How to make money on lathes. Metalworking as a business. Five profitable directions for metalworking

Five profitable directions for business in metalworking:

Modern business related to metalworking.

In modern economic conditions, the metalworking business is gaining momentum and has the highest development prospects. This is due, first of all, to the fact that our life cannot do without metal products. Starting from a simple repair, where bolts, screws and nails are needed, ending with grandiose construction projects.

Metalworking technology is a process of transforming the shape of metals, their properties and qualities. For this transformation, there are various special equipment and machines. Accordingly, for different metalworking technologies, different machines and equipment will be needed, and, accordingly, different rooms in which such equipment will be located. It is also necessary to take into account the presence of the necessary labor resource, and alternative sources of electricity. These factors will also significantly influence the choice of a metalworking business.

AT modern conditions metalworking technologies are:
- casting;
- welding;
- various mechanical processing;
- processing of metal under pressure.

In order to understand what kind of metalworking you can do, you need to know what these technologies are.

Casting technology is the process of pouring molten metal into special and pre-prepared molds. Products, or objects that are obtained with this technology, are called castings. This is a very complex and expensive technology, and the business itself, using this technology, provides for very large financial investments. The casting production process itself is very complex, and each type of metal has its own technology. For example, the production of castings from non-ferrous metals requires special electric furnaces and other special equipment. Ferrous metals, blast furnaces, which are expensive to maintain and are very expensive. The casting market belongs to large corporations, so for a simple businessman it is not very strong.

Welding technology involves the connection of individual metal elements and parts, to give the overall integrity of any structure that is made of metal. Such a connection is achieved by using various types of welding, these are gas, electric, and the so-called soldering welding. This technology is not very expensive and any person who has certain skills and the necessary equipment can start this business.

Technology of various machining metal, involves the processing of the surface of a metal workpiece. These are drilling, cutting, grinding, and other machining. For this technology, various turning, drilling and milling equipment is used. Depending on the type of machining planned, investments in such a business can range from the lowest to medium ranges.
The next technology is metal pressure treatment. During pressure treatment, the metal is deformed and takes on the necessary shape without returning to its original state.

Under pressure processing, forging, stamping, drawing and other technologies are provided that are capable of deforming and modifying a metal workpiece. The business associated with such technology also requires certain financial costs, but very significant, therefore it is also suitable for an ordinary person who decides to engage in this metalworking technology.

As stated earlier, the most cost-effective and viable business in the field of metalworking is welding, various machining and metal forming under pressure. Metal processing by casting is very costly and time-consuming. In general, it should be noted that 60% of the entire metal processing market is occupied by mechanical processing. For mechanical processing, the following equipment is used.

The main share of the machining of various metals goes to turning with various machines, for which various lathes are provided.

Such processing means various cutting of metal, its trimming, various boring and turning.

For this purpose, the following machines are provided:
1. Turret machines. They are intended for the processing of bar metal. Their design provides for a special head, in which various special cutting nozzles are mounted, such as drills, reamers, cutters and countersinks.

2. Turning - screw-cutting machines. These machines are designed for cutting various threads on parts or workpieces. This is done by increasing or decreasing the rotation speed. The accuracy of the thread in these machines depends on the speed.

3. Frontal and carousel metalworking machines. Such machines are used for the production of various flywheels and various gears. From the practice of using these machines, it follows that they have a rather low processing accuracy. Therefore, they are very rarely used. Basically, such machines are replaced by automatic or semi-automatic lathes, controlled not by a person, but by a program.

The next type of machine tools are milling machines.

Such machines are designed for various processing of external and internal surfaces of parts and various workpieces. They are also used for cutting various channels and grooves in parts. The milling cutter in these machines is fixed in a special spindle, which rotates and processes workpieces or parts. Such machines are of the following modifications.

1. Universal milling machine. It is applied to processing of various surfaces not heavy, and average details. In such a machine, the table itself moves, it moves at different angles relative to its axis.

2. Horizontal milling machine. Its difference from the universal one is that its table can only move along the horizon of the spindle axis.

3. Wide universal milling machine, differs from the two described above, with an additional spindle head. This allows you to do additional processing by drilling or boring the part in parallel with milling.

4. The vertical cantilever milling machine has a vertical spindle, which greatly enhances its technical ability and various capabilities.

5. Longitudinal - milling machine, designed for processing very large parts or workpieces. It provides for the installation of four spindles at the same time.

6. Coordinate boring machine, designed for processing various parts and workpieces with high precision, and processing various complex elements. characteristic feature such a machine is the possibility of drilling, countersinking and turning parts.

Another type of machine tools are grinding machines.

Such machines are used for smoothing and leveling the surface of various parts or workpieces. Exist the following types grinding machines.
1. Centerless - grinding machines. These machines are used for processing various parts that do not have internal holes, as well as relatively long parts that are not very large in size.

2. Cylindrical grinding machines are used for various grinding of intermittent outer and smooth surfaces.

3. Surface grinding machines have found their application for circular and longitudinal grinding of parts. Special grinding wheel, it rotates.

4. Specialized grinding machines are made to create workpieces of a certain specified shape.

There are also machines that cut metal blanks to create high-precision products. These are the so-called band saws. On such machines, corners are created, pipes, metal circles and squares are cut.

As in every business, there are several promising areas in metalworking. In order to identify them, it is necessary to analyze the metalworking market, and the development of consumer demand for certain metal products. After analyzing the supply and demand, we can conclude that at the moment there are five promising areas in this business.

And of course - roll forming lines.

For the production of materials for arranging walls, roofing and building fences, entire lines can be used, which are installed in the workshop. Most Popular Product Lines - , as there are usually no problems with the sale of products. All profiled sheets obtained in production must comply with GOST. Such a profile is perfectly cut when covering four-pitched roofs, with virtually no waste. The most popular line for the production of C8 corrugated board. Such corrugated board is used for any fencing and cladding of horizontal and vertical surfaces (walls, fences). C10 corrugated board is no less in demand.

The most popular tile is Monterey. Such a roof can be found in different parts of our country. There are promising new metal tiles "Adamante" and "Finera", which are gradually crowding out "Monterrey".

For each such metal profile, a separate line is required. But some lines allow the production of 2 types of products: metal tiles and profiled sheets. For example, the line for the production of metal tiles "Cascade" rolls both metal tiles and profiled sheet C20 / 25.

The line consists of a roll decoiler, a roll forming machine, a shear, a receiving device and an automatic control system.

Uncoiler - serves to unwind a roll of metal and feed it to a rolling mill, where a corrugated sheet is formed. The receiving table serves as a stack of sheets for further packaging. The line is controlled by an operator with the help of ACS. Usually 2 people are enough to work on the line.

Video - Line for the production of metal tiles:

The first direction is metalworking, associated with the production of various screws, nuts, bolts, and self-tapping screws. These products are in constant demand, as they are used in various repairs, construction and other service industries. An analysis of the development of the market for specific services, such as repair work, finishing and construction work, as well as furniture production, allows us to say that this type of metalworking product is developing quite dynamically. The equipment that can be used to develop this business is not very expensive compared to other metalworking industries.

In the modern market for such equipment, there is equipment both used and new equipment. New equipment is presented in a wide range, ranging from domestic to high-class foreign.

To engage in such activities, you will need turning equipment.
Everyone knows that machines designed for these types of metalworking are of two types. The first type is machines with software, the so-called CNC machines, and machines without software, respectively, their prices are different. The most expensive machines of this type start to cost from 100,000 euros, domestic machines of this type from 1,000,000 rubles. The cheapest machines, of course, have already been used, and they can be bought as scrap metal. Then repair.

The second promising area of ​​metalworking is various welding and gas-cutting operations. About development prospects this business, you can say a lot, but it is also necessary to analyze the quiet industries where this type of metalworking is most in demand. First of all, it is during construction and repair work. Let's consider each segment separately. In modern construction business, there is such a thing as the performance of work under a contract and subcontract.

Its essence lies in the fact that a company that wants to build a multi-storey building may not have high-class builders, but may involve various contractors. Among these contractors are the most sought-after masons and people who know how to handle welding equipment. Therefore, not one construction site can do without high-class welders and cutters. In addition, a lot of welding work is also required when carrying out minor construction and repair work in private construction.

The next segment is carrying out various repair and installation works. Such work is required both in the small domestic sector and in the large industrial sector. Everyone knows that at large facilities, such as power plants, factories, equipment and various premises are periodically overhauled. When conducting overhaul, there is a dismantling of the old equipment, followed by the installation of a new one, or the installation of an old, but repaired equipment. Many large customers do not have such specialists on their staff, therefore, various contractors are involved for such work, in whose staff there must be welders and metal cutters. This segment is also characterized by the fact that the work is paid for at a very high cost.

Equipment for such a metalworking business is not very expensive compared to lathes. The list of such equipment includes various welding and plasma cutting machines, special tables with various functions, and, of course, combined machines that combine the functions of turning and welding functions. The equipment is presented by both domestic and foreign manufacturers. By and large, the cost of equipment will depend on the specific functions and power. Present on this market, as well as equipment that was in use.

The cheapest equipment is domestic and Chinese equipment. Foreign analogues from world leaders are, of course, much more expensive. The pricing policy will range from 20,000 rubles for a simple welding machine to 50,000 euros for complex equipment that can perform various functions, from simple welding to turning and grinding of welded parts. If we talk about average investments, in order to engage in this type of business, then you must first of all take into account the direction of such a business. After all, you can engage in simple welding, and get paid for 1 centimeter of the weld, or you can manufacture individual parts that will need to be not only welded, but also polished.

The third promising direction is the production of specific rolled products. Over the past 10 years, products made from various aluminum profiles have been in great demand. Take, for example, the production of plastic windows. They are made of aluminum profile, which has a special coating. In addition, various fittings and mosquito nets are made for such windows. There are other types of rolled products that are also successful. This is the production of aluminum profiles for construction. This type business in our country is well developed. Since the demand for its products is constantly growing.

In Russia, new houses are being built, in old houses and apartments, the owners are trying to replace outdated wooden windows with the latest metal-plastic windows. In addition, this business segment includes the production of wire, and small pipes. According to latest developments, various thermal systems for private heating, copper pipes and metal-plastic pipes are very successful in terms of heat transfer. Therefore, the prospect of developing a business related to the processing of metal in the form of its rolled products does not slow down, but, on the contrary, will increase them over time.

Of course, equipment for such a business is relatively expensive, but with a good marketing approach, you can count on its quick payback. The equipment market for this business is represented by a very large range of equipment and its manufacturers. This is, first of all, domestic equipment and imported. The pricing policy for such equipment is stable high level. This is probably due, first of all, to the profitability of such a business, and to the high technical requirements to the quality of manufactured products.

The list of such equipment is very long and, above all, depends on the type of product to be produced. First of all, these are various rolling lines, lines on which corrugated board is produced, special band saw equipment designed for cutting metal. Specific equipment designed for untwisting sheet metal coils, for winding wire, for the production of wire and products from it (nails, etc.).

The price of such equipment as mentioned above will depend on the application. Of course, the cost may be different, but you can invest in 2,000,000 rubles. For such a price, it is possible to equip any one production, for example, corrugated board or aluminum profile. For a full range of work with metal rolling, you will need from 2,000,000 to 12,000,000 rubles.

The fourth type of activity, which is of great relevance, is the production of some metal products, such as parts and other types of turning products. In terms of profitability and profitability, it is a very profitable production, but again, the cost of equipment is quite "biting". Such products are primarily relevant in the automotive market, as well as the market for various parts and accessories for doors, windows, furniture, and other joinery products.

Everyone knows that since 2010, the income of the population has grown significantly, so the demand for various household items and joinery began to grow. It is clear that a workshop for the production of furniture, or for the production of profiles for windows, will not keep special equipment for the production of various fittings. It is advantageous to purchase such fittings from other suppliers. Therefore, this type of business is promising in terms of further development. Equipment for such a business is not much expensive, and used machines can also be purchased for its development.

The equipment market for this type of activity is replete with various offers, ranging from old Soviet lathes to the latest imported machines, with all kinds of functions, and software equipment. As mentioned above, turning equipment is expensive, but an average machine with various functions can be bought for 100,000 euros or 1,000,000 rubles.

The last area that deserves special attention is flawless, metal processing by pressure. This direction includes all kinds of forging, and the manufacture of parts under pressure. Forged products are very much in demand nowadays. These are not only skillful fences and various fences, but also household items.

With the development of various shops and other outlets, cafes and restaurants, forging products are very popular. First of all, they emphasize the status of the institution and its financial situation. Forging items are various fences, household items, fences and gates, lampposts. Under the press, you can also make various blanks and rolled products (pipes and other products). In order to engage in this business, first of all, it is necessary to highlight in which direction the entrepreneur will work. If this is forging, then you will need a special furnace, and tools that will give the heated metal a certain shape. If an entrepreneur decides to choose a direction related to metal processing with a press, then it will be necessary to purchase a multifunctional press. It should also be noted that modern forging is of two types, cold and hot.

The equipment is presented by various manufacturers, and accordingly the pricing policy is different. The main equipment is bending machines, various presses, heating furnaces and special tools. Equipment for cold forging costs ranging from 15,000 rudders to 6,000 euros. It all depends on the manufacturer of such equipment. You can engage in forging in the old way, heat the metal in a furnace and give it a shape with the help of a plumbing tool. The cost of presses can range from 60,000 rubles to 400,000 rubles.

Summing up the main areas of business related to metalworking, it should be noted that each type of such business is very profitable, but you can engage in a complex of these areas, and thus immediately respond to the emerging demand for metalworking. The only negative that can affect the development of this business is the significant price of equipment and the constantly changing demand for products. Since demand directly depends on the income of the population. It should also be noted that there is significant competition. The density of various workshops associated with metalworking is very high.
Having considered all the pros and cons of this metalworking business, it is necessary to analyze how to open such a business correctly.

First of all, you need to know that if you position yourself from the point of view of a manufacturer, you will have to open an LLC and pay a significant amount of taxes. Therefore, it is better to do so just to become an individual entrepreneur.

In order to open a metalworking workshop, the following factors must be considered. The first factor is, first of all, the room. When choosing a room, you need to pay attention to the presence of ventilation in the workshop, serviceable electrical wiring, and fire alarms.

When opening a workshop where all this will be faulty, it will not work, for the reason that the regulatory authorities in the form of a fire inspection and a sanitary service simply will not give permission. The next factor is the recruitment of personnel to work on such professional equipment. Employees must have certain qualifications, which must be confirmed by special documents (diploma, certificate of rank assignment). This is primarily necessary to prevent various industrial injuries and disputes with regulatory authorities.

Before you decide on costs and profits, you need to develop a marketing strategy. Such a strategy will be based primarily on the needs of a particular type of metalworking in the area where such a workshop is opened. No need to save on advertising. Advertising is very important in this kind of business. In addition, it is necessary to have very detailed information about potential buyers of such products. For example, in a business related to forging, you need to have information about all the elite stores, retail space, and people who can pay for high-quality forged products. Owners of rich residential real estate. When producing a profile, various products, you need to pay attention to the presence of various companies that provide services for the repair of machines, carrying out construction works and installation work.

If the business is connected with turning, then you need to look for enterprises that will purchase turning products. In addition, you need to pay attention to the Internet. These are, first of all, various websites of companies. You can send to these pages commercial offers, with samples of work, as well as search for sites where various enterprises arrange tender purchases of works and parts. You can even try to create your own online store, but this should be done if there is a wide range of products. Products such as self-tapping screws, bolts, nuts, various construction profiles. Can be sold in various construction stores. But we must not forget about the availability of relevant state certificates.

So, summing up all this, it is necessary to determine what investments will be needed to open such a business. It should be noted right away that the exact investment will depend on the choice of business. Therefore, we will take the average value. Taking into account the purchase of equipment, the lease of a workshop, it will be necessary to have 2,000,000 - 15,000,000 rubles. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the number of workers and their wages. This is an individual value, and depends on the desire of the businessman.

In order to calculate the payback of a metalworking shop, it is also necessary to take the average value of all similar metalworking shops. So, based on the calculation of prices for certain types of metal products (raw materials), as well as the cost of final products, taking into account the resources spent, we can conclude that the payback of an average shop will be 1 year. It is clear that this is all approximate. In modern business, there is such a thing as business planning. This is done by special companies, whose staff includes various economists and analysts working in various areas of business.

Of course, each workshop and related equipment can change its cost. A striking example is the recent fall of the ruble on the currency exchange, which forces each manufacturer to drastically change the price tags not only for equipment and raw materials, but also for products. Therefore, in order to have complete information about the return on investment, up to one day a competent business plan can give. You also need to take into account that some entrepreneurs take a loan from a bank, and these are already different calculations, and a different return on investment.

Summing up all of the above, we can say with confidence that the metalworking business has a very profitable commercial component, but also certain difficulties associated with taxation and specific legislation. This business requires serious investments and an aggressive marketing policy. Only the perfect combination of these two components can lead to the success of this business and its further development.

New Business Ideas

Unfortunately, there are not so many types of private business in our country yet and they can be conditionally divided into three categories:

• Opening outlet(shop, stall and so on).
• Offer of services (hairdresser, establishments Catering, responsible storage of goods and so on).
• Manufacture of goods (carpentry or metalworking workshop, tailoring workshop, etc.).

The success of the first two categories of private business is characterized by both dependence on many factors (seasonality of demand, the need to maintain many contacts with suppliers, many sanitary and hygienic and regulatory acts that regulate the work of small companies, and so on), and extremely intense competition in the market.

As for the manufacturing sector, start a private manufacturing enterprise much easier and often cheaper. In the material below, prepared by our team, we will talk about opening your own turning shop.

Who will be the client of your turning shop

Turning products are in great demand not only among the general population, but also among other private entrepreneurs. Your potential clients will be:

• Construction or finishing teams.
• Stations Maintenance cars.
• Repair shops.
• Small private enterprises that do not have turners on staff, but experience a periodic need for turning products, for example, carpentry workshops.
• Implementers of "pieces of iron" in the market of your locality, owners of construction, hardware or auto parts stores, as well as other entrepreneurs working in the field of trade.
• Private persons.

As you can see, you will not have to suffer from a lack of clientele. This is due to the fact that it is simply not profitable for large turning shops to take on the execution of a one-time small order, since the cost of one product will “fly up to heaven” or the lead time for the order will increase tremendously due to the fact that it will be completed between batches. wholesale customers. Industrial enterprises will not even consider the application of such clients.

Finding a location for a turning shop

Because at the beginning of his entrepreneurial activity If you have to work with one-time customers who need one-off products, then you should take special care about the choice of premises. This could be your garage. garage cooperative, a container in the market, non-residential premises in a residential area or near a car service, and so on.

The advantage of such premises is the possibility free advertising and the presence of a “ready-made” base potential clients. However, some difficulties may arise. For example, when renting non-residential premises in the house, you will have to take care of having a separate entrance from the street or isolating it from the rest of the property of the owners.

The premises must be connected to a water supply and drainage system, as well as an electrical network with a voltage of at least 220 V. This will be quite enough for the operation of a desktop lathe and ensuring the sanitary and hygienic standards required by law.

Estimated costs to get started

The bulk of the costs required to open a turning workshop are needed for the purchase of technological equipment. It is quite natural that the newer the machines and the more functions they have, the higher their cost. The minimum set to get started is as follows:

• Desktop lathe - 50,000 - 60,000 rubles.
• Grinding machine - 9,000 - 10,000 rubles.

You will also have to take care of purchasing cutting and grinding tools, as well as the availability of rolled metal for the first time (bars of several sizes from steel of three to five grades).

After your enterprise is somewhat “strengthened”, you will be able to purchase other equipment necessary to expand the range of manufactured parts, focusing on the existing demand. For example, a HDTV furnace will allow elementary heat treatment of turned products (hardening, tempering, and so on).

Hiring

If you do not have the professional skills of a turner, then finding a suitable specialist can be difficult. This is due both to the lack of professionals in the labor market due to the fall in the prestige of working professions, and because of bad habits that the candidate will have.

To facilitate the search for a turner, we recommend paying attention to young people whose professional experience is at least three years, and no more than one and a half to two years have passed since their dismissal. To facilitate the dismissal of a candidate who did not fit according to professional or personal data, it is better to conclude labor contract for a period of one to three months.

Professional minimum requirements:

• Grade not less than the third.
• Ability to sharpen cutting tools.
• Knowledge of the design and capabilities of a lathe.

It is better to hire a turner who worked in a tool shop or repair service. In terms of his professional skills, such a turner of the third category is significantly superior to a candidate with the fifth category, who worked "on the program", that is, on an automatic lathe.

If you graduated from a vocational school, went to practice at the relevant enterprise, passed all the exams and received a diploma as a turner, then you should think about how to proceed. Today, despite the fact that very few representatives of the younger generation study for this profession, it is in great demand.

How to use the acquired knowledge and skills?

The essence of the work of a turner is the processing of parts on lathes. During the operation of the machine, the parts are in circular rotation. This profession is considered very ancient. According to historical information, the first lathe was created several centuries before our era. Machine tools with an electric drive, which became the basis for modern analogues, such as JET metal lathes, appeared only in the 19th century.

Today, the profession of a turner is not very popular among the younger generation. In this regard, an experienced turner with education is worth its weight in gold. Almost no production is complete without a turner. This profession is closely related to repair, communal, construction and other fields of activity.

Having such a stock of knowledge, you can use it to your advantage. The easiest way is to go to work for some enterprise and receive a stable monthly salary. Available online and in print media big choice such vacancies, which greatly simplifies the job search. Of course, there are other options that can bring in quite a lot of income.

Turning shop

Opening a turning shop is a good idea for a business, and most importantly, a profitable one. Considering high demand for such a profession as a turner, it makes sense to think about creating your own turning shop, albeit a small one. Creating such an enterprise is quite simple. Difficulty can only arise in financial plan, as JET metal lathes cost a lot, which is explained by their high productivity and quality.

First of all, you need to formalize your enterprise and find a room for a workshop. If you are going to create a small business that will have one or a couple of machines, then you can opt for a warehouse or even a garage. In order to ensure production, it is necessary to have a place to store raw materials and finished products, as well as the place where the lathes will stand.

If we talk about orders, then here it is worth submitting an advertisement to print media, in which you indicate the manufacture of parts on lathes. You can also independently reach consumers who need the products of a turning shop. With the right approach, you can create a large client base and secure long-term employment.