.

23 great greenhouse ideas for your backyard

This is a small stand-alone greenhouse without a foundation, an excellent greenhouse option for a small garden or summer cottage, which does not take up much space.

Greenhouse with foundation and glazing. This greenhouse is large enough that you can enjoy plants or grow your favorite vegetables all year round.

This is a small, detached greenhouse, installed on stone slabs in the yard. This is the perfect small greenhouse for gardening. In it, you can easily extend the summer season to grow vegetables or plants. Polycarbonate greenhouses - photo.

Here we see a beautiful and unusual white greenhouse that looks like a miniature flower greenhouse. This greenhouse shows us that you can turn an ordinary greenhouse into a fabulous house to decorate your backyard.

This greenhouse has a solid base-foundation, also, a cellar is located in its basement. The greenhouse is covered with glass, and wood is used for the frame. This greenhouse was built to grow plants and is used as a greenhouse for flowers.

Here are simple double door greenhouse options. This greenhouse is a great place where you can grow vegetables or flowers throughout the summer season. Polycarbonate greenhouses - photo.

Polycarbonate greenhouses - photo.

This is a small but beautiful greenhouse in the middle of the garden. It has sliding doors, additional vents and a stone foundation. The colorful frame makes this greenhouse elegant and stylish.

The simple design of this greenhouse allows crops to be grown throughout the season. Its high ceiling allows you to grow tomatoes in pots.

Standing separately polycarbonate greenhouse, has a solid brick base, as well as self-opening windows for ventilation. Polycarbonate greenhouses - photo.

The large house-like greenhouse has a stone base and is completely covered in glass. In such a greenhouse, you can grow vegetables and flowers all year round with the presence of heating.

Buy a greenhouse for growing vegetables such as in the photo, you can in a specialized store. In such a greenhouse, you can grow tomatoes and cucumbers all holiday season. Polycarbonate greenhouses - photo.

A greenhouse with flower shelves is well suited for growing ornamental plants. With such a broken greenhouse roof structure, you don’t have to worry that the plants can grow up and rest against the ceiling, just swap the flower pots.

A beautiful flower greenhouse with a solid foundation and aluminum structure is surrounded by a beautiful landscape and is a real decoration of the countryside. Polycarbonate greenhouses - photo.

A custom-made greenhouse looks unusual and fits perfectly into landscape design suburban area. This greenhouse has an interesting, angled roof, which allows maximum use of the interior space and the plants receive the optimal amount of light.

One of the walls of this greenhouse is the wall of the house, which made it possible to avoid additional expenses during construction. The roof structure can be covered with any material when the sun is very hot.

This large greenhouse has double doors and enough space for all kinds of plants. A good greenhouse option if you have a large summer cottage.

The interior of a spacious greenhouse shows how the space in a large greenhouse can be used. Its height allows even trees to be placed in it.

A large and spacious polycarbonate greenhouse with a polyhedral roof structure. Polycarbonate greenhouses - photo.

The arrangement of greenhouses inside is a very important stage in the life of a novice gardener. It depends on how comfortable it will be to grow plants and care for them. And the state of the herbs themselves, flowers and seedlings also largely depends on how the right microclimate is created in the room.

Features and types

A greenhouse is a space in which they grow plants or prepare them for transplanting into full-fledged beds. It can be either very compact or large, depending on the needs of gardeners and the size of the site. Inside such a room, a certain temperature, humidity, and so on must be maintained. Various planning tricks make it possible to combine several types of plants in one room at once and make the most of the available space.

Greenhouses can be different, their varieties depend on the features of the internal arrangement. In some of them there are beds, in others - shelving, and in others - full-fledged greenhouses. In addition, they are distinguished by the presence of various technological innovations and additional equipment. In some buildings they manage with a minimum, in others, on the contrary, they try to install something new and modern, which will facilitate the process of growing plants.

Sizes and shapes: choice

Depending on the budget used and the amount of free space, you can make both compact greenhouses and spacious ones.

• Most often, small greenhouses are chosen. They do not take up much space and at the same time allow you to grow everything you need. A compact polycarbonate greenhouse is the most popular option. In order to fit everything you need in a building measuring 3x6 or 3 by 8 meters, you can use options that save free space and budget. For example, replace full-fledged beds with containers, or even with hydroponics.
• Large greenhouses are chosen mainly by those who grow seedlings or flowers for sale. In this case, the more free space, greenhouses and beds, the better. You can make different drawings, planning full-fledged automatic irrigation schemes so that you have to spend less free time in the greenhouse.

Device

Do-it-yourself greenhouse equipment is not such a difficult task. To equip a place for growing plants, you need to make sure that the room always has clean and sufficiently humid air, as well as that the heating and water supply systems work well.

Heating

First of all, in order for the room where the plants are grown to be constantly warm, you need to take care of additional heating. This is a guarantee that the seedlings can be started growing in early spring, and they will not freeze. The heating system depends entirely on the dimensions of the greenhouse. But the most important thing is that it should be full-fledged, not local. After all, such a system is not able to completely warm the entire room.

The second important point is that heat must certainly go from bottom to top., and not vice versa. There are three heating options that can be used in a greenhouse: gas, solid fuel and electric.

If possible, you can turn to innovative methods of heating. Among these, it is worth highlighting the heating of the soil directly. This contributes to the rapid growth and maturation of everything growing in the ground. It is quite possible to carry out such a system in your greenhouse. Heating is by cable.

Before laying it, you need to lay polystyrene foam or other means of thermal insulation, which is characterized by increased moisture resistance. From above, you can lay a layer of sand, in which the cable is hidden. A protective mesh and a layer of soil are placed on top of it.

You can install a water radiator heating system. Infrared heaters are also quite popular. In addition, they are also able to illuminate the room. Usage infrared heaters It is considered very advantageous also because with their help it is possible to divide the space into several separate temperature zones.

A gas heating system is also considered profitable. Especially if it is possible to connect the greenhouse to the home heating system. You can also install a burner in the greenhouse or automatic system heating with a small boiler. And in order for all the efforts spent on heating not to be in vain, you need to additionally insulate the place for growing plants.

Ventilation

It is also important to consider the ventilation system. The correct temperature regime is created with the help of ventilation frames. In addition, you can add a special fan to the room. Its installation will not only solve the problem of temperature control, but will also make it possible to distribute heat throughout the room. This type of fan is installed on the roof. Due to this, fresh air enters the greenhouse.

At the same time, when installing ventilation, everything must be done so that during the cold season the cooled air does not penetrate into the room. And, therefore, there should not be problems with thermal insulation either.

Water supply

A very important role in the arrangement of the greenhouse is played by the correct level of humidity in the room. This depends on the condition of the plants. The fact is that if there is an insufficient level of humidity in the room, the plants will dry out. But an excess of moisture is also not very good. In such an environment, the root system of the plant develops more slowly, the harvest is also not very encouraging.

So that the watering process does not take much time, and each plant receives as much moisture as it needs, it is necessary to equip the correct water supply system inside the greenhouse.

• The supply water must always be only room temperature. Too cold water damages the roots. They quickly rot in such an environment. Also, drops should not be allowed to fall on the trunks of plants and their leaves. Some sensitive plants are harmed.
• Plants should be watered regularly. It is better to do this in the evenings and mornings. As for the amount of water used, it all depends on how deep the root system of the plants is. The deeper it is, the more water is required. In general, the approximate water consumption is ten or twelve liters per square meter.

There are three main ways to supply water to greenhouses: drip, irrigation and subsoil. From surface irrigation should be abandoned. From this, the humidity inside rises to an undesirable level, and it becomes more difficult to control the flow of water.

A drip feed system is much more efficient. In this case, less water is consumed, and it becomes much easier to automate this process. But the most convenient option is, of course, subsurface irrigation. For such irrigation, you will need to lay a special pipe with numerous holes under the ground. It is through it that watering will be carried out.

This method of supplying water is good because it goes directly to the roots. It turns out that the life-giving moisture immediately gets where it is needed and does not evaporate along the way. True, this method of watering is more suitable for large greenhouses with beds, but not for small rooms where seedlings are grown in pots standing on racks.

Special attention deserves such an option as laying capillary mats. They can replace traditional irrigation methods. True, such modern way requires significant financial investment.

The capillary mat is a dense synthetic felt. It easily absorbs water. On the surface of such a mat are pots with plants. They release moisture very slowly. The surface of the capillary mat is covered with a special porous film to protect the felt layer from contamination and damage.

Such material very well not only absorbs moisture, but also gives it away. Under the mat, you can put ordinary pallets. They are installed on bricks, covered with slate sheets, and then with a layer of plastic film. A capillary mat is laid on top. In no case should its edges protrude beyond the edges of the film, and the mat itself must be securely attached to the rails.

When the capillary mat is laid, you can proceed to saturate it with water. This should be done exactly until the moment when water starts to come out of the felt when pressed. Do not allow puddles to form on the surface of the mat. If this has already happened, then you need to drive off the water.

Paths and beds: how to arrange and what to make?

If it is planned to arrange the beds with paths in the greenhouse, and not the installation of shelving, then the arrangement of the space must be taken with the utmost responsibility. It is not at all difficult to transfer pots or tubs from rack to rack, but it is difficult to redo the beds.

layout

This process depends on what crops will be grown and what technologies will be used for this. But in general standard sizes beds should not exceed 1.2 meters. If you do more, it will be difficult to care for them. And in the future it will not be possible to reach the plants and pluck something necessary.

In one compact greenhouse, you can equip about three beds. The passage between them should be a little less than a meter.

As a rule, in a greenhouse one passage is made very narrow, and the second is wider. In some cases, small transverse transitions are made on the beds themselves. To do this, it is not even necessary to lay full-fledged paths - you can simply lay the boards on the ground.

Plant arrangement

It is very important to properly arrange the plants so that they are in their places and can develop as well as possible. So, for example, all heat-loving plants should be placed on the sunny side. It can be, for example, tomatoes or different flowers that reach for the sun. Cucumbers, in turn, can be placed in the west. The main thing is that enough food is provided for their cultivation. high level humidity.

Tracks

The main requirement for the tracks is that they are not slippery and respond normally to an increased level of humidity. For the design of paths in greenhouses, as a rule, materials such as brick, concrete, paving slabs or blocks are used. You can also make the coating less rigid. In this case, materials such as pebbles or sand are used. True, they can stick to the sole, which is very inconvenient.

Relevant and such an option as concrete pouring. Paths made in this way can also be further decorated. To do this, small stones or pieces of tiles are used, which are pressed into the surface of the coating. You can also overlay the path around the edges with materials such as clinker bricks, paving stones or the same pebbles.

Separately, it is worth noting the tracks with filler. In this case, a layer of grass or even manure is laid, on top of which concrete is poured. Such a track turns out to be quite strong. Along the edges, it can be supplemented with sides.

Often the sides are made of natural wood. But it's not the best the best way. The fact is that wood, as a rule, is enough for only one season. Over time, the tree rots from the inside, especially in conditions where humidity is constantly elevated.

A more reliable option is the sides made of aluminum. They are installed once and can last up to several years. If this option is not suitable, you can pay attention to the curbs made of high-quality galvanized iron. Such paths, decorated with sides, can be located not only inside, but also outside the structure.

This concludes the improvement of the greenhouse with beds. Next, you can proceed to the design of the space. True, since this room is more working, its design should not be too sophisticated.

Arrangement of racks

The second design option for the greenhouse is the organization of shelving in the room. This way of solving the internal space is more suitable for working with seedlings or seedlings. They can even be installed in several rows, which is very convenient.

True, when installing such racks, it is necessary to take into account all the features of the development of certain plants. Anything installed in this way must withstand the appropriate conditions. Plants grown on racks should not be too thermophilic. Those of them that are most drawn to the light should be installed on the upper shelves.

Consumption ecology. Manor: Everyone knows what a greenhouse is. Such facilities are used almost everywhere: both in the north, where it is necessary to meet the deadline for growing crops as soon as possible, and in the south, where, thanks to greenhouses, plants can be grown almost all year round. But conventional greenhouses so well known to us have a number of disadvantages.

What is a greenhouse, everyone knows. Such facilities are used almost everywhere: both in the north, where it is necessary to meet the deadline for growing crops as soon as possible, and in the south, where, thanks to greenhouses, plants can be grown almost all year round. But conventional greenhouses so well known to us have a number of disadvantages.

Firstly, in spring, winter and autumn, they absorb sunlight poorly: in the morning and evening hours, the sun is low, and only 25-30% of all energy is used. Secondly, the greenhouse loses a lot of heat through its cover, and as a result there are large jumps between day and night temperatures, and this harms the plants. And thirdly, the traditional greenhouse ventilation system through doors or windows has a negative impact, as moisture, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, which are so necessary for plants, are released into the street, so they have to be watered and fertilized more.

But some unusual greenhouses can cope with all these shortcomings.

Vegetarian Ivanova

This design allows you to solve all the problems that accompany conventional greenhouses. Required condition- this is a location on a slope of 15-20 degrees. At the same time, three walls and a flat roof are made of polycarbonate, and one wall must be solid and pasted over with a mirror surface to reflect the rays. Such a building increases the penetration of sunlight, and the lower the sun, the more efficient the absorption of energy.

Quite interesting and the system of air and heat exchange in the greenhouse. So, thanks to the presence of a pipe system under the greenhouse, a fan and a pair of dampers, during the day, even in winter, the air temperature can reach 33 degrees, and it is pumped through the pipes into the ground, warming it up to optimal levels, and at night the soil as a heat accumulator heats the air. At the same time, even in winter, you can do without a heater, but for the coldest days, a regular heater can still be used sometimes.

The heat exchange system works in the same way in the summer, only here coolness is already transferred, as a result, the soil and plants do not overheat. This principle is also good because it retains moisture and carbon dioxide. In the process, the soil is also moistened with condensate obtained by cooling the air. Such a system can be called ideal, it allows you to save 60-80 times more energy than usual, and if the temperature is above -10 degrees, then you can do without a heater at all.

Trench greenhouses by Vladimir Antropov

By the name itself, it is easy to guess that we will be dealing with something a little pressed into the ground. So, these greenhouses are equipped at a depth of 1.5 m or more - depending on the level at which groundwater occurs. The walls are laid out with bricks, and the beds themselves are formed at a sufficient height and also from bricks. All this is done so that heat accumulates during the daytime, and at night it is given to plants.

The top of the greenhouse is quite standard - it is plastic pipes, bent into an arc, and covered with a polyethylene film on top. And in the role of vents here are the doors, which are located on the sides of the greenhouse, actually under its very roof. At the same time, cold air flows smoothly down and does not negative impact on plants, as they are located under the ridge of the greenhouse, where warm air accumulates.

The design features here allow you to minimize heat loss, and save the resulting heat for a longer period, because brick walls and beds heat up very quickly and actively accumulate heat. Warming up is also facilitated by the fact that in winter deep soil balls are already able to give off heat, and due to the fact that the area of ​​​​the aerial part is small, the influence of winds that are not able to “blow out” heat is also reduced. As a result, we get an excellent result: in winter in a greenhouse of this type it is warmer by as much as 12 degrees than in a normal one. Note that there was no talk about heating at all - it is not required here, but if some nights are especially cold, then the beds can be covered with non-woven material.

In addition, temperature fluctuations in such a greenhouse will not affect the crop, since the design features allow the heat not to escape for a long time, which creates optimal conditions in winter, but in summer the air practically does not overheat.

eco-greenhouse

The eco-greenhouse is based on the principle of interaction of all organisms in the ecosystem, it is then that it will be in a state of harmony. The design itself is as follows: the greenhouse is elongated from east to west, its northern wall is covered with white plastic to reflect the rays, the roof is made flat, slightly inclined to the south and as tight as possible, and the walls are made of fiberglass. In general, tightness is given maximum attention here.

The main feature is that on the sides of the greenhouse there are areas for breeding animals, for example, rabbits and chickens. Pipes with holes pass from the menageries to the greenhouse, through which small amounts of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, as well as moisture and heat enter the room. As a result, plants receive the missing elements for them, and the air is purified in animals.

The composition of the soil also has some features: it includes soddy soil, sand and compost, which is prepared from animal droppings. Proper drip irrigation is also organized, and all plant residues are used to feed animals. The cycle closes. At the same time, it is emphasized that animals are an excellent source of heat, because, for example, a rabbit can provide as much energy in one year as is obtained from burning 10 liters of oil.

Water is another heat carrier – the greenhouses have several large tanks, and their contents are heated using solar energy. So, under the roof itself there is a fan that is powered by solar panels, and when it is warm outside, it turns on and heats water containers that are fenced off from plants during the day. At night, the so-called radiators give off the accumulated heat.

Water containers also help balance the temperature during hot summer days. In general, ventilation in such a greenhouse is rarely used, since the design allows hot air to quickly leave the premises.

solar greenhouses

The design of this greenhouse is very similar to Ivanov's vegetarian one: there is also one main wall with a reflective coating, and the rest of the walls are made of polycarbonate or use double glazing. A rather peculiar heat accumulator is of interest here: for example, a hole is dug in the middle of the greenhouse, the dimensions of which depend on the dimensions of the room, it is filled with granite or broken bricks. It is also necessary to provide brick channels in the pit, which will go outside with the help of plastic pipes into which the fan is mounted. As a result, heated air is blown into the greenhouse at night.

Thus, it can be seen that with fairly simple designs, significant energy savings can be obtained, which will affect the cost of production. As a result, you can open your own fairly profitable business. published

To get a good harvest from a greenhouse, it is important to exploit all its space as efficiently as possible. To do this, you should think carefully and then organize the internal arrangement of the greenhouse structure. This article will talk about the basic principles for the improvement of a greenhouse structure, the layout of the beds and the placement of plantings in it.

Features and types of construction

The main functions of the greenhouse.

• Protection of plants from external negative factors. These include cold precipitation, frosts, strong winds, and nighttime temperature drops.
• Preservation of the optimum temperature for plantings.

Greenhouses come in many types and can be made from various materials. The size of the greenhouse structure and the tricks of the internal layout depend on the type of crops and plants that will be grown indoors.

by the most simple option is a greenhouse made of ordinary window frames. This design can only be used in the warm season. Usually this is a small building for growing 1-2 types of crops.

Stronger and more durable is the polycarbonate construction. It is light in weight and easily mounted on a prepared frame. Such a greenhouse can be of different sizes, up to impressive areas.

Without additional insulation, such structures are also suitable for operation only in the season with a positive temperature.

The most complex and versatile structure is the greenhouse, which involves growing plants throughout the year. Such a structure must be thermally insulated. It is also equipped with a heating system to maintain the desired temperature level in winter.

Greenhouse for year-round use requires the installation of lighting. In the autumn-winter period, daylight hours are very short, crops that are grown indoors will need additional light supply.

Also, the space inside the greenhouse can be organized for various ways of growing plants. If it is supposed to be grown in the ground, then the beds are laid out. If the cultivation of plants will be carried out in pots, boxes or containers, the installation of racks will be required.

Sizes and shapes

A greenhouse can be used to grow just one crop in it. For example, to obtain a crop of cucumbers, a small (3x3 meters) structure is quite enough. It can be made of glazed frames or polycarbonate sheets on a lightweight frame.

If it is assumed that 2-3 types of plants will be grown indoors, it is better to provide more spacious indoor space. The most optimal option would be with dimensions of 3x6 meters.

To obtain a large number of crops or cultivate many types of crops, it will be necessary to install a greenhouse structure measuring 3 by 8 meters or more.

There are also greenhouse structures of non-standard square shape. Polycarbonate greenhouses most often have a semicircular shape. This allows you not to accumulate a large amount of snow or ice on the roof of the structure. In addition, the round arch makes it possible to tie up tall and climbing crops. This shape of the frame gives a little extra space in height.

Less commonly, greenhouse structures have a roof in the shape of a triangle. This is useful for buildings large area. If the greenhouse structure is collapsible and dismantled for the winter, the roof can be flat or with a slight slope.

Greenhouse design drawings are designed based on the conditions of use, the desired amount of crop and the types of plants grown.

How to equip?

After the installation of the greenhouse structure, the main task of the agrarian becomes the creation of the most favorable conditions for growing crops in closed ground.

This task can be divided into the following subsections:

• providing sufficient heat;
• optimal layout and layout of beds;
• arrangement of paths;
• soil preparation for planting;
• ensuring sufficient ventilation to prevent overheating of the air inside the building;
• in the case of year-round operation of the greenhouse, providing heating and lighting in the cold season;
• if necessary, installation of racks for the installation of containers and pots with plantings.

Heating

Maintaining the optimal temperature regime in the closed ground structure is actually the main task. Particularly careful consideration of the issue of providing heating is required for winter structures with closed ground.

To ensure the flow of natural heat from the sun's rays into the greenhouse, the coating is made of transparent materials. It is also worth taking care that the temperature in the greenhouse does not drop too much at night.

To do this, you can use the following methods.

• The stone accumulates heat well and retains it for a long time. After the sun stops heating the greenhouse, it can serve as a source of heating for some more time. Stones can be laid out on the beds or pave the paths with them. The larger the area and the number of elements made of stone material, the longer it will be able to heat and give off more heat.
• Water is also able to maintain temperature and give off heat from its surface. In the greenhouse, you can arrange containers, preferably dark or black. During the day, the water in them will warm up, and at night and in the evening it will slowly cool down, while maintaining the temperature in the greenhouse.

It should be noted that the above methods of maintaining the temperature are not heating methods. They will only help reduce heat loss at night during the summer season. To provide additional heating of the greenhouse structure, the installation of more complex equipment will be required.

The main options for providing heating of the greenhouse:

• use of heating appliances;
• installation under the paths and beds of the warm floor;
• the use of water or gas heating;
• installation of infrared heating equipment;
• installation of potbelly stoves for firewood.

To maintain the temperature inside the structure, it is important to take care of reducing heat loss.

Winter greenhouses require especially thorough thermal insulation.

• In the cold period, it is better to change the vents in the greenhouse for windows with double frames. A reinforced double-glazed window will not only create an additional barrier to the outflow of heat, but will also significantly reduce the formation of condensate.
• A greenhouse, which will be operated year-round, is usually attached to the wall of a heated building.
• With the onset of cold weather, additional insulating means are installed inside the greenhouse. It can be blinds, shutters, curtains made of soft heat-insulating materials.
• It is worth taking care of the insulation of the foundation. A fairly large heat transfer occurs through the soil.
• Strong wind contributes to the intensive cooling of the greenhouse structure. Therefore, the structure must be protected from wind exposure by some kind of structure (fence, other building, dense hedge).

Ventilation

No greenhouse can do without ventilation, especially during the hot summer months. Excessive rise in temperature and lack of air flow to plants is no less destructive than cold. Several vents must be installed in the greenhouse. It is best if they are automated.

The simplest and least expensive option is to install a hydraulically operated opening window. The essence of his work is very simple. Inside the lever rod is an oily liquid of a certain density. When the temperature inside the greenhouse rises to a certain threshold, the liquid that begins to increase in volume pushes the lever out. Thus, the transom or window begins to open. With a subsequent increase in temperature, the lever is pushed out more and more. With a decrease in temperature and compression of the liquid, respectively, the transom is gradually covered.

Such a simple system, which, by the way, you can mount with your own hands, allows you to automatically ventilate the greenhouse.

The second option is to install a computer with sensors. The device will constantly receive data on humidity and temperature inside the greenhouse. In accordance with the set parameters, the system will control the opening and closing of ventilation windows and vents.

Such equipment is quite expensive and will require additional costs for installation and connection. In addition, only specialists can properly install and configure such a system. However, it really allows you to adjust the main indicators of the microclimate inside the greenhouse, up to the creation of individual temperature conditions for individual beds with various plantings.

Water supply

In the case of growing plants and crops in a structure with closed ground, it is not necessary to rely on natural precipitation. Therefore, watering plantings must be organized by yourself. In a small greenhouse, it is quite possible to get by with a watering can. But all the plants planted in large-area structures are not so easy to water manually. The best option for watering plants in closed ground is a drip irrigation system. To equip it, you will need a water intake tank, plastic pipes and flexible hoses.

The drainage system, which delivers moisture to the roots of plants, is located according to the scheme of the beds. And the container from which water will be taken for irrigation should be installed at some elevation. This is necessary to create pressure in the irrigation system. The big plus is that drip irrigation can be fully automated. To do this, the entire system is connected to an automatic timer or a computer. Irrigation of the soil will be carried out strictly according to the specified parameters.

Beds and shelving

The improvement of the internal space of the greenhouse for various types of plantings is a very important point. The location of the beds or racks should be arranged so that the plantings are in favorable conditions for their growth and maturation.

However, do not forget about the design of the internal space of the greenhouse structure. A design that pleases the eye will undoubtedly contribute to a good mood and pleasant emotions while working in a greenhouse.

How to arrange?

The arrangement of the structure from the inside includes a breakdown of the beds. First of all, the location of the plots for planting will depend on the size of the greenhouse and on its position relative to the sun. It is also worth considering the characteristics of crops and plants cultivated indoors.

For small greenhouses (up to 3 meters wide), the most convenient option is to equip two parallel beds adjacent to the side walls. A path separates the garden in the middle. The width of the plots with plantations should be about 100-120 cm. In this case, unhindered access to all plants will be possible.

A rectangular greenhouse with a width of 4 meters or more can be divided into 3 or more parallel beds. Paths for passage are also arranged between the beds. It is advisable to plan the space so that the paths are at least 40 cm wide, otherwise the passage along them will be simply inconvenient and difficult.

In a square-shaped greenhouse, the beds can be arranged in parallel rows. Another option that is quite convenient in this case is the arrangement of areas for planting along the walls of the greenhouse structure. Another area for planting crops remains in the very center of the greenhouse. The path leading from the entrance frames the central area with plantings and at the same time allows you to have access to the plants planted in the beds along the walls.

What to make?

It is very undesirable to leave the paths earthen, completely unpaved.

Paths can be equipped using the following materials:

• crushed stone;
• brick;
• tile;
• tile;
• a rock;
• ruberoid.

It is difficult to imagine modern horticulture without a greenhouse or greenhouse, because it is these facilities that help to get good yields even in unfavorable conditions for agriculture. Therefore, both engineers and ordinary summer residents are constantly improving known technologies and inventing new original designs.

For a savvy owner, even a selection of photos of greenhouses will be the first step towards creating a real masterpiece on your site.

Original greenhouse - decoration of the site

Simple arched design provides the right microclimate for plants

It is not difficult to build a greenhouse on the site. And even easier - buy ready-made. Moreover, manufacturers offer easy-to-use standard options - arched polycarbonate, gable on the frame, greenhouses and mini-greenhouses. The assembly and installation of such structures takes a minimum of time, in addition, these structures can be operated for more than one season.

Polycarbonate sheets on a wooden frame

The standard arched structure is quickly mounted on any open area, does not require pouring a massive foundation. Most often, manufacturers offer a metal-plastic frame for polycarbonate sheets. Such a greenhouse is designed for growing early crops of greens, strawberries, cucumbers and other heat-loving vegetables.

Polycarbonate and film is the most common basis for greenhouses. Using available drawings and simple materials for the frame (wood, plastic), it is quite possible to assemble an effective structure on your own.

According to their characteristics, home-made structures are in no way inferior to industrial ones. And the fact that during their construction you can immediately plan all the internal equipment, taking into account the crops grown, gives greenhouses some advantage.

Strawberries on hanging beds

In such structures, simple beds on the ground are usually equipped. To obtain ultra-early products, warm beds can be equipped, and hanging containers (pots, plastic pipes, containers) are often used to grow strawberries and herbs.

In frame greenhouses, additional lighting and heating can be easily equipped.

Winter greenhouses - beauty and benefits all year round

Winter wall greenhouse-greenhouse

Many summer residents prefer cost-effective winter greenhouses. Such structures not only provide the family with fresh vegetables and herbs, but also decorate the courtyard. Some structures perform the functions of additional insulation for the house, as they protect the walls of a residential building from external environment- the principle of construction is clearly visible in the photo of greenhouses of this type.

Beautiful winter greenhouse on a high brick plinth

During the construction of winter greenhouses, first of all, they think over the heating and lighting systems and select the materials that will be used. Most often it is glass, polycarbonate, brick, wood. And since such facilities are designed for more than one year of use, many owners are trying to make a warm functional room have an attractive design.

An elegant double-glazed pavilion is equipped for growing vegetables all year round

Often, winter greenhouses are equipped in such a way that they have enough space not only for growing crops, but also for arranging a recreation area. High warm beds, soft lighting, an abundance of plants - in such a green corner it is pleasant to relax after a hard day.

Beautiful winter greenhouses have taken their rightful place in the construction of ecological and "smart" houses. In such buildings, they themselves became part of heating system. Similar structures are designed and erected simultaneously with the main building. Glass walls provide enough light for plants, and solar thermal collectors heat not only the greenhouse, but also the house.

Geodesic greenhouses – economical and efficient

Recessed geodome - functional economical greenhouse

Today, geodesic domes-greenhouses are becoming more common. The original shape, high strength, good lighting and free air circulation, in addition, with an equal consumption of material for the construction of such a dome and a conventional greenhouse, in the first case, they get more usable area for plants. Buildings are heated by the accumulation of solar heat in containers with water.

The beds under the dome are located around the perimeter and in the center of the structure, and also suspended from the frame.

Depending on the diameter, in such a greenhouse it is possible to equip a completely profitable all-season greenhouse, the maintenance of which will not require large expenditures. It is precisely because of its cost-effectiveness that the geodome is attractive to adherents of an environmentally friendly way of life.

Pyramid - a mathematically verified ideal shape

According to the classification, unusual pyramid greenhouses are placed in a separate type. But in essence they can be attributed to geodesics, only the simplest - only four faces.

Some gardeners tend to give such designs almost magical properties- and tomatoes-cucumbers grow better in them, and strawberries are more fragrant, and parsley is greener. But no mysticism, just with this form, all the plants inside are illuminated by sunlight in the most optimal way.

Futuristic greenhouse of the future - a variant of the geodesic structure

Greenhouse Ann Rome is equipped with innovative technologies

This is not space science fiction. This is a photo of the greenhouse of the future built by Ann Romme in Denmark.

The structure is designed with "green building" in mind - environmentally friendly modern materials are combined with energy-saving technologies. Inside you can create any microclimate - all parameters of lighting, temperature and humidity are controlled by special sensors. The frame of the greenhouse is assembled from modules according to the principle of a geodesic dome.

Author's and unique projects for productive horticulture

For some gardeners, truly passionate about their work, it turned out to be boring just to build standard frames, they were more attracted to unusual greenhouses. They developed and improved their own technologies to improve the efficiency of growing crops indoors. Many projects remained “for personal use”, but several developments were “lucky” and their authors became the founders of new directions in agriculture.

Mitlider greenhouses - a special improvement for a record harvest

At first glance, the difference from a conventional greenhouse is only in the asymmetric roof

The author of the "American" greenhouse project, Jacob Mitlider, did not create such a design right away. By trial and error, he developed not only a special form of the frame, but also suggested using narrow high beds inside.

The highlight of this structure is a two-level roof with a “gap” along the entire length; the photo of the greenhouse clearly shows the difference in the height of the two roof slopes.

Arched greenhouse according to Mitlider made of polycarbonate

Ventilation transoms are mounted in a vertical strip between the two halves of the roof. This provides several advantages at once:

• when airing, fresh air is distributed evenly;
• "extra" warm air is easily removed from under the roof;
• in the cold season, the risk of “freezing” plants in the beds is significantly reduced.

Trench greenhouses by Vladimir Antropov

Antropov trench greenhouse - outside photo

The peculiarity of such a greenhouse is the almost complete absence of walls; arches for the roof are immediately installed on the ground. But the beds themselves are deeply deepened into the ground, in fact, the entire area of ​​the greenhouse is "drowned" into the ground by more than 1.5 meters. Paths were dug between the beds for the convenience of plant maintenance.

There are four main advantages of this design:

• heat losses are drastically reduced - there are no side walls, a small area is blown by the wind;
• the greenhouse warms up quickly and saves heat for a long time - the beds themselves (an array of soil and a brick blind area) accumulate heat well, plus - the depth of the trenches also plays a role;
• there are no drafts - both the door and the vents are on the roof, so the plants are not blown by cold air;
• accessibility - less materials are required for construction - only the roof needs to be mounted.

Vegetarian Ivanov and its features

This structure is being built on slopes of 15-20 degrees

The basic principle of operation of such a vegetation is a closed cycle of heat and air exchange. To do this, pipes are laid in the ground under the beds. At the bottom of the slope, they are removed from the soil, and on the ridge they are collected in one air exchange collector with fans. Due to good lighting, the air in the greenhouse warms up, the fans are drawn into the pipes at the bottom of the room, through the pipes it warms the soil from the inside and the cooled one gets back under the roof of the greenhouse.

Due to such an internal arrangement, the greenhouse not only maintains an optimal even temperature throughout the day, but also reduces the loss of carbon dioxide, and completely eliminates the problem of drafts.

It also simplifies humidity control. The only drawback of a vegetarian diet is that on hot days in the summer it is necessary to shade the roof, otherwise the temperature inside will rise too much.

Underground greenhouses and their effectiveness

Underground greenhouses are a completely unique type of greenhouse structures. They work on the principle of a basement - after all, the temperature in the soil below the freezing level of the soil will always be positive. And if you attach a transparent roof to such a “cellar”, put several containers with water and think over ventilation, then even on frosty days, the heat necessary for growing various crops will remain inside.

In Mongolia, greenhouses are being built that operate successfully from early spring to late autumn, even in the northern regions of the country. The main condition is that all opaque walls and the ceiling are well insulated. The space is heated by sunlight and underground heat.

Underground greenhouse construction

In the USA, in the state of Wisconsin, a unique underground greenhouse with an area of ​​850 sq. m. Its feature is straw bales as a material for walls and insulation. It is harvested all year round.

Clay and straw are excellent heaters for underground beds

Clay and straw hold heat well. Therefore, their mixture is often used not only for building houses, but also for warming underground beds. And in combination with a high transparent southern wall of the roof and solar battery such a greenhouse turns into a year-round.

Photo gallery of beautiful greenhouses

You can talk about beautiful greenhouses endlessly, sometimes they look more like works of art than agricultural buildings. But it’s better to just look at the photo and be inspired to create your own masterpiece on the site.

Double-glazed windows and plastic frame

Even from old window frames you can build a useful structure

Plastic bottles are an excellent material for a backyard greenhouse

For this greenhouse, the arched frame was covered with a bottle plastic sheet.

With a good owner, even an old bus will turn into an excellent greenhouse

Straw is a waste material for an efficient greenhouse

As you can see, different greenhouses are shown in the pictures - standard and original, author's and experimental, from expensive materials and from waste. One thing unites them - they are all created by passionate people who strive to make the world a better place.