Production output is defined as follows. The average daily output of one worker formula is an example. Organization of a place to work

To determine the efficiency of production and its profitability, the formula for calculating labor productivity is used. Based on the data obtained, the management of the enterprise can draw conclusions about the introduction of new machines or changes in production technology, reduction or increase in the workforce. Calculating this value is very simple.

Basic information

Labor productivity is the most important criterion for assessing the effectiveness of workers. The higher it is, the lower the cost of producing goods. It is he who determines the profitability of the enterprise.

By calculating labor productivity, you can find out how fruitful the work of workers is for a given period of time. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to plan the further work of the enterprise - calculate the estimated production volumes, revenue, draw up a cost estimate and purchase materials for production in the required quantity, hire the required number of workers.

Labor productivity is characterized by two main indicators:

• Working out , which indicates the volume of products manufactured by one worker for a certain period of time. Often calculated for one hour, day or week.
• Labor intensity - on the contrary, it already indicates the amount of time that the worker spent on the production of one unit of goods.

It should be noted that an increase in productivity leads to a decrease in the cost of manufacturing products. Thus, with the help of increased productivity, you can significantly save on wages and increase production profits.

Calculation of production and labor intensity

The output depends on the average number of employees and the time spent on production. The formula looks like this:

B=V/T or B=V/N, where

• V
• T - the time it takes to make it
• N

Labor intensity shows how much effort one worker makes to create a unit of goods. Calculated as follows:

• V - quantity of the manufactured product;
• N - the average number of employees.

Both formulas can be used to calculate the productivity of one worker.

Consider a specific example:

For 5 days confectionary shop made 550 cakes. There are 4 confectioners in the shop.

The output is:

• В=V/T=550/4=137.5 - the number of cakes made by one confectioner per week;
• В=V/N=550/5=110 - the number of cakes made in one day.

Labor intensity is equal to:

R=N/V= 4/550=0.0073 - indicates the amount of effort that the confectioner makes to make one cake.

Formulas for calculating performance

Consider the basic formulas for calculating labor productivity for each of the situations. All of them are quite simple, but at the same time, the following nuances must be taken into account in the calculations:

• The volume of output is calculated in units of manufactured goods. For example, for shoes - pairs, for canned food - cans, etc.
• Only the personnel involved in the production are taken into account. So, accountants, cleaners, managers and other specialists who are not directly involved in production are not considered.

Balance calculation

The basic calculation formula is the balance sheet calculation. It helps to calculate the productivity of the enterprise as a whole. For its calculation, the main value is taken as the amount of work indicated in the financial statements for a certain period of time.

The formula looks like this:

PT=ORP/NWP where:

• Fri - labor productivity;
• ORP - the volume of output;
• NWP- the average number of workers involved in the process.

For example: an enterprise produces 195,506 machine tools per year, - 60 people. Thus, the productivity of the enterprise will be calculated as follows:

PT=195 506/60=3258.4, which means that the labor productivity of the enterprise for the year amounted to 3258.4 machines per worker.

Profit Performance Calculation

You can calculate productivity based on the profit of the enterprise. Thus, it is possible to calculate how much profit the enterprise brings in a given period.

Labor productivity for the year or month for the enterprise is calculated by the formula:

PT \u003d V / R, where

• Fri - average annual or average monthly output;
• IN - revenue;
• R – average headcount employees per year or month.

For example: in a year, the same enterprise earns 10,670,000 rubles. As already mentioned, 60 people work. In this way:

Fri = 10 670 000/60 = 177 833. 3 rubles. It turns out that for one year of work, each employee brings an average of 177,833.3 rubles of profit.

Average daily calculation

You can calculate the average daily or average hourly output using the following formula:

PTC=V/T, where

• T - the total cost of working time for the production of products in hours or days;
• IN - revenue.

For example, an enterprise manufactured 10,657 machine tools in 30 days. Thus, the average daily output is:

PT=10657/30=255. 2 machines per day.

Natural Calculation Formula

It can be used to calculate average performance labor per worker.

This formula looks like this:

PT \u003d VP / KR, where

• VP - manufactured products;
• KR - the number of workers.

Let's consider an example for this formula: the shop produces 150 cars per week. Works - 8 people. The labor productivity of one worker will be:

Fri=150/8=18.75 cars.

Factors affecting value

The following factors influence the value of labor productivity of an enterprise:

• Natural and weather conditions . The productivity of agricultural enterprises directly depends on weather conditions. So, bad weather conditions - rain, low temperatures - can reduce human productivity.
• Political situation . The more stable it is, the more attention is paid to the development of production, therefore, the productivity is higher.
• General economic situation , both enterprises and states, the world as a whole. Loans, debt - all this can also reduce productivity.
• Making changes to the structure of production . For example, previously one employee performed 2 or 3 operations, then a separate employee was involved in each operation.
• Application of various technologies . This includes not only the introduction of new machinery and equipment, but also methods and methods of production.
• Change in management team . As you know, every leader tries to make his own additions to the production process. Not only the performance indicator, but also the quality of the goods largely depends on his knowledge and qualifications.
• Availability of additional incentives - premiums, increased pay for processing.

In general, the productivity of any enterprise is constantly growing. This is due both to gaining experience and to building up technical and technological potential.

Video: Formula for calculating labor productivity

Learn all the intricacies of calculating labor productivity from the video below. It contains the main factors affecting the calculation of labor productivity, related concepts and formulas, as well as examples of solving the most common problems that an enterprise owner may face.

Labor productivity is the ratio of the volume of work performed or products manufactured to the time spent on its production by an enterprise, workshop, department or individual. Calculating it is quite simple, knowing the basic formulas and having data on the production volumes of the enterprise and the number of employees.

The effectiveness of the use of labor potential and efficiency production activities organizations characterize the indicator of labor productivity.

In Western practice, the term productivity is widely used as an indicator of the efficiency of the enterprise. Productivity acts as the ratio of the amount of goods, works or services produced (performed, rendered) for a certain period of time to the amount of resources spent to create or produce these products for the same period of time.

Labor productivity- this is the most important qualitative indicator characterizing the cost effectiveness of living labor; this is the amount of production produced for a certain period per employee or the cost of working time per unit of output.

Labor productivity, together with capital productivity, material intensity, production cost and production profitability form the basis of the system of indicators of the organization's performance.

The growth of labor productivity depends on many factors such as technical progress, modernization of production, improvement of professional training of personnel and their economic and social interest, etc.

The essence of labor productivity is characterized by analyzing two main approaches to the use labor resources and workforce: extensive and intensive approaches.

The extensive development of labor resources is characterized by the involvement in labor of persons who are not yet employed in national production or are temporarily not working for some reason, or by an increase in the working time budget.

The intensive development of labor resources, which provides for a reduction in costs per unit of output, characterizes an increase in labor productivity, which is an indicator of the degree of effectiveness of human labor costs in the production of the final product per unit of time. Labor costs per unit of time are the smaller, the more products are produced per unit of time.

Labor productivity analysis indicators

The main indicators for assessing labor productivity are traditionally:

• performance indicators;
• labor intensity indicators.

Product output indicator is calculated as the ratio of the volume of production (revenue) to labor costs and shows the volume of production per unit of labor costs.

There are average hourly, average daily, average monthly and average annual output, which are defined respectively as the ratio of production volume (revenue) to the number of man-hours (man-days, man-months).

Production rate in general view is calculated using the following formula:

Pv \u003d V / T

Where,
Pv - production output by one worker;
B - the volume of production (revenue) of the enterprise;
T - labor indicator.

The indicator of labor productivity can be expressed in the following measurements: in kind, conditionally natural and cost.

Each measure of labor productivity in the enterprise has its own characteristic shortcomings. Cost indicators are influenced by inflation and do not very clearly characterize real labor productivity; characterize labor productivity only in the manufacture of a particular type of product.

The inverse indicator of output is - labor intensity of products. It characterizes the ratio between labor costs and the volume of production (revenue) and shows how much labor is spent on the production of a unit of output. The indicator of labor intensity in physical terms is calculated by the formula:

Separately, we mention auxiliary indicators - the time spent on performing a unit of a certain type of work or the amount of work performed per unit of time.

Factor analysis of labor productivity

The most general indicator of labor productivity is the average annual production output by one worker, which is defined as the ratio of annual production (revenue) to the average headcount.

Consider the analysis of dynamics and efficiency labor productivity by example, for which we will make a table of initial data.

Table 1. Labor productivity analysis

No. p / p	Indicators	Unit rev.	Plan	Fact	Deviation from the plan (+/-)	Implementation of a plan, %
1.	Marketable products	thousand roubles.	27404,50	23119,60	-4 284,90	84,40%
2.	The average number of industrial and production personnel	people	66	62	-4	93,90%
3.	Average number of workers	people	52	46	-6	88,50%
3.1.	The proportion of workers in the composition of employees	%	78,80%	74,20%	-0,05	94,20%
4.	Time worked by workers:
4.1.	man-days	days	10764,00	9476,00	-1288,00	88,00%
4.2.	man-hours	hour	74692,80	65508,00	-9184,80	87,70%
5.	Average working day	hour	6,94	6,91	-0,03	99,60%
6.	Average annual output:
6.1.	per worker	thousand roubles.	415,22	372,9	-42,32	89,80%
6.2.	per worker	thousand roubles.	527,01	502,6	-24,41	95,40%
7.	Output per worker:
7.1.	average daily output	thousand roubles.	2,55	2,44	-0,11	95,80%
7.2.	average hourly output	thousand roubles.	0,37	0,35	-0,01	96,20%
8.	Average number of days worked per worker	days	207	206	-1	99,50%
10.	Average number of hours worked per worker	hour	1436,40	1424,09	-12,31	99,10%

As can be seen from the data in Table. 1, the fulfillment of the planned indicators of the average annual and average daily output of one worker differ by 0.4 percentage points (95.4% and 95.8%), which is explained by the deviation in the number of days worked compared to the plan. As a rule, whole-day losses of time affect the reduction in the number of days worked: by providing additional holidays, all-day downtime due to interruptions in the supply of materials or absence from work without good reason.

Compared to the planned values, the actual average daily output decreased by 0.11 thousand rubles and amounted to 2.44 thousand rubles or 95.8% of the plan, while the actual average hourly output amounted to 96.2% of the plan, i.e. decreased by 3.8 percentage points, which is lower than the reduction in average daily output.

The difference in the percentage of plan fulfillment between the indicators of the average daily output and the average hourly output of one worker is explained by a decrease of 0.03 hours in the length of the working day.

Let us determine the amount of losses from a decrease in production volumes due to an increase in all-day losses of working time. The indicator is calculated by multiplying the planned value of the average daily output by the deviation of the planned and actual values ​​of all working days worked. Due to all-day losses of working time (1288 days), the organization did not receive 3279.17 thousand rubles of commodity revenue.

The data provided make it possible to analyze the norms of unit costs for wages per ruble of products, to characterize the change in the level of the norm compared to the base period and the plan established for the reporting year, to consider the dynamics and deviation from the plan of the fund wages due to the increase in production.

Analysis of the average annual output per employee

per indicator average annual output influenced by such factors as: the share of workers in the total number of industrial and production personnel (PPP) of the organization, the number of days worked and the length of the working day.

Let us determine the influence of these factors on the average annual output of products by one employee according to the following formula:

GV \u003d Ud * D * P * CV

Where,
Oud - specific gravity workers in the total number of PPP,%;
D - the number of days worked by one worker per year;
P - the average length of the working day;
CV - average hourly production.

Using the method of absolute differences, we will analyze the level of influence of factors on the average annual production of products:

a) the influence of the proportion of workers in the total number of employees of the enterprise: ∆GV (sp) = ∆Ud * GVp

b) the impact of the number of days worked by one worker per year: ∆GV (d) \u003d Udf * ∆D * DVp

c) the influence of the length of the working day: ∆GV (p) = Udf * Df * ∆P * FVp

d) the influence of the average hourly output of workers: ∆GV (chv) = Udf * Df * Pf * ∆ChV

Let's use the data in Table. 1 and analyze the influence of factors on the average annual output per worker.

The average annual output in the reporting period, compared with the plan, decreased by 42.43 thousand rubles. Its decrease was due to a decrease in the share of workers in the PPP structure by 5 percentage points (the decrease in output amounted to 24.21 thousand rubles). Reducing the number of days worked by one worker per year, the length of the working day and the average hourly output. As a result, the influence of factors in the total amount is 42.43 thousand rubles.

Analysis of the average annual output per worker

Similarly, consider the dynamics of the average annual output of a worker, which is influenced by: the number of days worked by a worker per year, the average working day and the average hourly output.

In general, the influence of factors can be represented as:

GWr \u003d D * P * CV

a) influence of the number of days worked: ∆GWr(d) = ∆D*Pp*FVp

b) the influence of the length of the working day: ∆GWr(p) = Df*∆P*ChVp

c) influence of average hourly output: ∆GWr(chv) = Df*Pf*∆ChV

The analysis revealed that the most strong influence the decrease in the average annual output per worker was caused by the change in the average hourly output of workers - the change in this factor had the main impact on the decrease in the average annual output per worker in the amount of 24.41 thousand rubles.

Analysis of the average hourly output of workers

The average hourly output factor determines the indicators of the average daily and average hourly output of workers, which ultimately affect labor productivity.

The average hourly production is influenced by factors related to the change in the labor intensity of the product and its valuation.

The first group of factors includes indicators of unproductive time spent on correcting defects, organizing production and technical level production.

The second group includes factors that are directly related to changes in the volume of production due to structural shifts in the composition of products and the level of combined deliveries.

ChVusl1 = (VVPf + ∆VVPstr)/(Tf+Te-Tn)

ChVusl2 = (VVPf + ∆VVPstr)/(Tf-Tn)

Fwsl3 = (VVPf + ∆VVPstr)/Tf

Where,
VVPf - the actual volume of marketable products;
∆VVPstr - change in the cost of commercial products as a result of structural changes;
Tf - actually worked time by all workers;
Te - above-planned time savings from the implementation of scientific and technological progress;
Tn - unproductive time costs, which are made up of the cost of working time as a result of the manufacture of marriage and the correction of marriage, as well as in connection with deviations from the technical process. To determine their value, data on losses from marriage are used.

Using the chain substitution method, we calculate the influence of these factors on the average hourly output:

a) comparing the obtained indicator NVsl1 with the planned value, we determine the influence of the labor intensity factor due to the improvement of its organization on the average hourly output:

b) the impact of over-planned time savings due to the implementation of scientific and technical progress measures:

c) the impact on the level of average hourly output of unproductive time costs is defined as:

d) change in average hourly output due to structural shifts in production:

Let us calculate the influence of these factors on the average hourly output:

Thus, the decrease in the indicator was primarily influenced by the decrease in labor intensity, against the background of an increase in average hourly output due to time savings due to the implementation of scientific and technical progress measures. In general, the considered output indicator decreased by 0.01 thousand rubles compared to the plan.

We summarize all the above calculations for factor analysis in the form of a table.

Table 2. Factor analysis of labor productivity

Factor	Changes due to a factor
	Change in average hourly output, thousand rubles	Change in average annual output per worker, thousand rubles	Change in average annual output per worker, thousand rubles	Change in output, thousand rubles
1. Number of staff				-1 660,88
2. Average annual output of one worker				-2 624,02
Total				-4 284,90
2.1. Share of workers			-24,21	-1 501,18
2.2. Number of days worked by one worker per year		-2,55	-1,89	-117,11
2.3. Working hours		-1,97	-1,46	-90,7
2.4. Change in the average hourly output of workers		-19,89	-14,76	-915,03
Total		-24,41	-42,32	-2 624,02
2.4.1. Organization of production (labor intensity)	-0,02	-34,26	-25,42	-1 575,81
2.4.2. Raising the technical level of production	0,02	27,09	20,1	1 245,94
2.4.3. Unproductive working hours	-0,01	-19,03	-14,12	-875,2
2.4.5. Production structure	0,00	6,31	4,68	290,04
Total	-0,01	-19,89	-14,76	-915,03

An important reserve for increasing labor productivity is the saving of working time. In this case, a decrease in the average hourly productivity of workers was revealed due to a decrease in the indicators of the organization of production (labor intensity). The positive impact from the introduction of more advanced technologies that reduce the labor costs of the enterprise (savings in the reporting period amounted to 3,500 man-hours) did not allow increasing the average hourly productivity of workers. Factors of unproductive expenses of working time also had a negative impact. They consist of the time spent on the production and repair of marriage.

It should be noted that labor productivity may decrease with a significant share of a newly developed product or due to the introduction of measures to improve its quality. Since, to improve the quality, reliability or competitiveness of the goods, additional costs of funds and labor are required. The gain from sales growth, higher price level, as a rule, covers the losses from lower labor productivity.

Bibliography:

1. Grishchenko O.V. Analysis and diagnostics of the financial and economic activities of the enterprise: Tutorial. Taganrog: Publishing House of TRTU, 2000
2. Savitskaya G.V. Analysis of the economic activity of the enterprise: a textbook. - 4th ed., revised. and additional - M.: INFRA-M, 2007.
3. Savitskaya G.V. Economic analysis: studies. - 11th ed., Rev. and additional - M.: New knowledge, 2005

Labor productivity for the year or month for the enterprise is calculated by the formula: PT \u003d B / R, where

• PT - average annual or average monthly output;
• B - revenue;
• P - the average number of employees for the year or month.

For example: in a year, the same enterprise earns 10,670,000 rubles. As already mentioned, 60 people work. Thus: Fri \u003d 10,670,000/60 \u003d 177,833. 3 rubles. It turns out that for one year of work, each employee brings an average of 177,833.3 rubles of profit. Average daily calculation You can calculate the average daily or average hourly output using the following formula: PTC=W/T, where

• T - the total cost of working time for the production of products in hours or days;
• B is revenue.

For example, an enterprise manufactured 10,657 machine tools in 30 days. Thus, the average daily output is equal to: PST=10657/30=255. 2 machines per day.

• Methods for calculating labor productivity
• How to calculate labor productivity in an enterprise?
• The formula for the average annual output of one worker
• Key indicators and formula for calculating labor productivity
• Labor productivity, production and labor intensity
• Labor productivity analysis

Output per 1 employee: formula, norms and calculations The formula for calculating labor productivity according to the balance is as follows: PT \u003d (line 2130 * (1 - Kp)) / (T1 * H). Analysis Calculated indicators allow for a comprehensive analysis of labor productivity at the enterprise.

Output per 1 employee: formula, norms and calculations

• Dp \u003d (Df - Dp) * Bf * Tp - daily.
• Tp \u003d (Tf - Tp) * Df * Chf * H - hourly.

The reasons for such losses may be absenteeism from work with the permission of the administration, due to illness, absenteeism, downtime due to lack of raw materials or equipment malfunction. Each of these reasons is analyzed in detail. The reserve for increasing the PDF is to reduce losses that depend on the workforce. Separately, time losses are calculated in connection with the manufacture and correction of rejected products according to the following algorithm: - the share of workers' wages in the production cost; - the amount of salary in the cost of marriage; - the share of workers' wages in the cost price minus material costs; - the share of wages of workers involved in the correction of marriage; - average hourly wage; - time spent on making and repairing defects.

Average annual output per worker

You will need

• - calculator.

Instruction 1 If you plan to transfer all employees or a separate group from the payment of a fixed salary to work from production, determine the average number of products for one or a group of people who produce the same product, on the same equipment and have equivalent qualifications. 2 For the calculation, one, three, six or twelve month labor productivity indicators can be used. The most accurate results in determining the average output are achieved by conducting a long-term analysis over one year. 3 Add the number of products that one worker produced in 12 months, divide by the number of hours spent on production. The result will be equal to the average output per hour.

Production output per 1 worker calculation formula

• Where, Eh is the planned savings in the number of employees;
• Hr - the number of specialists involved in the production process.

The calculation for one employee is carried out as follows: Δ IN = x 100 percent of the content Example For an example of the practical use of labor productivity, it is worth considering the following situation. back to contents Task The manager of the enterprise was given the task to determine to what extent the labor productivity coefficient could change in the planned period, provided that during the reporting time slice products were created for a total of 2.5 million rubles. The number of employees involved is 1,350 people.

Average daily output of one worker formula example

The output and labor intensity evaluate the actual work of the staff, according to the results of the analysis, it is possible to identify resources for the development and growth of productivity, as well as for saving working time and reducing the number of employees. The productivity index reflects the change in performance in the current period compared to the previous one. It is extremely important for performance evaluation. The level of productivity depends not only on the competence and ability of employees, but also on the level of material equipment, financial flows and other factors. In general, labor productivity needs to be constantly improved.
Enterprise performance analysis, page 10 Availability of resources The number of employed people in the enterprise is of great importance.

Enterprise performance analysis, page 10

Thus, it can be seen that in 2008 the plan was underfulfilled by 10 rubles, that is, people did not fit into the planned values ​​and produced less, but already in 2009, in fact, annual output increased by 101 rubles, that is, the plan was overfulfilled. The underfulfillment of the plan is explained mainly by the days actually worked. Instead of the planned 220 days, each worker worked on average for 215 days, respectively, the enterprise lost 5 days (or 27.6 rubles of average annual output).

But also as a result of an increase in the number of man hours worked by an employee, the average annual output increased by 17.6 rubles, but this still did not lead to the fulfillment of the plan. In turn, the situation in 2009 is explained by the increase in the average hourly output at a faster pace than the decrease in the number of days of work, and also the expanded composition of workers gives an increase in output.

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Important

Equipment workers: N = Number of units * Number of workers in this area * Load factor. Analysis of the qualification level The number of employees by profession is compared with the normative one. The analysis reveals a surplus (shortage) of workers in a particular profession.

The skill level score is calculated by summing tariff categories for each type of work. If the actual value turns out to be lower than planned, then this will indicate a decrease in product quality and the need to improve the skills of personnel. The opposite situation suggests that workers need to be paid extra pay for qualifications.

Managerial personnel are checked for compliance with the level of education of the position held. The qualification of an employee depends on age and experience. These parameters are also taken into account in the analysis.

How to find the average annual output of one worker

Attention

You can multiply it by the number of hours in a work shift to get an average number, which will be the rate of output per employee. If you multiply the result by the number of work shifts in a month, this will help you determine the average output per month. 4 To determine the average output when working in a team method, add up the result of output for one year by a group of people with the same qualifications, grade and working on the same equipment. 5 Divide the resulting figure by the number of working hours in the billing period and by the number of personnel involved in the production. You will get an average output per hour. When multiplied by the number of working hours in a shift, you get the average daily output, by the number of hours in a month - the average monthly output.

How to find the average annual output of one worker

The concept of the average annual output of one worker The formula for the average annual output of one worker is of great importance and is used in calculating such an indicator as labor productivity in an enterprise. The output is directly proportional to the productivity of labor. For this reason, the more products each worker produces (a unit of labor costs), the higher productivity becomes.
The formula for the average annual output of one worker is presented in following form: B \u003d Q / T Here B is the output indicator, Q is the total cost (quantity) of products manufactured per year; T - labor costs for the release of a given volume of products. Features of the calculation of output In order to calculate labor productivity, the enterprise measures labor costs and the volume of output.

How to find the average annual output of one worker

Labor intensity should be analyzed not only with planned indicators, but also with other enterprises in the industry. Production and labor intensity reflect the results of real work, on the basis of which it is possible to identify resources for development, increasing productivity, saving time, and reducing the number. Productivity index This is another indicator of the performance of employees.
It shows the rate of productivity growth. ΔPT = [(B1 - B0) / B0] * 100% = [(T1 - T1) / T1] * 100%, where:

• B1 - the average annual output of one employee in the reporting period;
• T1 - labor intensity of the reporting period;
• B0 is the average annual output of a worker in the base period;
• T0 is the labor intensity of the base period;

As can be seen from the above formulas, the index can be calculated from the output and productivity data.

Currently, many tools have been developed to analyze their own performance. These indicators include labor productivity. Its calculation formula is simple. And the result will show how effective the work of the staff is.

Performance

Labor productivity is an indicator of labor efficiency. It determines the result of labor in quantitative terms at a certain point in time.

The following indicators speak about labor productivity:

• production;
• laboriousness;
• labor productivity index.

These indicators will reveal how many units of products can be sold (produced) in the company. Based on these data, it is possible to generate a production forecast, build a sales plan.

How to define output?

Output is the total amount of work performed by one employee. This indicator can measure the results of the sale of goods, services, production.
You can calculate the production rate by two values:

• the average number of employees participating in manufacturing process;
• time spent creating the product.

In the first variant, the calculation of production will be as follows: V=V/N

B - production;

V - the amount of work performed;

N is the average number of specialists directly involved in production.

The second option (based on the time spent): B = V / t

B - production;

V - volume of released works (actual release finished products);

t - actual labor costs per unit of time of interest.

How to define labor intensity?

Labor intensity - the amount of time spent by one worker on the production of one unit of service (goods). That is, it is the inverse coefficient in relation to production.

T - labor intensity;

N is the number (average) of specialists;

You can calculate the indicator per worker. Then the value of N must be equal to one.

T - labor intensity based on the time spent;

t - actual labor costs per unit of time of interest;

V - the volume of the released product (the result of work or service).

Labor productivity. Calculation formula

Several formulas have been developed for calculating labor productivity. When calculating according to any formulas, it is necessary to take into account that:

• the volume of manufactured products should be calculated in units of manufactured goods;
• only those personnel who are directly involved in production are taken into account (managers, lawyers, etc. are not taken into account).

The calculation of labor productivity, taking into account the factors of labor intensity and output, can be made using the formulas:

In terms of labor intensity: PT \u003d (V * (1 - Kp)) / (T1 * H)

PT - labor productivity;

T is the labor intensity of one worker;

Kp - downtime ratio;

V is the volume of output;

N is the average number of personnel.

Taking into account the production: PT \u003d [(In - Wb) / Wb] * 100%

PT - percentage performance indicator;

In - product development in the reporting period;

Wb - production output in the base period.

Labor productivity. Balance formula

To calculate labor productivity indicators, you can use the balance sheet data of the organization. For example, an indicator of the volume of production.

Balance calculation formula: PT = (V * (1 - K p)) / (T * N)

V - the volume of manufactured products according to the balance sheet (reflected in line 2130);

Kp - downtime, coefficient;

T - labor costs of one employee;

N is the average number of employees.

In the process of carrying out labor activity, such a concept as the production rate arises. It is not applicable to all sectors of the economy, but is a very important indicator when calculating the wages of an employee. Most often used exclusively for manufacturing enterprises. About where and how the production rate is used, we will discuss further.

Theoretical concepts

In any case, labor regulation is necessary. How to assign a salary to an employee? Based on what data and indicators? For the first time, J. Keynes thought about this at the dawn of economic theory. Now rationing is being done in any industry, and recommendations for this are indicated in normative documents.

In fact, the output rate determines how many units of output one person must make in the time allotted to him. The parameter is calculated in physical terms: tons, pieces, kilograms, meters, and so on. Despite the fact that there is a single approach to the formation of the production rate, it is completely different for each sector of the economy. At the state level, only practical advice, but specific indicators are set directly at the enterprise and are regulated by a collective agreement.

The procedure for developing a production rate for the food industry

At enterprises Catering It is customary to assume that the work of any cook is estimated in the number of dishes prepared. This approach helps to objectively assess what time, resources and labor costs were necessary to create a particular product. In the regulatory documents for the food industry, special labor intensity factors have been developed, without which it is impossible to calculate the production rate.

The coefficient of labor intensity of the food industry

The labor intensity coefficient shows how much time is needed to prepare one dish in relation to the dish, taken as a unit of labor intensity. In other words, there is a single parameter taken as a unit, and all the rest are equated to it.

For example, the simplest chicken soup in the amount of one serving is cooked for 100 seconds. This is a unit. Milk soup will take 90 seconds, in which case the labor input will be already 0.9. Timing helps to set such limits. But in order for public catering enterprises not to waste their time studying the standards, the state services did it all for them, and now all the norms and labor intensity factors for the food industry can be found in the regulatory documents.

Yield formula for the food industry

The output rate (formula) has approximately the same form for all sectors of the economy. For its calculation, indicators of the duration of the work shift, the time spent on manufacturing a unit of production, the time for preparation, rest, and so on are used. Let's take an example for the food industry. The formula is shown in the figure:

The required parameters are:

H in - production rate;

T pz - time for the preparatory stage, min;

T obs - the time required to service the workplace, min;

T ex - time spent on personal needs, min;

T op - calculated time per unit of production, min.

In general, it does not matter in which dimension to carry out the calculations. You can use minutes, seconds or hours.

Example

The following initial parameters are given:

In total, one cook spends 25220 s to make a curd cake. The preparatory time takes 1260 s, the preparation of the workplace and the necessary materials costs 1008 s. In breaks for rest and personal needs, it takes 1260 s. According to the timing specified in the regulatory documents, 32.39 seconds should be spent on the manufacture of one unit of cottage cheese cake. Find the rate of production.

We substitute the data in our formula and get the result:

H in \u003d (25220 - (1260 + 1008 + 1260)) / 32.39 \u003d 671 pcs.

Thus, one cook is able to produce 671 units of cottage cheese cake in one shift. The results obtained serve as an assessment of labor productivity and are the main data for payroll calculation.

Production rates for cleaners of non-industrial premises

Let's consider another example. Cleaning of industrial premises is carried out according to approximately the same plan, therefore, data from a real-life enterprise, for example, the beer and non-alcoholic industry, are taken as a basis.

The calculation of the production rate is made taking into account the following points:

• basic operations: washing and sweeping floors, washing and wiping walls, windows, doors;
• cleaning rooms: technological workshops and auxiliary areas;
• characteristics of cleaning objects: material of manufacture, labor intensity during work;
• for optimal work time 8 hour shift is taken.

Calculation formula for cleaning industrial premises

Directly at the enterprise, their own measurements of time are carried out when calculating production rates. This is done in order to most accurately understand how many minutes or hours it takes to wipe windows, for example, 1 by 1 m or 2 by 3 m in size. The same is true for floors. Tiled flooring without chips and cracks is removed much faster than its concrete counterpart. Consider how the production rate (formula) for industrial premises is calculated:

You need to know the following parameters:

H in - production rate;

T cm - the duration of one shift, min;

T obs - the time required to service the workplace during the shift, min;

T otd - time spent on rest, min;

T ln - time for a break for personal needs, min;

T op - calculated time for cleaning 1 sq. m area, sec;

k - coefficient, which is taken into account when cleaning several rooms. It shows how much time a worker spends when moving from one hall to another. Actually set by a stopwatch.

General requirements for production workshops before harvesting

The above indicated production standards will make sense if a number of requirements for production premises. As we understand, in the workshop, where work is in full swing all day long, everything should be put in order by the end of the shift. This time is taken into account by the worker standing behind the machine, and not by the cleaner. So let's bring General requirements to production facilities:

• at the entrance there must be special floor grates or rugs that collect dirt from the street;
• floors should be repaired in a timely manner when cracks and potholes appear;
• all transport trolleys must have rubber wheels that do not damage the floor;
• walls must be made in accordance with the standards adopted public services(painted with paint or covered with light tiles);
• garbage and broken containers must be removed by the employee in appropriate containers;
• special attention is paid to the norms of the distance between the equipment;
• All employees must monitor their workplace and keep it clean.

Conclusion

Determining the production rate is of key importance for enterprises today. Many experts believe that well-established quantitative boundaries infringe on workers, preventing them from expressing themselves and increasing their productivity. But at the same time, labor rationing will not be canceled soon, because it the only way wage regulation.

Another issue is that standards should be reviewed regularly to reflect new conditions or more productive equipment. Another nonsense today in reality production structures- most of the time standards are set according to the samples. There may be more difficult conditions in the workshop, which will entail a great waste of time, which means failure to comply with the standards. Consideration of all factors when measuring the timing of time is a fundamentally important task for calculating the production rate.