Calculation of the labor intensity of the annual production program. Calculation for the planning department of the standard labor intensity of the annual production program by profession and category using MS Excel tools Calculation of the labor intensity of the production program

The annual labor intensity of the production program includes the volume of work on maintenance, repair and restoration of units, assembly units, parts and machines as a whole, which are on the balance sheet of the enterprise, as well as work related to its maintenance (the annual volume of work on the self-service of the enterprise).

Depending on the type of technical service enterprise, the production program (usually expressed in the form of physical objects of maintenance and repair, or reduced to some kind of them), the design stage, the annual labor intensity of repair and maintenance (technical) impacts can be determined various methods:

- according to the given or physical units individual objects;

- according to the labor intensity per unit mass;

- according to the normative (absolute) labor intensity of the corresponding types of repair and maintenance impacts;

- according to the specific labor intensity of the corresponding types of repair and maintenance activities, the planned annual operating time of the machines or the planned annual mileage of the car fleet.

When calculating by any method, the labor intensity T i must be adjusted, taking into account that it is a function of the production program N i of the enterprise (T i = f (N i)). With an increase in the program, the complexity decreases, but the size of its change depending on the program for various objects is different. Therefore, the adjustment of labor intensity according to the production program must be performed for each type of serviced and repaired objects included in the program.

To calculate the labor intensity, special (summary) statements can also be developed. Depending on the accepted methodology for calculating the statements, as a rule, they are compiled for each object of maintenance and repair separately, and when designing according to the above program, for representative objects. The summary statement of labor intensity indicates: name, brand and number of objects; the complexity of one object and the total; specific labor intensity, adopted in the calculation and final for the project.

Calculation of the scope of work for the given or physical units of individual objects. This method of determining the labor intensity of work is mainly used for specialized service enterprises. With this method of calculation, reduction coefficients are used that determine the ratio of the complexity of the object taken as the calculated one and each included in the program:

T g \u003d N K pr T cr K pc, (3.130)

where T g - annual labor intensity, man-hour;

N is the production program of the enterprise (see clauses 3.2.8.2 or the design task);

K pr - coefficient of reduction of the production program to a complete machine (accepted according to table 3.73);

T cr - labor intensity overhaul complete machine, man-hour (see table. 3.73);

K pc - correction factor of labor intensity (Table 3.74).

Table 3.73 - Factors for bringing the annual production

enterprise programs

Table 3.73 shows the labor intensity of overhaul T kr for enterprises with an annual production program: tractor chassis and their engines - 1000 units, cars and their engines - 5000 units. These labor costs are taken as unity.

For technical service enterprises with a different production program, labor intensity is recalculated using correction factors K pc (see Table 3.74).

Often, when designing service enterprises (central repair shops, general purpose workshops, etc.), annual labor intensity is determined through conditional repairs. At the same time, the annual labor intensity of work Tg, equal to 300 man-hours, is taken as a conditional repair unit:

T g \u003d N ur 300 K p, (3.131)

where N ur is the number of conditional repairs (the number of physical or reduced units of repair objects);

K p is the conversion factor for conditional repairs (Table 3.75).

Table 3.74 - Correction factors for labor intensity standards

repair of machines, taking into account the annual production program

enterprises

Table 3.75 - Conversion factors for conditional repairs

Calculation of the scope of work by labor intensity per unit mass. This method is mainly used for integrated calculations, the essence of which is to determine the labor intensity according to existing similar industries with high technical and economic indicators or according to scientific research. At the same time, the initial data for the calculation are: the complexity of maintenance and repair of an object similar in design; masses of objects; specific labor intensity of 1 ton of the mass of the object.

The annual labor intensity of an object similar in design is determined by the following equations:

T g \u003d Q and T beats, (3.133)

where T a is the known labor intensity of the representative object, man-hour;

Q and, Q a - the masses, respectively, of the object for which the labor intensity is determined and the representative object, the labor intensity of which is known, t (accepted according to the data in table 3.76);

T ud - specific labor intensity, man-h / t.

Table 3.76 - Masses of some objects (tractors and cars)

If the compared objects have significant differences in design, then the specific labor intensity T sp is corrected by the mass of the objects using the expression:

Then the desired (corrected) specific labor intensity T ud. and the calculated object will be:

Calculation of the scope of work according to the standard labor intensity of repairs-serving influences. The annual scope of work is determined for each i-th type of technical impacts on the basis of the production program N i and adjusted standard labor inputs t i separately for each group of machines n:

where i are the types of technical impacts, respectively, EO, TO-1, TO-2, TO-3, SO, TR and KR.

When calculating, it must be borne in mind that, as a rule, for tractors, TO-3 work should be included in the standard labor intensity of current repairs, since these types of work coincide in frequency, and therefore they are performed simultaneously.

At certain design stages, in some cases, these labor inputs should be divided. For tractors, it is generally accepted that the labor intensity of the current repair includes work to eliminate random failures, the labor intensity of which is up to 40%, the remaining 60% is performed at the planned time points. At the same time, the labor intensity of unscheduled repairs is distributed evenly during the overhaul period.

For cars with a number of more than 300, the labor intensity is reduced by 10%, and for enterprises with a fleet of 100 ... 200 and 50 ... 100 cars, the labor intensity is increased by 10 and 30%, respectively.

The total annual labor intensity of the respective maintenance work is determined by the following equations:

Or (3.141)

where N EO, N 1, N 2, N 3 and N co - the annual number of technical impacts of this type, respectively, EO, TO-1, TO-2, TO-3 and CO (see Table 3.72);

t EO, t to-1, t to-2, t to-3 and t co - standard labor intensity, respectively, EO, TO-1, TO-2, TO-3 and CO, man-hour (values ​​of labor intensity standards for tractors accepted according to table 3.77, for cars - according to table 3.78);

K co - the coefficient of labor intensity of seasonal maintenance. The value of the coefficient is taken taking into account the natural and climatic conditions of operation of the machines (for very cold and very hot dry climatic regions - Kco = 0.5; for cold and hot dry climatic regions - Kco = 0.3; for other climatic regions of Russia – Kco = 0.2).

Table 3.77 - Standards for the labor intensity of maintenance and

current repair of tractors (for the conditions of repair shops)

The total annual labor intensity of the relevant work on current and major repairs is determined by the formulas:

where N tr, N kr - the annual number of current and major repairs, respectively (see Table 3.72);

t tr is the labor intensity of the current repair of machines of a certain brand, man-hours (see Table 3.77 and Table 3.78);

t kr - the labor intensity of the overhaul of machines of a certain brand and their units, man-hour (the values ​​of labor intensity for tractors and cars are taken according to the data in table 3.79, for units - according to table 3.80).

Table 3.78 - Standards for the labor intensity of maintenance and current repairs of rolling stock road transport

In addition, the total annual labor intensity of overhauls of tractors and vehicles of a certain brand in the park can be found by the coverage ratio of overhauls, taking into account zonal operating conditions:

where η cr is the average annual coverage ratio for the overhaul of machines and units (for machines, η cr is taken on the basis of the data in Table 3.79, for the most critical units - according to Table 3.81).

The overhaul coverage ratio depends on the brand and “age” of the machines, operating conditions, etc. central zone the values ​​of η cr can be taken as equal to: for tractors and machines based on them - η cr = 0.16; for cars and cars based on them - η cr = 0.12.

Table 3.79 - Labor intensity of overhaul and coefficients

its coverage for tractors and cars

Table 3.80 - The complexity of the overhaul of machine units

Table 3.81 - Values ​​of the coverage ratios of capital

repair of machine units

The normative labor inputs of technical impacts of vehicles are adjusted in relation to specific operating conditions using coefficients (see clauses 3.2.8.2).

Adjusted standard maintenance and repair labor inputs for cars of a certain brand are calculated by the formulas:

where t i , t tr are the calculated labor inputs of a certain type of TO (t EO, t to-1, t to-2) and TR per 1000 km of run, man-hours;

- normative labor intensity, respectively, of a unit of maintenance of a given type and TR per 1000 km of run of the basic model of a car, man-hours (see Table 3.78);

K then is the resulting coefficient for correcting the labor intensity of maintenance for a car (K then \u003d K 3 K 4). Here K 4 is a coefficient that takes into account the number of technologically compatible groups of road transport rolling stock (Table 3.82);

K tr is the resulting coefficient for adjusting the labor intensity of TP per 1000 km of run for a car (K tr \u003d K 1 · K 2 · K 3 · K 4).

In the graduation project, when determining the labor intensity of TO-1 and TO-2 with concomitant current repairs for cars in accordance with the Regulation, it is necessary to take into account additional labor intensity in the amount of 5 ... 7 man-min per one repair operation for TO-1 and up to 20 ... min - at TO-2. At the same time, the total labor intensity of several operations of the accompanying TR should not exceed 20% of the labor intensity of the corresponding type of maintenance. The labor intensity of the TR for the enterprise when it is performed at the posts of the TR zones should not take into account the volume of work that will be performed in conjunction with the TO-1 and TO-2 operations.

Table 3.82 - Coefficient of adjustment of standards depending on

on the size of the enterprise and the number of technologically compatible

groups of rolling stock of road transport - K 4

The annual labor intensity of TO-1 and TO-2 with the accompanying TR for road transport can be determined from the following dependencies:

T 1.g.tr \u003d T 1.g + T 1.g C tr \u003d T 1.g (1 + C tr); (3.147)

T 2.g.tr \u003d T 2.g + T 2.g C tr \u003d T 2.g (1 + C tr), (3.148)

The initial standards for the labor intensity of maintenance and repair of the rolling stock of road transport, the coefficients and the results of adjusting the standards are given in the form of table 3.83.

Table 3.83 - Standards for the complexity of TO and TR per 1000 km of run

for cars

The determination of labor input standards for general D-1 and element-by-element diagnostics D-2, the organization of which is provided for by the Regulations and the Guidelines, is carried out according to the following scheme.

With general diagnostics performed at individual posts (sections), the complexity of T d-1 is about 25 ... 30% of the standard labor intensity (10% are diagnostic work, 15 ... as a result of diagnosing D-1). In the case of combining D-1 with the TO-1 process, the total labor intensity of these works increases by 10 ... 15% due to the inclusion of additional diagnostic operations in the technology (for example, checking the brake system, ignition and power systems on stands, etc.).

With element-by-element diagnostics D-2, performed at separate specialized posts (sections), the complexity of T d-2, depending on the type of machine, will be 10 ... 20% of the standard labor intensity

T d-1 \u003d t d-1 (1.1 N 1 + N 2) \u003d N d-1 t d-1; (3.149)

T d-2 \u003d 1.2 N 2 t d-2 \u003d N d-2 t d-2, (3.150)

where N 1 , N 2 - the annual number of services, respectively, TO-1 and TO-2;

t d-1 , t d-2 - respectively, the complexity of one diagnosis in the volume of general and element-by-element diagnosis, man-hour

t d-1 \u003d t then-1 k 1; (3.151)

t d-2 \u003d t then-2 k 2; (3.152)

[here k 1 , k 2 - respectively, the proportion of labor intensity of diagnostic work during TO-1 and TO-2].

Calculation of the scope of work on the basis of specific labor intensity of technical impacts and the planned annual operating time of the fleet of machines. By this method the annual volume of technical impacts is determined without calculating their number on the basis of the standards of specific labor intensity, the planned (expected) annual operating time of the tractor fleet or the planned annual mileage of the vehicle fleet.

The total annual labor intensity of all numbered technical services T to.g and the current T tr.g of repairs for the fleet of tractors and cars is determined by the formulas:

where t pl.g is the planned (expected) annual operating time of machines of a certain brand, moto-h;

L pl.g - the planned annual mileage of cars of a certain brand, km;

q then, q tr - the total specific labor intensity, respectively, of maintenance and repair of tractors and cars of a certain brand, man-hour / 1000 moto-hours or man-hours / 1000 km of run (Table 3.84).

The total annual labor intensity of the overhaul of machines of a certain brand

q cr - the total specific labor intensity of the overhaul of machines of a certain brand, man-hour / 1000 moto-hours (see Table 3.84).

Table 3.84 - Specific labor intensity of maintenance and

repair of tractors and cars

– VAZ 2.6 4.3 – –

When calculating annual volumes of works of technical impacts, it must be taken into account that works on EO, TO-1, TO-2, TO-3, as well as 40% of current repairs, as a rule, are performed in the TO area, about 60% of current repairs and 25% works on CD in the area of ​​repair of the service enterprise. Based on this organization of work, it is possible to calculate the annual labor intensity of technical actions necessary to ensure the operability of one group of machines:

Then the total amount of work for the fleet of machines of the enterprise is found by summing the labor inputs for all groups:

T ∑ = ∑ T then, p = ∑∑ T i .r (3.157)

T ∑ = ∑ T EO. G + ∑ T TO-1.G + ∑ T TO-2.G + ∑ T TO-3.G +

+ ∑ T SO.G + K TO ∑ T TR.G + K TR ∑ T TR.G + K KR ∑ T KR.G + ∑ T ADD.G,

where ∑ T EO. G, ∑ T TO-1.G, ∑ T TO-2.G, ∑ T TO-3.G, ∑ T SO.G - the total annual labor intensity, respectively, EO, TO-1, TO-2, TO-3 and CO, man-hour;

∑ T TR.G, ∑ T KR.G - the total annual labor intensity, respectively, of current and major repairs, man-hours;

K TO, K TR, K KR - coefficients taking into account the amount of work, respectively, for maintenance, current and overhaul (K TO = 0.4; K TR = 0.6; K KR = 0.25);

∑ T ADOP.G - total annual labor intensity of the additional program, man-hours.

The labor intensity of work related to the maintenance and repair of machines is the main production program of the service enterprise. At the same time, in addition to planning work related to the implementation of maintenance and repair of machines, an additional program is being developed at the enterprises.

Annual labor intensity additional work consists of the labor intensity of repairing technological equipment, the manufacture of fixtures and tools (T swarms), the labor intensity of restoring and manufacturing parts (T type), as well as the labor intensity of other (other) work (T pr).

T add \u003d T swarms + T view + T pr. (3.159)

The annual labor intensity of additional work is determined as a percentage of the total labor intensity of maintenance and repairs of the fleet of machines according to the following dependencies:

T swarms \u003d (0.12 ... 0.14) (T cr + T tr + T then); (3.160)

T view \u003d (0.05 ... 0.07) (T cr + T tr + T then); (3.161)

T pr \u003d (0.08 ... 0.09) (T cr + T tr + T then). (3.162)

Thus, the volume of the additional program is within 25 ... 30% of the total labor intensity of maintenance and repair of machines:

T add \u003d (0.25 ... 0.30) (T cr + T tr + T then). (3.163)

At present, most maintenance and repair work is usually carried out in the workshops of service enterprises. At the same time, it is advisable to carry out the volume of work on the overhaul of energy-saturated tractors and cars at specialized enterprises.

The volume of these works depends on the composition and equipment of the repair and maintenance base, the proximity of specialized enterprises, the production and economic relations that have developed between them, and can be determined as an average annual actual value (over the past three years) according to a particular enterprise.

In case of their absence, it can be assumed that specialized service enterprises perform up to 80% of overhauls of tractors such as T-150K, T-100M, T-130, up to 50% of overhauls of other tractors, up to 30% of TR of tractors T-150K, T -100M, T-130, up to 50% of TO-2 and current car repairs.

The results of all calculations are summarized in the form of table 3.85, which finally establishes the annual volume of all maintenance and repair work performed directly by the service company.

Table 3.85 - The total annual volume of work of technical

impacts

Types of machines Annual volume of work, man-hours Capital repairs Current repairs Maintenance Additional program .g T additional.g Caterpillar tractors Wheeled tractors Vehicles of all types Total T ∑

At the end of this section, based on the data in Table 3.85, the total annual volume of maintenance and repair work is given: in general, for the fleet of vehicles of a technical service enterprise ∑ T g, including those performed in the areas of maintenance ∑ T to.g and repair ∑ T r.g , as well as at specialized enterprises ∑ T sp.g.

Calculation of the scope of work on the restoration of worn parts. Restoration of worn parts is a set of technological operations to eliminate their main defects, ensuring the resumption of working capacity and the parameters established in the regulatory and technical documentation.

The restoration of worn parts is one of the most important reserves for increasing the efficiency of the use of machinery and equipment in the agro-industrial complex. This is achieved by saving material, fuel and energy and labor resources as a result of repeated and sometimes repeated use of units, assembly units and parts that have exhausted their resource.

Studies show that for most machines that come in for overhaul, on average, only up to 20% of the parts are subject to rejection, 25 ... 40% are considered suitable for further operation, and the rest can be restored.

To date, a general scheme for the development of production for the restoration of worn parts has been developed, which is based on four main links.

The first link is the posts and areas for the restoration of parts in the repair shops of large farms. Here, a fairly wide range of parts is restored that do not require complex technological equipment for restoration operations. The scope of work on the restoration of parts for such workshops is accepted according to the standards (Table 3.86).

Table 3.86 - Average standard labor intensity of restoration

parts (assembly units) by type of work in workshops

Types of work Labor intensity, man-hours, in workshops with the number of machines in the fleet Mechanical: turning milling drilling grinding Metalwork Welding and surfacing Forging and thermal Restoration with polymeric materials Total

The second link is sites and workshops for the restoration of a wide range of parts at specialized enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, equipped with universal and specialized equipment. Details are restored according to a wide range.

The third link is large workshops at specialized repair plants, equipped with flow-mechanized lines for the restoration of parts of a narrow range and meeting the needs of several regions. For example, one workshop specializes in the restoration of engine parts, another - in the restoration of shaft-type parts, etc.

The fourth link unites large enterprises created on the principle of interregional specialization, equipped with high-performance technological equipment and flow-mechanized lines, which are economically feasible only with large production programs.

The volume of work on the restoration of parts for two to four links of the production base is determined based on the number of overhauls of machines, their units and components and the recovery factors of individual parts.

The annual amount of work to restore individual parts for specific conditions is determined by the formula:

where N kr is the number of overhauls of a machine of a certain brand or their components in which this part is installed;

n - the number of parts of a certain name on one machine (unit);

K in - the coefficient of restoration of parts of a given name (Table 3.87).

Table 3.87 - Recovery factors for some parts

tractors and cars

Part name Recovery coefficients for machine parts T-130, T-4A, DT-75M MTZ-80, MTZ-82 GAZ-53A, GAZ-53B ZIL-130, ZIL-131 Cylinder block 0.45…0.55 0.35 …0.43 0.53…0.65 0.40…0.50 Cylinder head 0.36…0.60 0.54…0.90 0.54…0.90 0.54…0.89 Crankshaft 0.50…0.62 0.18…0.22 0.50…0.62 0.58…0.70 Connecting rod 0.30…0.40 0.30…0.33 0.34…0.42 0.31…0.39 Camshaft 0.25…0.31 0.30…0.36 0.46…0.55 0.45…0.50 Cylinder sleeve 0.36…0.42 0.27… 0.33 0.48…0.58 0.48…0.59 Flywheel complete 0.33…0.41 0.41…0.49 – – Piston pin 0.40…0.49 0.30…0 .33 – – Clutch housing 0.23…0.29 0.31…0.37 0.30…0.50 0.25…0.31 Gearbox housing – 0.50…0.62 – – Rear axle housing 0.43…0.53 0.47…0.57 – – Rear axle axle – 0.47…0.78 0.47…0.79 0.47…0.79

For each name of the parts to be restored (see Table 3.87), the lower value of the coefficient is taken when calculating the volumes for the needs of only the overhaul of machines and their components, and the upper one additionally takes into account the needs of current repairs.

In the absence of data, the recovery factor of parts can be determined by the expression:

K in \u003d N in / N d, (3.165)

where N in - the number of parts of a certain name to be restored from among the defective ones;

N d - the total number of defective parts of this name.

The scope of work to restore the working bodies of agricultural machines is determined by:

where N m is the number of machines used;

n is the number of working bodies on one machine;

t pl.g - planned annual operating time of the machine, h;

t p is the average resource of the part, h.

The volume of work on the restoration of machine parts is taken in the amount of up to 20% of the total volume of restoration of parts.

The annual volume of tire retreading can be determined from the ratio:

where N i is the expected number of pneumatic vehicles and trailers with the i-th tire;

- the complexity of the repair i-th bus in hours of working time (accepted according to the data in table 3.88);

– average annual enrollment ratio repair i-x tires (see table. 3.88);

– i-th number tires on one machine (see table. 3.88);

– simultaneity factor use i-x tires in cars and trailers (assumed to be = 0.8).

Table 3.88 - Average annual coverage ratios for repairs and

labor intensity of tire repair

Determining the need for personnel is carried out separately for groups of PPP and non-industrial personnel. The initial data for determining the number are:

Manufacturing program;

Norms of time, production and maintenance;

Nominal (real) working time budget for the year;

Measures to reduce labor costs, etc.

The main methods for calculating the quantitative need for personnel are:

1. Calculations for the complexity of the production program. The standard for the number (N h) of employees (main piecework workers) is determined by the formula:

where T pl is the planned labor intensity of the production program, standard hours;

F n - the normative balance of working time of one worker per year (estimated effective working time fund), h;

To vn - the expected coefficient of performance of the norms of time.

The planned labor intensity of the production program is determined by the planned standard of labor costs per unit of output, multiplied by the planned output.

The method of calculating the number of labor intensity of the production program is the most accurate and reliable.

2. According to production standards. In this case, the formula can be used:

where Q pl is the planned volume of output for a period of time (in established units of measurement);

Н vyr - the planned rate of output for the period (in the same units of measurement).

3. According to the standards of service. Planning the number of main workers in instrumental processes and auxiliary workers performing work for which there are service standards is reduced to determining the total number of service objects, taking into account shift work. The formula applied is:

where K o - the number of units of installed equipment;

C is the number of work shifts;

H o - service rate (number of pieces of equipment serviced by one worker);

K cn is the coefficient of transferring the number of workers to the payroll.

In discontinuous productions, K cn is defined as the ratio of the nominal time fund to the useful (effective), and in continuous productions, as the ratio of the calendar time fund to the useful one.

4. For jobs. This method usually determines the number of auxiliary workers for whom neither the scope of work nor service standards can be established (for example, crane operators, slingers). The formula applied is:

H h \u003d M * C * K cn,

where M is the number of jobs.

The number of service personnel can also be determined by the enlarged service standards. For example, the number of cleaners can be determined by the number of square meters of premises, the cloakroom attendants - by the number of people served.

The number of employees can be determined based on the analysis of industry average data, and in their absence, according to the developed standards. The number of managers can be determined taking into account the norms of manageability and a number of other factors.

The number of managers, specialists and employees is calculated for each function by the method of direct normalization or the method of correlation dependence.

The number of non-industrial personnel does not depend on the number of industrial and production personnel and is determined separately for each type of activity, taking into account the specifics (children's institutions, housing and communal services, utility Agriculture etc.).

In addition to the number of employees, a quantitative characteristic of the labor potential of an enterprise can be represented as labor resource fund(Frt) in man-days, man-hours:

F rt \u003d H cn * T rv,

where H cn - average payroll workers;

T RV - the average duration of the working period in days or hours.

The length of working time in the planning period is determined on the basis of the working time budget (Table 2.1).

Table 2.1

	Indicators
	1. Number of calendar days in a year
	2. Number of days off per year
	3. Quantity public holidays per year
	4. The duration of the next and additional holidays, days
	5. Absence from work due to sickness and childbirth
	6. Duration of study holidays, days
	7. Time of performance of state or public duties, days
	8. Other absenteeism permitted by law, days
	9. Duration of work shift, h
	10. Loss of working time due to the reduction of the length of the working day for nursing mothers
	11. Loss of working time due to the reduction of the length of the working day for adolescents, h
	12. Loss of working time due to a shortened working day in pre-holiday days, h

Raise labor productivity It is manifested in the fact that the share of living labor in production decreases, and the share of past labor increases, while the absolute value of the cost of living and materialized labor per unit of output is reduced. The change in labor productivity (index J pt) can be determined by the formulas:

where V o, V b - production output in the reporting and base period;

T o, T b - labor intensity of products in the reporting and base period.

In general, for the enterprise, labor productivity planning is carried out according to the main technical and economic factors in the following order:

The headcount savings from the development and implementation of each measure to increase labor productivity is determined (E i);

Calculate the total savings in numbers (Eh) under the influence of all factors and activities (Eh = ∑E i);

The increase in labor productivity (∆PT) is calculated using the formula:

∆PT \u003d E h * 100 / (Ch r - E h),

where Ch p is the number of PPP required to fulfill the annual production volume while maintaining the output of the previous year.

The estimated number of industrial and production personnel for the planning period is determined based on the base number (Bb), the planned index of change in production volume (Jq) and the relative savings in headcount obtained as a result of calculations of labor productivity growth (Eh):

H ppp= H b* J q- E h.

Factors for increasing labor productivity can be classified in three ways:

1. Factors that create conditions for the growth of labor productivity: the level of development of science, advanced training of workers, strengthening labor discipline, reducing staff turnover, etc.).

2. Factors contributing to the growth of labor productivity: material and moral incentives, improvement wages, the introduction of scientifically and technically sound labor standards, the introduction of advanced technology, etc.

3. Factors that directly determine the level of labor productivity in the enterprise: mechanization and automation production processes, improving the quality of work, eliminating downtime, eliminating defects, improving management and organization of work.

The labor intensity of production sets the value of such indicators as the number of personnel and labor productivity, therefore, the calculation of labor indicators must begin with the justification of the planned the complexity of the production program. The number of personnel and its composition will determine the wage fund. Labor intensity production program calculated as a sum laboriousness of each product (work), multiplied by the planned volume of its output (production of works). The labor intensity of production includes partial labor capacities: a) technological (Tm) - consists of the labor costs of the main workers; it is calculated according to production operations, parts, assemblies and finished products; b) service (T0) - reflects the labor costs of auxiliary workers engaged in servicing production; its calculation is carried out for each operation, product or in proportion to the technological laboriousness products; in) production(TPr) - amounts laboriousness technological and service for the performance of each unit of work and their entire amount; d) management (Tu) - reflects "to spend! Labor of managers, specialists and other employees; part of such costs that are not directly related to the manufacture of products are directly attributed to these products, the other part that is not directly related to the manufacture of products , refer to them in proportion to the production laboriousness.

Full labor intensity of the production program(Tp) includes all labor costs for the manufacture of each product and their entire amount. It is determined by the formula t ^ t + T + T ^ T + T laboriousness normative, planned and actual. Regulatory laboriousness determined on the basis of current labor standards and labor standards. It is used to establish the total amount of labor required to manufacture individual products and complete the entire production program. Regulatory laboriousness annual production program calculated by the formula laboriousness production of a unit of the i-th product ( Mr. work, 1st service); В™1 - the planned number of output of 1 products (works, services) in natural units during the year (if the calculation is carried out for another calendar period, for example, a quarter or a month, then the the complexity of the production program per quarter or month) i - the number of items (works, services). Planned laboriousness of newly mastered products must correspond to its standard value. For products already manufactured in the past period, it differs by the amount of labor costs reduction planned through the implementation of technical and organizational measures.

Decrease calculation laboriousness such production program taking into account the timing of the implementation of organizational technical events, they are carried out according to the formula t G where Tp,], Tt2 - full laboriousness»-th product (work, service) before and after the implementation of organizational and technical measures to reduce it, respectively; B,2 is the planned volume of output of the i-th product (work, service) in natural units, calculated for the entire planning period; Sd, - the period of validity of measures to reduce laboriousness 1st product (works, services), months per year; K „ - calendar period (12 months). Actual laboriousness reflects the amount of labor costs for the output volume of products (the amount of work, services performed). It is calculated to analyze production, identify reserves to reduce labor costs. From calculations laboriousness depends on the validity of the calculations of all other labor production indicators, so the calculations require highly qualified developers.

Headcount planning

For headcount planning calculations are needed: the balance of working time of one average employee, numbers workers by category - managers, specialists, other employees, workers; average numbers industrial production personnel by category personnel. Then set the budget of working time for the enterprise for the planning period. The time budget must correspond to the labor intensity of the production program. The balance of working time (planned and actual) is a useful (attendance) fund of working time of one employee as a whole for the enterprise and for its divisions. The calculation of the planned balance of working hours includes five steps. Step 1. Calculation of the calendar fund of working time - annual, quarterly or monthly, which is determined by the number of days in a year, quarter, month. Step 2. Calculation of the nominal fund of working hours for the corresponding period by deducting from the calendar fund weekends and holidays (for discontinuous production) or days of absence from work in accordance with shift schedules (for continuous production). Step 3. Calculation of the useful (attendance) working time fund in days by subtracting from the nominal fund all legally established scheduled full-day absences from work, such as: regular and additional holidays; maternity leave; study leave; absenteeism due to illness; other absences permitted by law. Absences from work with the permission of the administration, absenteeism and all-day downtime are not planned. Step 4. Calculation of the average working day. To do this, the average working day reductions are subtracted from the established working day: due to a reduction in the duration of shifts at night, breaks in work for nursing mothers, a reduction in the duration of shifts when working in heavy, harmful, stressful, especially difficult, especially harmful and especially stressful working conditions, shortened working hours for employees under 18 years of age. Intra-shift downtime and time overtime not planned. Step 5. Calculation effective fund working hours for the calendar period in hours. To do this, the average length of the working day in hours is multiplied by the useful fund of working time in days. To analyze the degree of actual use of working time in the past period, the actual balances of working time are calculated (see Form 17.1). list number of staff is determined by the number of workers hired for permanent or temporary work for a period of one day or more for each calendar day.

Average number of staff per month, quarter, year (person) is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the payroll numbers for each calendar day of the period accepted for calculation according to the formula where Chs - n - 1 = 1 list number of staff for each day of the calendar period yes, person; number of days of the calendar period.? Indicator Plan Fact 1. calendar fund working hours, days 2. Holidays and days off 3. Nominal (personnel) fund, days. (p. 1 - p. 2) Absenteeism - - total, days. Including: Regular and additional vacations Study leave Absences due to illness Maternity leave Absences, absenteeism permitted by law with the permission of the administration absenteeism - 5. All-day downtime, days. 6. Useful (private) fund of working hours, days. (i. 3 - p. \ - p. 5) 7. Established length of the working day, h 8. Reduction of the working day - total, h Including: intra-shift downtime - reduction of the working day for night work reduction of the working day for adolescents 9 Overtime hours, h 10. Real working hours, h (p. 7 - p. B + p. 9) 11. Real (affective) working time fund of one employee, h (p. 6 x p. 10) thr numbers piecework workers (persons) are carried out according to the formula oSh1 ""SD" N^FPLK^" where Opl is the planned volume of production in physical terms, units; - planned production rate per unit of time, units. For each workplace calculation numbers temporary workers serving various equipment are carried out according to the formula Chll - A ^ YahK p-lovr „„ „ where A is the number of devices, machines, units; - С - number of shifts; ^ K, - the ratio of the nominal fund of working time to the secret; НХ is the maintenance rate according to the plan (the number of pieces of equipment that is subject to maintenance by one worker), units. If the scope of work or service standards cannot be established by the workers, they number calculated by the number of jobs. At the same time, they make a list of jobs, determine the needs of workers for each of them and multiply it by the number of jobs. For medium and large enterprises planned number employees are found for each of their functional groups based on standards numbers employees. After calculation numbers employees make up staffing. At headcount planning employees use centrally developed standards for various management functions. Among them: general (linear) management of the main production (Nl); development and improvement of product design or product composition (Hc); technological preparation of production (NT); providing production with tools and equipment (Ni); standardization and normalization of products, technological processes and other elements of production (No); operational management of the main production (Np); repair and energy services (Nr. 0); improvement of the organization of production and management (Nl.u); product quality control (NKK); technical and economic planning(N.,); material and technical supply, cooperation and marketing of products (H^; operational management of the main production (Hi); organization of labor and wages(Note); accounting and financial activities(Nb); staffing and training (NG1.K); occupational health and safety (Nt.b); housekeeping (Hx); general office work (Nd). Regulations numbers are established on the basis of taking into account factors that affect the amount of work performed by employees. The number of factors, as a rule, is reduced to 1-3. For example, the function "Organization of labor and wages" takes into account one factor - number industrial production a person la; according to the function "Technical and economic planning"- two: the number of jobs in the main production and the price of the main production assets; for the function "Materials and technical supply, cooperation and marketing of products" - three: number workers; the number of types of standard sizes of the main and auxiliary materials, semi-finished products, purchased products and manufactured products; number of suppliers and consumers. With the help of methods of mathematical statistics, for each control function, a dependence of the form Hch = p/ is established, where Hch is the standard numbers for this control function; K - coefficient taking into account the level of organization and mechanization of managerial labor, etc.; X, Y, P - values ​​of factors; a, b, / - exponents. Calculations are made for each group of specialists: technologists, mechanics, power engineers, economists, accountants, managers of various specializations, etc. Calculated on the basis of standards number employees can be adjusted depending on the characteristics of the enterprise.

49) Labor productivity planning methods

Indicator labor productivity reflects the degree of production efficiency. If the leaders of the enterprise are interested in ensuring its competitiveness, then one should not neglect the measurement labor productivity, and then planning to increase labor productivity. At the heart of the methods productivity planning the enterprise takes into account the factors of efficiency growth labor and identifying reserves for its growth. Detail growth factors labor productivity and reserves for its growth are discussed in paragraph 4.3. The following indicators are planned performance labor: growth in output (hourly, shift, daily, monthly, annual) as the ratio of planned output to the base (actual) output, expressed as a percentage; reduction in the labor intensity of the production program (labor intensity of a product, work, service) as the ratio of the base (actual) labor intensity to the planned one, expressed as a percentage. A possible reduction in the labor intensity of the production program is calculated for each item in the plan of organizational and technical measures to improve production. On the basis of the calculated amount of reduction in labor intensity for all positions, the increase in hourly output is calculated. It is determined by the ratio of the labor intensity of the planned scope of work, calculated according to the actual costs labor, to labor intensity, taking into account its reduction as a result of the implementation of measures to improve efficiency. The calculation is carried out according to the formula Ph = - ХІ00-100, Ті where П^ is the percentage of growth in hourly output; T0 - labor intensity of the planned scope of work, calculated according to actual costs labor, man-h / rub.; T, is the labor intensity of production, taking into account planned cost reduction labor, man-h / rub. If total labor intensity is calculated, then the overall growth in output is determined by multiplying the indices of its growth as a result of reducing labor intensity and improving the use of working time. If the enterprise takes into account only technological or production labor intensity, then the total growth in output is calculated taking into account the change in the share of the main workers (in the second case, all workers) in the total number of employees in the planning period compared with the reporting period by multiplying the indices. The calculation is carried out according to the formula П=/, -х100-100, ~С0 where GT is the percentage of growth in output per worker; 11 - index of growth in hourly output as a result of a decrease in labor intensity; 12 - index of output growth as a result of improved use of working time; C ~ specific gravity; the main workers (or all workers) in the total number of workers in the planning period; C0 - the share of the main workers (or all workers) in the total number of employees in the reporting period.

The result of reducing the total labor intensity is taken into account when calculating the planned number of personnel of the enterprise. Enlarged possible planning method productivity labor in certain areas of technological progress. It is based on the calculation of the dependence of growth labor productivity on the size and direction of investment in production, as well as the relationship between the dynamics of the indicator labor productivity and the dynamics of electricity, energy and capital-labor ratio labor. This method used for rough forecasting of growth rates labor productivity for the long term. Essence labor productivity planning method by factors is to identify their impact on productivity growth labor on the basis of determining the conditional number of laid-off workers, which is determined by dividing the actual volume of production by the planned output. The release of the conditional number of employees is the difference between the conditional and actual number of staff. First, the number of employees is established based on the planned volume of production and output achieved in the reporting period. Then the savings in personnel in the planning period are determined. Having calculated the staff savings, they calculate the planned number of employees and the planned growth labor productivity according to the following formula \-a where P is the planned growth labor productivity; a- relative savings in the number of employees (industrial-gtro-production personnel); Ai - the estimated number of employees, determined on the basis of the planned volume of production and the output of the base period. Change in the number of employees as a result of the increase technical level production is calculated by the formula a_("n-"b) Vya .. . ХІ00, БбКб where ій, ^ - costs labor per unit of production in natural or value terms before and after improvement (basic and planned), norm-h or man-h; Вн - the volume of products in terms of value, planned for release after improvement, rub.; Bi - the annual fund of working time of one worker in the base year, h; K6 - basic coefficient of performance of production standards. The reduction in labor intensity is achieved by reducing labor costs as a result of improved use of working time and * as a result, savings in the number of employees. The change in the labor intensity of products also occurs under the influence of changes in norms. The savings in the number of time workers as a result of an increase in service standards, taking into account the period for introducing new standards, is determined by the Nob formula.

b ^ ob.fact where 0 „ - the planned amount of equipment, pcs.; Ntsv.5, N0b 4a1P - service rate, respectively, before (basic) and after (actual) the introduction of new standards. Significant growth reserve labor productivity consists in reducing the loss of working time, about 2 /. h of which are intra-shift downtime, of which about 70% are due to poor organization and maintenance of jobs. In addition to intra-shift losses of working time, it is equally important to reduce day-to-day losses. These include absences from work due to illness, absenteeism with the permission of the administration, absenteeism and whole-day losses. The release of the number of employees as a result of a reduction in absenteeism is calculated by changing the useful fund of working time in the planned period compared to the base one: Dp - the number of days scheduled for working out by one average worker in the planning period; Вр is the share of workers in the initial number of industrial and production personnel, %; Chn - the initial number of personnel, people; 2ECH - planned savings in numbers, calculated for all groups of factors, people. The savings in the number of employees due to the growth in production volume is determined by the formula Ech = Ch6 (DCh-7): 100, where Chy is the number of PPP without the main production workers in the base year, people; I - planned increase in production volume, %; DC - the required increase in the number of PPP (without the main workers), accepted for calculation in connection with the growth in production volume. The change in the number of workers and the labor intensity of products is affected by an increase or decrease in the share of purchased semi-finished products and components (Pi) in the total volume of output. The change in the number of workers due to this factor is determined by the formula O _ K6 ~ Kp p 4 100-/Cy where K6, Kn - the share of cooperative deliveries in the output of the base and planning periods, respectively, %. When calculating the volume of cooperative deliveries, calculated in current prices, must be recalculated into constant prices according to the conversion factors adopted for this or directly according to price tags. Based on the change in the number of employees for all factors, the change is determined labor productivity.

Payroll planning

Planning funds on the wages involves the determination of the required wage fund (FZP) and the average wage for various categories of workers. The wage fund for a certain period is the sum funds, necessary for wages all employees of the enterprise during this period. The wage bill is calculated on the basis of the production program of the enterprise, the planned number of employees by profession and skill level, the established rates for piece work, the planned working time budget for one employee, the current tariff rates and tariff scales, applicable forms and systems wages, operating d payments and allowances, bonus provisions. Hourly payroll consists of wages pieceworkers at piece rates, time workers at wage rates, and payments for work at night, to non-released foremen for leading a brigade, etc. The daily payroll includes an hourly wage fund, for payment teens for shorter working hours and mothers for nursing breaks. downtime payment, payment marriage through no fault of the employee, d payment for deviations from normal working conditions, they are not included in the planned fund, but are reflected in the reporting fund of daily wages. The monthly payroll consists of the daily wage fund, pay for time of regular and additional holidays, compensation for unused vacation, d payments for long service, performance of public duties, payment severance pay upon dismissal, wages of employees seconded to other enterprises or studies, etc. Payment for all-day downtime is not planned, but is taken into account and included in the monthly salary reporting fund. The annual wage bill is defined as the sum of monthly wage bills. It makes up the entire wage fund of the enterprise. Enterprises should control the relationship between productivity growth labor and an increase in average wages. The first, as a rule, should grow at a faster rate than the average wage. The amount of wages per unit of output and its cost depend on this ratio. The amount of productivity growth labor with the planned wage growth rate, its share in the cost of production and the level of cost reduction can be determined using the following formula: P-S (100 + RFP) + RFP| Uzp where P - S - zp - planned productivity growth labor.%: planned cost reduction, %; planned growth of average wages, %; the share of wages in the cost of production.? The planned wage bill must be increased by the amount of the expected inflation growth in accordance with the wage indexation procedure adopted at the enterprise in connection with the growth of retail prices for goods and services.

At small enterprises and some part of medium enterprises, the planned wage bill can be determined by the direct calculation method. Initially, an individual wage bill is calculated for each workplace, taking into account the obligations of the employer to the employee in accordance with the agreement concluded with him. employment contract. The amount of wage bill for jobs forms the planned wage fund of the enterprise. Enterprises also use an enlarged method of planning wages and salaries, in which the planned number of employees is multiplied by the planned average wage for the enterprise. The value of the average wage depends on the policy of the employer in the field wages. AT payroll includes accrued amounts wages both in cash and in kind (when part of the wages are given out in the form of products manufactured by the enterprise) form, etc. payment and allowances, bonuses, other systematic payments ( payment food, housing, fuel, etc.), if they are provided for at the enterprise. With the method of enlarged planning payroll calculation of its value (rubles) is carried out according to the formula FZPp = FZPGA.P / S[,zp, where FZPp is the planned payroll fund for the personnel of the enterprise, rub.; FZPS - the basic wage fund of the personnel of the enterprise, rub.; - index of the number of employees at the enterprise; /av31] - the index of average wages in the planning period. Calculations according to this formula should be carried out for each functional group of personnel: employees (managers, specialists and other employees), workers (main and auxiliary), etc. An enlarged planning The wage bill based on the tariff and extra income to it. To do this, determine: the average tariff rates of piecework workers and time workers; average monthly salary of employees; extra earnings (mainly this is the amount of wages in excess of the tariff part due to overfulfillment of norms labor) to the tariff or salary; wage savings as a result payment on hospital foxes there and maternity leave from the social insurance fund; nominal fund of working time. The average hourly wage rates of pieceworkers and part-time workers are determined by departments by summing the wage rates for groups of workers and dividing this amount by the number of workers in each group. Average hourly rate wages workers as a whole for the enterprise (rubles) is calculated as a weighted average (per number of workers) of the average tariff rates in individual divisions of the enterprise: t cf "? H | where T<.р - средняя тарифная ставка по предприятию, руб.; - число рабочих в подразделении; л Т, - средняя тарифная ставка по подразделению. Также рассчитывают и средний месячный должностной оклад. Приработок к тарифу определяют на основе анализа отчетных данных и намечаемых улучшений в нормировании labor, reduction and elimination of payments caused by marriage, deviations from technology, etc.

n. Saving wage bill for the time when payment from the social insurance funds (for illness and maternity leave) is calculated using a coefficient that is calculated by dividing the annual number of absences due to illness and maternity leave by the annual number of attendances and absences. After calculating the payroll coefficients for each group with the same nominal working time fund, they are determined by the formula Payroll = Tav х FRVGOD.N0M х Kprir х Kek х n, where Т^ is the average hourly wage rate for the enterprise, rub.; FRVgod.nom - annual nominal working time fund, rub.; Kprir ~ coefficient of running-in to the tariff; KeK is a coefficient that characterizes the savings in the wage fund for the time when payment produced from social insurance funds; i is the number of workers. When calculating the Kprir coefficient for employees, it is taken into account payment them for the technical training of staff and temporary replacement. At medium and large enterprises, a combined method is used planning FZP - by direct account in combination with the normative method, when the share is set funds for payment labor in the price of products, either as a percentage or in absolute terms. When calculating the standard according to the basic initial data, the actual wage expense is adjusted for the planned ratio of the average wage growth index to the productivity change index labor according to the following formula: nc. /pt, where ЗПра1.х - the actual expenditure of wages, rubles; /Ср зп - index of growth of average salary; /pt - performance change index labor. standard wages are determined by calculating the wage fund required to carry out the production program and dividing it by the indicator of output. Wage standards are applied for no more than two or three years. With a longer period of their use, the calculation error increases. The planning of the wage bill by the considered methods has significant drawbacks, since it is carried out from the achieved level. With such planning the enterprise is not interested in reducing wage funds and achieving their rational spending. A more accurate standard for the increase in payroll for each percent with an increase in the volume of output. It is calculated on the basis of actual data for previous periods. Growth in production volumes should be estimated at comparable prices, and the growth of the wage bill - minus its growth due to inflation. By dividing the increase in wage bill for two or three years by the increase in production volumes, the normative increase in wage bill for 1% of the increase in production volumes is obtained.

The production program is the number of all types of technical impacts on the ATP for 1 year, expressed in man-hours. To calculate the labor intensity of the production program, it is necessary to use labor intensity standards (Table 6, p. 8 ONTP-ATP-STO-80) and correction factors for them (Table 8 and Table 10, p. 11,12).

Calculation of the labor intensity for the maintenance of the maintenance of the vehicle fleet

Labor intensity for SW is calculated by the formula:

T EO \u003d Y N G.EO t EO K REZ labor \u003d 36000 0.5 1.1 \u003d 19800 (16)

T EO \u003d Y N G.EO t EO K REZ labor \u003d 60000 0.5 1.2 \u003d 36000

Labor intensity for TO-1 is calculated by the formula:

T TO-1 \u003d Y N G.TO-1 t TO-1 K REZ labor \u003d 1056 2.5 1.1 \u003d 2904 (17)

T TO-1 \u003d Y N G.TO-1 t TO-1 K REZ labor \u003d 2260 3.2 1.2 \u003d 8678.4

Labor intensity for TO-2 is calculated by the formula:

T TO-2 \u003d Y N G.TO-2 t TO-2 K REZ labor \u003d 336 10.6 1.1 \u003d 3917.8 (18)

T TO-2 \u003d Y N G.TO-2 t TO-2 K REZ labor \u003d 720 12 1, 2 \u003d 10368

where t EO, t TO-1, t TO-2 are the accepted labor inputs (normative or established at the ATP), the corresponding types of maintenance, man-hours.

TO REZ labor. - the resulting coefficient of labor intensity.

CRES labor = K2 K4 = 1 1, 1 = 1, 1 (19)

TO REZ labor. \u003d K 2 K 4 \u003d 1.15 1.05 \u003d 1.2

where K 2 is a coefficient that takes into account the modification of the rolling stock and the organization of its work;

K 4 - coefficient taking into account the size of the motor transport enterprise.

Then the total labor intensity of the annual car maintenance program:

T TO \u003d T EO + T TO-1 + T TO-2 \u003d 19800 + 2904 + 3917, 8 \u003d 26621, 8 (man-hour) (20)

T TO \u003d T EO + T TO-1 + T TO-2 \u003d 36000 + 8678.4 + 10368 \u003d 55046.4

Calculation of labor intensity for current repairs of TR

car park

The annual labor intensity of work on current car repairs is calculated based on the mileage and labor intensity per 1,000 km of run:

UT TR \u003d UL / 1000 t TR K REZ TR \u003d 4611.6 3.6 1.1 \u003d 18261.9 (26)

UT TR \u003d UL / 1000 t TR K REZ TR \u003d 9882 5.8 1.3 \u003d 74510.3

where UL is the total mileage of the fleet of vehicles (trailers) for the planned period, by brand, km;

t TP is the labor intensity standard for the current repair of a car (trailer) per 1,000 km for a given type of car or trailer, man-hour.

K RES TP \u003d K 1 K 2 K 3 K 4 K 5 \u003d 1.1 1 0.9 1.1 1 \u003d 1.1 (27)

TO REZ TR \u003d K 1 K 2 K 3 K 4 K 5 \u003d 1.1 1.15 1 1.05 1 \u003d 1.3

Where K5 is a coefficient that takes into account the way the car is stored.

The labor intensity standards for maintenance and repair of rolling stock (for category I of operating conditions) are selected from Table 6 ONTP-ATP-STO-80 and recorded in Table. 3.

Tab. 3. Normative labor intensity of maintenance and repair of rolling stock (for category I of operating conditions)

The values ​​of K 2 , K 4 and K 5 to determine the resulting labor intensity coefficient K rez labor. choose according to ONTP-ATP-STO 80 tab. 8, tab. 10, tab. 12 pp. 11,12.

Table 4. The values ​​of the coefficients K 2, K 4, K 5

According to formulas 16 ... 22 and the found coefficients, we perform calculations of the labor intensity for TO and TR and enter the results in Table. (Appendix 2).

Planning the number of production workers

Production workers include working areas and sections that directly perform work on maintenance and repair of rolling stock.

The total number of workers.

The total number of repair workers N р.р. total is calculated by the formula:

Nr.r.total \u003d UTTO + UTTR / FW year k \u003d 26621, 8 + 18261, 9 / 1800 1, 05 \u003d 23, 8? 24 people. (28)

N s.r. total \u003d UT TO + UT TR / FR year k \u003d 55046, 4 + 74510, 3 / 1800 1, 05 \u003d 68, 6? 69

where is the FRV year. - the annual fund of the working time of the repair worker, h.

In term paper, take 1800 hours;

k - coefficient taking into account the growth of labor productivity. In calculations, take k \u003d 1.05? 1.08

The number of workers by impact zones.

The number of workers Ch r.r TO-2 in the zone TO-2 is determined by the formula:

Ch r.r. TO-2 \u003d T TO-2 / PDF year k \u003d 3917.8/1800 1.05 \u003d 2.1? 2 people (29)

Ch r.r. TO-2 \u003d T TO-2 / PDF year k \u003d 10368/1800 1.05 \u003d 5.5? 6

The number of workers Ch r.r TO-1 in the zone TO-1 is determined by the formula:

Ch r.r. TO-1 \u003d T TO-1 / PDF year k \u003d 2904/1800 1.05 \u003d 1.5? 2 people (thirty)

Ch r.r. TO-1 \u003d T TO-1 / PDF year k \u003d 8678.4/1800 1.05 \u003d 4.6? 5

The number of workers Ch r.r SW in the SW zone is determined by the formula:

Ch r.r. EO \u003d T EO / PDF year k \u003d 19800/1800 1.05 \u003d 10.5? 11 people (31)

Ch r.r. EO \u003d T EO / PDF year k \u003d 36000/1800 1.05 \u003d 19.1? nineteen

The number of workers Ch r.r TR in the TR zone is determined by the formula:

Ch r.r. TR \u003d T TR / RFF year k \u003d 18261.9/1800 1.05 \u003d 9.7? 10 people (32)

Ch r.r. TR \u003d T TR / RFF year k \u003d 74510.3/1800 1.05 \u003d 39.4? 39

We perform calculations based on formulas 29?32 and the results of section 1.2. and the results are entered in the table (Appendix 3).

Planning wages for repair work for the implementation of the production program for maintenance and repair of rolling stock.

Maintenance worker payroll

First of all, you should fill in Table 5:

Table 5. Average categories of work on maintenance and repair of rolling stock

Rolling brand	Type of impact	Medium rank

Based on the tariff agreement on road transport for 2002-2004, approved by the Ministry for Social Development and Labor, dated March 22, 2002 No. 1641 - VYa, we accept the following tariff coefficients (Table 6).

Hourly tariff rates of the first category are approved at the ATP by a collective agreement.

Table 6. Tariff coefficients and hourly tariff rates for repair workers employed in maintenance and repair of rolling stock with normal working conditions.

Payroll for workers in SW area

In the EO zone, a time-based - bonus system of remuneration has been adopted. Time wages are calculated using the formula:

ZP EO \u003d C h. (33)

ZP EO \u003d C h.EO cf T EO / f \u003d 41.6 36000 / 1.05 \u003d 1426285.

where T EO is the labor intensity of the annual program of ongoing EOs (clause 1.2.1.);

With h.EO cf - the average hourly tariff rate, rub./hour;

f is a coefficient that takes into account the increase in labor productivity. In the course work, take f = 1.05.

The average hourly tariff rate С h.ЕО avg is calculated by the formula:

With h.EO cf \u003d With h.EO 1 K tar. cf \u003d 40 1.08 \u003d 41.6 rubles / hour (34)

Average tariff coefficient K tar. cf is calculated by the formula:

To tar. cf = K tar. m + (K tar. b - K tar. m) (P s - R m) \u003d 1 + (1, 39 - 1) (1, 2 - 1) \u003d 1.08

Where is K tar. m - tariff coefficient corresponding to the smaller of the two tariff categories, between which there is an average tariff category;

To tar. b - tariff coefficient corresponding to the larger of the two tariff categories, between which there is an average tariff category;

R with - the average tariff category;

R m - the smaller of two adjacent tariff categories of work, between which there is an average tariff category.

The results are entered in the table (Appendix 4.)

Calculation of wages of workers in the TO-1 zone

In the TO-1 zone, a piecework - bonus system of remuneration has been adopted. The piecework wages of repair workers in the TO-1 zone are calculated by the formula:

ZP TO-1 sd \u003d R TO-1 sd UN g.TO-1 / f \u003d 191, 1 1056/1, 05 \u003d 192192 rubles. (36)

ZP TO-1 sd \u003d R TO-1 sd UN g.TO-1 / f \u003d 259.4 2260/1.05 \u003d 558327.6

where R TO-1 sd - piece rate for one TO-1, rub.

N g.TO-1 - the number of TO-1 carried out per year for the fleet of cars of each brand.

The piece rate for one TO-1 R TO-1 sd is calculated by the formula:

R TO-1 sd \u003d C CH.TO-1 wed t TO-1 sk \u003d 68.26 2.8 \u003d 191.1 rub. (37)

R TO-1 sd \u003d C CH.TO-1 wed t TO-1 sk \u003d 68.26 3.8 \u003d 259.4

where FROM CH.TO-1 cf - the average hourly tariff rate;

t TO-1 sk - adjusted labor intensity of one TO-1. Determined by the formula:

t TO-1 sk \u003d t TO-1 n K REZ labor. = 2.5 1.1 = 2.8 (38)

t TO-1 sk \u003d t TO-1 n K REZ labor. = 3.2 1.2 = 3.8

With Ch.TO-1 cf = With Ch.SD 1 K tar. cf = 43.2 1.6 = 68.26 (39)

To tar. cf = K tar. m + (K tar. b - K tar. m) (P s - R m) \u003d 1.39 + (1.7 - 1.39) (2.8 - 2) \u003d 1.6

Calculation of wages of workers in the TO-2 zone

In the TO-2 zone, a piecework - bonus system of remuneration has been adopted. The piecework wages of repair workers in the TO-2 zone are calculated by the formula:

ZP TO-2 sd \u003d R TO-2 sd UN g.TO-2 / f \u003d 869, 3 336/1, 05 \u003d 278176 rubles. (36)

ZP TO-2 sd \u003d R TO-2 sd UN g.TO-2 / f \u003d 1070 720/1, 05 \u003d 733714, 3

where R TO-2 sd - piece rate for one TO-2, rub.

N g.TO-2 - the number of TO-2 carried out per year for the fleet of cars of each brand.

The piece rate for one TO-2 R TO-2 sd is calculated by the formula:

R TO-2 sd \u003d C h.TO-2 cf t TO-2 n \u003d 74.3 11.7 \u003d 869.3 rubles. (37)

R TO-2 sd \u003d C h.TO-2 cf t TO-2 n \u003d 74, 3 14, 4 \u003d 1070

where C CH.TO-2 cf - the average hourly tariff rate;

t TO-2 sk - adjusted labor intensity of one TO-1. Determined by the formula:

t TO-2 sk \u003d t TO-2 n K REZ labor \u003d 10.6 1.1 \u003d 11.7 (38)

t TO-2 sk \u003d t TO-2 n K REZ labor \u003d 12 1, 2 \u003d 14, 4

Value K REZ labor. see clause 1.2.1 (formula 19).

The average hourly tariff rate is determined by the formula:

SC.TO-2sr = SC.SD1 Ktar. cf = 43.2 1.7 = 74.3 (39)

To tar. cf = K tar. m + (K tar. b - K tar. m) (P s - R m) \u003d 1.39 + (1.7 - 1.39) (3 - 2) \u003d 1.7

The calculation is carried out for each brand of car. The results are entered in the table (Appendix 4.)

Calculation of wages of workers in the TR zone

Piecework indirect wages for repair workers in the TR zone are calculated using the formula:

ZP TR k.sd \u003d R TR k.sd L total / f 1000 \u003d 314.5 4611600 / 1.05 1000 \u003d 138284 rubles (40)

ZP TR k.sd \u003d R TR k.sd L total / f 1000 \u003d 589.7 9882000 / 1.05 1000 \u003d 5549919.4

where R TP c.sd. - piece rate per 1,000 kilometers;

R TP k.sd. \u003d C h.TR cf \u003d 78.62 4 \u003d 314.5 rubles. (41)

R TP k.sd. \u003d C h.TR cf \u003d 78.62 7.5 \u003d 589.7

Ltot is the total mileage of the car park of each brand for the planned year, km. Determined by the formula:

L total \u003d l cc A cc D RAB b c \u003d 140 120 305 0.9 \u003d 4611600 km (42)

L total \u003d l cc A cc D RAB b c \u003d 180 200 305 0.9 \u003d 9882000

where b c is the coefficient of production of cars per line;

The adjusted labor intensity of one TR - is determined similarly to clause 3.1.2. :

3.6 1.1 = 4 (43)

5.8 1.3 = 7.5

The values ​​of the standard labor intensity and the resulting labor intensity coefficient in the TR zone are defined in clause 1.2.1. tab. 3 and formula (27);

C h.TR avg - the average hourly tariff rate in the TR zone; It is determined similarly to P. 3.1.2:

With Ch.TR cf \u003d With Ch.SD 1 K tar. cf = 43.2 1.8 = 78.62 (44)

To tar. cf = K tar. m + (K tar. b - K tar. m) (P s - R m) \u003d 1.7 + (1.9 - 1.7) (3.2 - 3) \u003d 1.8

We calculate the cost of wages for each brand of car and fill in the table (Appendix 4).

Calculation of allowances and surcharges

All types of bonuses and additional payments of a stimulating nature are determined independently by the enterprise within the limits of the funds for wages.

Surcharges for work in working conditions that differ from normal (when working at night, holidays, overtime, in adverse conditions, etc.) are paid in amounts not lower than those established by legislative acts.

Calculation of additional payments for unfavorable working conditions

Calculation of surcharges is carried out separately for repair workers employed at TO-2 and TR for each brand of car

Additional payments for unfavorable working conditions are calculated by the formula:

D negl.us.t then-2 \u003d C h.TO-2 wed · PDF year. (P neb. us. t + N r.r. neb.) / 100% =

74, 3 1800 (10 + 10) / 100 = 26748 rubles. (45)

D nebl.us.t tr \u003d C h.TR sr · PDF year. (P neb. us. t + N r.r. neb.) / 100% =

78, 62 1800 (10 + 10) / 100 = 28303, 2 rubles.

where C h.TO-2 cf, C h.TR cf - the average hourly tariff rate in the TO-2 zone, TR rub. (see calculation p. 3.1.3.); FW year. - see clause 2.1.;

P sky mustache t. - percentage of additional payment for unfavorable working conditions;

We accept P nebl. mustache t. = 10%;

N s.r. nebl. - the number of employees employed in jobs with unfavorable working conditions. In the course work, take the work on TO-2 and TR - 10%.

The calculation results are entered in column 4 (Appendix 4).

Calculation of additional payment for the leadership of the brigade to foremen who are not released from their main work.

The organization of the brigade is advisable if the number of workers is at least 5 people. The number of people in the team should not be more than 25 people.

Calculation of surcharges is carried out separately for repair workers employed in SW, MOT and TR for each brand of car according to the formula:

D br. tr = D br. month Nbr 12 = 1436, 83 1 12 = 17242 rubles. (46)

Where N br - the number of brigades;

D br. months - additional payment for the management of the brigade per month, rub.

D br. month = P br. · From month. I / 100% \u003d 20 7184, 16/100 \u003d 1436, 83 rubles. (47)

where P br. - percentage of additional payment for the management of the brigade. Take into account:

with a team of up to 10 people. - 20 %;

with a team of more than 10 people. - 25%;

with a team of more than 20 people. - 35%.

From a month I - the minimum monthly tariff rate for workers of the 1st category.

From a month I is determined by the formula:

From a month I \u003d C h. I · PDF month \u003d 43.2 · 166. 3 \u003d 7184. 16 rubles / month. (48)

where C part I is the hourly wage rate of a repair worker in the corresponding zone;

PDF month - Monthly fund of working hours. In calculations, take 166.3 hours.

We perform calculations. The results of the calculations are entered in column 5

Calculation of bonuses for performance, overfulfillment of quantitative and qualitative indicators

The calculation of premiums should be performed separately for repair workers employed in SW, MOT, TR for each brand according to the formula:

P pr eo \u003d P l · ZP pov. / 100% \u003d 40 784457, 1/100 \u003d 313782, 8 rubles. (49)

P pr eo \u003d P l · ZP pov. / 100% = 40 146285.7/100 = 570514.3

P pr to-1 \u003d P l ZP sd. / 100% \u003d 50 192192/100 \u003d 96096 rubles.

P pr to-1 \u003d P l ZP sd. / 100% = 50 558327.6/100 = 279163.8

P pr to-2 \u003d P l ZP sd. / 100% \u003d 60 2781284/100 \u003d 166905, 6 rubles.

P pr to-2 \u003d P l ZP sd. / 100% = 60 733714.3/100 = 3329951.6

P pr tr \u003d P l ZP sd. / 100% \u003d 60 1381284 / 100 \u003d 828770, 4 rubles.

P pr tr \u003d P l ZP sd. / 100% = 60 5549919.4/100 = 3329951.6

where P l. - premium amount, %.

Take into account:

In the EO zone - 40%;

In the zone TO -1 - 50%;

In the TO-2 zone - 60%;

In the TR zone - 60%.

The results of the calculations are entered in column 6 (Appendix 4).

Payroll calculation for all types of technical impacts

The payroll fund is calculated by the formula:

FZP damage eo = ZP damage. eo + P pr eo = 784457, 1 + 313782, 8 = 1098240 (50)

FZP damage eo = ZP damage. eo + P pr eo \u003d 1426285, 7 + 570514, 3 \u003d 1996800

where ZP povr eo - time wages (in the EO zone for each brand of car);

FZP sd to-1 \u003d ZP sd. to-1 + P pr to-1 \u003d 192192 + 96096 \u003d 288288 (51)

FZP sd to-1 \u003d ZP sd. to-1 + P pr to-1 \u003d 558327.6 + 279163.8 \u003d 837491.4

FZP sd to-2 \u003d ZP sd to-2. + D negl. mustache t to-2 + P pr to-2 \u003d 278176 + 26748 + 166905, 6 \u003d 471829, 6

FZP sd to-2 \u003d ZP sd to-2. + D negl. mustache t to-2 + P pr to-2 \u003d 733714, 3 + 26748 + 440228, 6 \u003d 1200691

FZP sd. tr = ZP sd. tr + D nebl. mustache t tr + D br. tr + P pr tr = 1381284 + 28303.2 + 17242 + 828770.4 = 2255599.6

FZP sd. tr = ZP sd. tr + D nebl. mustache t tr + D br. tr + P pr tr = 5549919.4 + 28303.2 + 17242 + 3329951.6 = 8925416.2

ZP sd. - piecework wages (in the TO-1, TO-2, TR zones for each brand of car);

Table 1 - The complexity of the types of work in the context of products.

Types of jobs	Labor intensity (standard hour)
Mechanical
Foundry
Assembly
For all jobs

Explanation: The calculation of the labor intensity of the annual production program or the labor intensity of finished commercial products (TTP) by type of work (standard hour) in relation to each product (A, B and C) is made according to the formula:

TTP=q* T,

where q- the annual production program for each type of product, pieces;

T- labor intensity by type of work for the corresponding product, standard hour.

1. Labor intensity of the annual gross output.

Table 2 - Norms of work in progress

Table 3 - Labor intensity of work in progress

Types of jobs
Mechanical
Foundry			19,2*1,3 =24,96
Assembly

Table 4 - Labor intensity of annual gross output by types of work

Types of jobs	Labor intensity (standard hour)
Mechanical	39580+55,8=39635,8
Foundry	28490+42,3=28532,3
Assembly	29200+38,9=29238,9
	39635,8+28532,3+29238,9=97407

Explanation: The labor intensity of the annual gross output (TVP) is determined based on the sum of the labor intensity of the annual marketable output by type of work and the labor intensity of work in progress. To determine the labor intensity of work in progress, it is necessary to determine the rate of work in progress according to the formula:

Hnp=Vc*Tts*Knz,

where Nnp - norms of work in progress;

Vc – the planned daily volume of production, which is found as the ratio of the annual output program to the working period for the year;

Tts - the duration of the production cycle;

Knz - cost increase factor.

Calculation of needs for fixed production assets.

Active part of fixed production assets.

Table 5 - Equipment by type of work.

Explanation: The required amount of equipment by type of work is determined based on the labor intensity of gross output and the annual fund of working hours. They are determined by the formulas:

Annual fund of working hours:

GFRV=Dr*s*t cm * ,

where dr- the number of working days in a year,

with- job shift

t cm- duration of the shift in hours,

R - percentage of scheduled downtime.

The operating mode of the enterprise is 2 shifts, the duration of the shift is 8 hours. With a 5-day working week and legal holidays, the number of working days per year is 250. The percentage of regulated downtime is 5%.

GFRV = 250*2*8*(100-5)/100=3800

The required amount of equipment by type of work is determined by the formula:

n= TVP/GFRV

To determine the accepted amount of equipment by type of work, the corresponding estimated amount of equipment rounded up to the next whole number.

Table 6 - Load factor by type of work.

Types of jobs	Load factor
Mechanical
Foundry
assembly

Explanation:

The load factor by type of work is determined based on a comparison of the calculated and accepted amount of equipment by type of work.

Table 7 - Equipment parameters

Name of equipment	Quantity	Book value of a piece of equipment, thousand rubles	Book value of all equipment, thousand rubles
				Depreciation rate, %	Depreciation amount, thousand rubles
lathe
injection molding machine
assembly table

Explanation:

The book value of all equipment (rubles) is determined based on the accepted amount of equipment by type of work and the book value (price) of a unit of the relevant equipment.

The passive part of fixed production assets.

The production area of ​​the workshop is determined based on:

Accepted amount of equipment by type of work (by equipment groups);

The overall dimensions of the unit of the relevant equipment.

To ensure the normal functioning of production, the size of the area for driveways, passages, amenity premises, etc. is taken. in the amount of 180% of the production area occupied by the equipment.

Calculation of the production workshop required for equipment:

St.st. \u003d 2 * 0.95 * 11 \u003d 21m 2

Sl.m. \u003d 2.5 * 1 * 8 \u003d 20m 2

Sm.st. \u003d 0.7 * 0.5 * 8 \u003d 2.8m 2

The area occupied by all equipment S \u003d 21m 2 + 20m 2 + 2.8m 2 \u003d 43.8m 2

The area of ​​passages of amenity premises, etc. S \u003d 43.8m 2 * 1.8 \u003d 78.84m 2

The total area of ​​the workshop S = 43.8m 2 + 78.84m 2 = 122.64m 2

The area of ​​​​the premises for the office (m 2) is determined based on:

The number of employees of the company working in the office;

Norms of area per employee, taken equal to 6 sq.m. per person.

The number of employees working in the office is 4 (director, deputy director for production, chief accountant and engineer).

Sof \u003d 4 * 6 \u003d 24m 2

The book value of the production premises of the workshop is determined based on:

The size of the production area of ​​the workshop;

The cost of 1 m 2 of the area of ​​the building of the production workshop.

The book value of an office space is determined based on:

The size of the office area;

The cost of 1m 2 of the area of ​​the building in which the production area is rented for an office.

Table 8 - Book value and depreciation of passive funds.

Passive funds	Book value, rub.
		Depreciation rate, %	Depreciation amount, rub.
Workshop production room	15000 * 122.64 \u003d 1839600 rubles.
Premises for an office	30000 * 24m 2 \u003d 720000 rubles.

The total amount of depreciation deductions for all objects for the year:

∑Ar \u003d 640000 + 432000 + 25000 + 73188 \u003d 1170188 rubles.