What does a completed business plan look like? Samples for drawing up a business plan with detailed calculations. Daily housing rental

Why do you need a business plan? Most will probably answer - to get a loan from a bank. This statement is true, but only partly. First of all, the entrepreneur himself needs a plan in order to understand the size of the initial investment for starting, how long it will take to reach self-sufficiency and forecast revenue indicators, assess the level of profitability, payback period of investments and many other parameters.

Very often, a beginning businessman (and not only beginners) does all planning and calculations “by eye” on a napkin or in his head (and sometimes does not do it at all), forgetting about many costly items, which results in many mistakes and leads to bankruptcy.

Typical mistakes: when determining investments, the costs of financing activities before reaching self-sufficiency are not taken into account, the amount of inventory is incorrectly determined (the amount of goods and materials is set for one month, and based on the turnover period, reserves for 3 months are required), taxes and insurance contributions are not taken into account in the calculation of the wage fund , the need for personnel is incorrectly calculated and many others.

A correctly drawn up business plan with detailed calculations is the key to a successful start in any business activity, which will allow you to cut out unprofitable options at the forecasting stage and, as a result, protect yourself from losing your own investments or the funds of the investor (creditor).

Let's say you plan to install, the calculation shows that the full payback will be 5 years, it is obvious that this will not be the right investment, it is unlikely that the machine will work without breakdowns for such a period of time. (For reference: the optimal payback for this type of activity is 12-18 months.)

What’s better – buy a ready-made business plan or make it yourself? If we are talking about a small business, then you definitely need to do it yourself. This will allow you to dive deeper into the project, understand its essence, and sort out the economics of future activities for yourself. Well, if you want to organize a production that requires multi-billion dollar investments, then you cannot do without the help of specialists.

On the site you will find samples of ready-made business models with all the calculations, which you can use as the basis for drawing up a feasibility study for your specific project.

Algorithm of actions

1. Familiarization with the provided sample feasibility study.
2. Collection of statistical data for a specific region where business activities will be carried out.
3. Conducting marketing research: identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the project ().
4. Updating information on the economic part: searching for potential and raw materials, requesting commercial proposals, recalculating costs and determining the final price based on current market realities, as well as determining the level of profitability.
5. Conducting a stress test of the figures reflected in the calculation (what will be the payback if the revenue is N percent less than planned). Based on the data obtained, drawing up several options for the development of the event: conservative, realistic and optimal.
6. carrying out economic activities.
7. Choosing the most profitable one (studying legal schemes to reduce the tax burden).

Based on the analysis and generalization of the information received, you draw up your own economic justification for the project, with the help of which you can determine the feasibility of investing money.

Please note that you can download any business plan you like for free. If there is no download form somewhere, you can ask a question through a special form, and within a short time we will add this feature. Through this form, you can also clarify any point regarding the described model, and we will try to find a specialist to provide competent advice on the point that interests you.

I am glad to welcome regular readers and new audiences! Today we will continue the conversation about starting your own business. To help you, I offer a ready-made business plan with calculations for small businesses. And those who are used to relying on themselves will learn how to correctly compose it from scratch and adapt it for a specific case. When you read the article to the end, there will be no questions left!

Key factors for the success of a business plan: 3 main rules

A business plan is a document that brings an idea to implementation in a form understandable for an entrepreneur and investors. It analyzes the situation and describes the mechanisms of the systems involved.

The basis for drawing up the plan will be the following rules:

1. Determine the current level with an open mind. Are you employed but want to open a business? You will need to take into account what you have: skills, connections, availability of start-up capital and premises - everything plays a role.
2. State a specific result. Starting a business with the wording “I want to become rich” is dooming it to failure. Determine the market niche, profit level, turnover.
3. Think through the steps that will lead to the designated outcome. Be logical and conduct additional analysis if you are not confident in your knowledge.

Follow these rules whether you want to impress investors or are putting together a project for yourself. Constantly ask the question: “Why should a business succeed?” The key to success can be a successful product, the qualifications of the team, the influence of partners, etc. Having found the answer, use the advantage to the maximum, and the result will meet your expectations.

Business plan structure: main sections

Are you wondering how to create business plans for a small business yourself? Adhere to a clear structure, which will allow both you and your partners to navigate the document.

Title page design

The name of the project is written on the title page , indicate the volume of investment and the expected payback period. It is appropriate to provide information about the organization: address, contact numbers, full name of the owner.

Writing a resume: briefly about the main thing

The resume is the first section of interest to potential investors. To ensure that your acquaintance with the project does not end there, outline the essence of the idea. Focus on goals and objectives, list the necessary resources and methods for implementing projects. Be sure to highlight why the offer is unique.

Finally, let's get down to the numbers:

• investments necessary for opening;
• project launch date;
• planned and actual terms of refund.

Finally, state your expected profit. There is no need to use lengthy stories about the benefits of the enterprise: it is enough to make a competent calculation.

Defining goals and objectives: be concise

The “Goals and Objectives” section defines the position you plan to occupy. Mention the technological processes necessary to achieve the result, but do not go into detail - you will provide information in the appendices. The main task is to tell why the offer wins against the competition. But avoid unsubstantiated statements, because every word must be supported by facts.

Do you want to emphasize the originality of the idea? List patents and copyright documents. Indicate ways for further development so that investors see the long-term benefits of cooperation.

Conducting market analysis, identifying the desired segment

By conducting a market analysis, you will determine the availability of niches. It is necessary to consider the internal state of the selected industry and the influence of external factors (for example, a difficult economic situation, shortage of personnel). Consider the risk of facing competition and tell us what advantages your product has.

To make your plan more effective, identify a market segment. You will need to create a buyer profile, taking into account the following:

• age;
• social status;
• needs;
• reasons why a client will contact you.

Having determined the portrait of a potential buyer and his needs, evaluate the capabilities of the enterprise. Particular attention should be paid to this part if you are planning to open a new business.

The description of a product or service is presented with an emphasis on the benefits of the consumer. Simply put, don’t tell us what a great product you have, but describe why the client needs it.

The list of characteristics and properties should include the following:

• the product's name;
• appointment;
• listing the main properties and a short story about the minor ones;
• definition of competitiveness;
• availability of copyrights or licenses (if you are yet to obtain them, mention this point);
• information on supplies, guarantees, availability of service;
• description of appearance;
• availability of certificates;
• performance characteristics;
• disposal methods.

Describing the items will make planning easier and help you understand which properties need improvement.

Marketing analysis and plan: promotion strategy

The task of marketing analysis is to develop a product image and determine a promotion strategy. Once you have outlined the circle of buyers and established the required volume of goods, think about ways to convey information to the audience.

It will be easier to formulate the needs of future buyers by answering a number of questions:

1. Describe what they are purchasing now that your product is not on the market. List popular suppliers, volume of purchases, indicate the average price.
2. The most difficult thing is to understand why a consumer prefers a certain product. When buying kitchen utensils, the client can choose a set with the largest number of components, rely on convenience, or appreciate an attractive design. You need to determine his motivation, which desk research, telephone surveys and expert interviews will help with.
3. Ask the main question: “How can I get people to buy my product?” It is possible to attract customers through advertising campaigns, participation in exhibitions, sending out flyers, and providing free samples.

The nuances of the work depend on whether the activity is aimed at a wholesale or retail consumer, whether you intend to attract legal entities or individuals, etc.

Production and organization plan

In the next section, you will list the stages of production, mentioning the availability of facilities, equipment and personnel. Describe everything in detail; if a partner is involved in the business, he must understand the costs. It is also necessary to calculate the cost of production, adjusting for variable factors.

The organizational part provides an implementation schedule and deadlines. Legislative acts regulating activities in the selected area are also listed.

Financial plan: calculate funds

The reason startups close down in 70% of cases is lack of funds. To avoid this prospect, make a financial plan. It includes the following:

• income and expense plan;
• project implementation period;
• approximate balance for the 1st year of work;
• break-even analysis.

To help investors evaluate the prospects, provide a debt repayment schedule. Focus on the rational use of funds by reducing costs. But save wisely: one of the mistakes that dooms a business to failure is underestimating upcoming expenses.

Risk Analysis: Avoid Surprises

Finally, consider the situations that threaten your business and suggest solutions to the problems. The right strategy will attract investors and make your job easier.

The structure of the business plan can be changed by adding paragraphs and annexes. If you have an idea of ​​what you are going to do, you will cope with the task.

New tool in action: SWOT analysis

Once you learn how to write a business plan, you'll take on the strategic part. It is necessary to discover external and internal factors influencing the development of the organization and describe the current situation. A SWOT analysis will help you cope with the task, meaning that you highlight 4 aspects of the project:

The versatility of the method allows you to use it in any area, whether you choose a farm or a car service. Use does not require special knowledge, just avoid common beginner mistakes:

• reassessment of strengths;
• attempts to pass off a disadvantage as an advantage;
• deliberate or accidental ignoring of disadvantages.

To get results, be honest with yourself: you can remain silent about the shortcomings when running advertising campaigns, but when drawing up a business plan, a mistake will be disastrous. First of all, look at the product or service through the eyes of the consumer, evaluate its strengths and weaknesses. Be thorough and use different sources: consult with your team, conduct testing, create several SWOT tables for relevant market segments. To give you an idea of ​​how to conduct analytics step by step, look at the example:

Business plan for an atelier

The option of opening an atelier is suitable for beginning entrepreneurs who have skills in sewing and repairing clothes. After all, despite the abundance of stores, finished products remain standardized. Fashion trends put individuality at the forefront, so there will be no shortage of customers. You just need to think about how to attract them and convert them into regular customers.

First steps: define goals and think over the price

Even a small business will need a business plan that defines its goals. I recommend that you include the following:

• creating a profitable organization;
• generating income;
• satisfying consumer needs for sewing and repairing clothes within a particular area.

Choose individual entrepreneur as a legal form, since accounting requirements are simpler and tax fees are lower. Then determine the range of services provided, which will include:

• sewing new clothes;
• minor repairs to the old one;
• restoration.

Although tailoring remains the most expensive service, most of the profits will come from repairs. This is due to the fact that creating a new model takes on average 14 days, and you can put an old thing in order in 15-30 minutes. The cost of repairs starts from 200 rubles, which will ensure a quick payback if there are customers.

Selection of premises and equipment

Location remains a key factor, so look for space in a shopping center or on the 1st floor of a building. The option with a shopping center is more profitable due to cross-country traffic; in addition, store customers will want to have purchased clothes adjusted to their figure on the spot.

But it will be easier to equip a workshop by making repairs in an ordinary apartment. Keep in mind that placement on the upper floors is acceptable in cases where you already have an established customer base.

Ideally, the studio is located in the city center, close to sewing stores.

Choose a room with an area of ​​20 square meters. m. and more to arrange everything you need. At the initial stage you will need:

• 3 professional machines (approximately 7,000 rubles per piece);
• special iron or steam generator (RUB 11,000);
• overlock (RUB 5,000).

You can’t do without furniture to equip the work area and a comfortable waiting area for clients. You will have to buy the following:

• cutting table;
• tables for typewriters;
• chairs;
• mirrors;
• dummy;
• coat rack for employees and visitors;
• sofas and a coffee table for the waiting area.

Buy also consumables, because respectable clients will not want to bring threads, elastic bands, zippers along with the fabric. Along with the cost of furniture, you will need to allocate 24,000 rubles.

Recruitment and payment

Recruitment determines success, so look for people who love what they do. You will need 2-3 seamstresses and a cutter, who can be found through online advertisements or recruitment agencies. The average salary for a seamstress is 15,000 rubles, for a cutter - 20,000. A percentage of completed orders is also added to the rate (20-40%), which encourages them to work better.

When hiring employees, discuss the nuances of responsibility. Often, clients bring expensive materials, and if they are damaged, the seamstress or cutter must reimburse all costs.

Provided that marketing campaigns are carried out correctly, the studio pays for itself in 2 years. You just need to think through all the stages of business promotion, reducing the share of advertising in local media. If you spend money on a noticeable sign, develop branded packages, and send out a small mailing of discount coupons, you will soon acquire a regular clientele.

Business plan for a mobile car service

Since car sales do not stop even during a crisis, their maintenance will become a constant source of income. Mobile car service is in demand: you will provide services that do not require a lift and take a couple of hours. The price will include system adjustments, checking battery operation, the presence of oil and other liquids, and simple replacement of parts. With the right approach, the profitability of the enterprise is at the level of a service station.

What you need to get started

To get started, you can't do without the following:

1. Make sure you have a vehicle that can accommodate the necessary equipment. A Gazelle minibus, which you rent, will do.
2. Equipment you will need are jacks (without them you cannot replace pads or filters) and a bed on casters. Also buy a vacuum cleaner and a couple of compressors, including a suction one. The importance of having keys and other tools need not be mentioned.
3. The profit will come from the sale of consumables. You will purchase oil, candles, liquids at wholesale prices, and sell them at retail prices.

To begin with, you will perform the work yourself, expanding the staff as necessary. As your customer base increases, it’s worth hiring a dispatcher who will explain the nuances so you don’t have to take time off from your work.

How to determine your clientele

Who constitutes the clientele of such organizations? These are mainly people who drive budget cars of older models. Their cars need regular maintenance (changing oil, brake pads, checking tire pressure), but due to busy work, the owners put off visits to the service station. The result is unplanned breakdowns, making your services in demand.

To find clients, you should not post advertisements in garages. Such niches turn out to be occupied, so it is better to hire a pretty girl promoter as part of an advertising campaign. She will distribute booklets to car owners in the parking lot, and later you will attach the remaining advertisements under the windshield wipers.

How to write text for a booklet? Offer your clients to save time, not money. Bet that they won't have to go to the service station after work, but the car will still be in perfect order. By accompanying your offer with a transparent pricing policy, you will attract consumers.

“Distress services” are also popular: they are resorted to when the owner has lost the keys or cannot start the engine for no apparent reason.

How to increase profitability

To make your business pay off, purchase high-quality equipment and take care in selecting employees. After all, it’s difficult to find a craftsman: people are guided by the principle “If I haven’t found a job in construction, I’ll go to a car service center.” If you or your employee are not qualified, then taking out a loan to start a business or purchase equipment is useless.

But with the right approach, you will recoup the costs in 2-3 years, after which you will start working for a profit. You can speed up the process as follows:

• in the price list, indicate separately the cost of mileage to the point where the customer’s car is located and the price of repairs;
• to increase profitability, limit work to a certain radius (the journey to the client can take a maximum of 90 minutes);
• for long-distance trips, the cost should cover half a day's revenue.

Thanks to the growing demand for on-site service, the mobile workshop will not have a shortage of clients!

Business plan for opening a beauty salon

Even during times of crisis, women try not to skimp on beauty. For this reason, beauty salons have become a popular option for small businesses. The enterprise pays for itself in 12-24 months, although with a thoughtful approach the period can be reduced to 7 months.

How to define a sphere

Analyze the situation and determine the profile of the potential client. Avoid the vague formulation “urban women with average income aged 20-45 years”, because they include:

• students who want to get a creative hairstyle;
• mothers on maternity leave who value speed of service;
• mature women who prefer classics.

These groups require different approaches, so don't focus on the average image.

You shouldn’t spend money on opening an elite establishment. Practice shows that the number of offers in the field exceeds demand. If in a metropolis you rely on the introduction of newfangled technologies, then in medium-sized settlements the business will be doomed. It is enough to open an establishment with affordable prices and include the following items in the price list:

• hairdressing services;
• cosmetology procedures (facial skin care, eyebrow correction)
• lash maker services (eyelash extensions);
• Mani Pedi;
• sale of cosmetic products.

To implement the project, 600,000-1,500,000 rubles are required, which includes the costs of paperwork, premises equipment, personnel selection and a marketing campaign.

How to choose the location of a beauty salon

To open the salon, the following options are used:

• small detached building;
• point in a shopping center;
• room on the 1st floor.

Renting in a shopping center makes it possible to quickly acquire clients, but the cost will also be high. To reduce costs, locate the salon on the 1st floor of a multi-story building. In this case, pay attention to the busy traffic on the street, the visibility of the sign from the roadway, and the proximity of shops.

The search for premises is done taking into account the place of residence of the potential clientele: a budget establishment can also be opened in a residential area where local residents will be served. Those targeting business women will pay attention to buildings located close to business centers.

Is it worth renting a room already equipped for a salon? This will save about 240,000 rubles on repairs, and in some cases will bring in an established clientele. But analyze the reasons why the establishment is being rented: perhaps the previous owner ruined its reputation or the competition in the area was high.

What expenses are expected at the initial stage?

To open a salon you will need to purchase the following:

• mirrors;
• manicure cart;
• hairdressing chairs (hydraulic);
• washing;
• reception desk;
• cabinets and cabinets;
• sofas for the waiting area;
• coffee tables;
• manicure tables;
• chairs.

You will also need to purchase hairdressing tools and supplies. But you can save money on this item by hiring experienced employees. They prefer to work with their own tools and purchase materials themselves. The presence of experience and skills among the staff will have a positive impact on the development of the enterprise, so hire workers whose qualifications are confirmed by diplomas and certificates.

The staff will include a senior administrator (salary 20,000 rubles), his assistant (salary 15,000 rubles) and 6 hairdressers working in shifts (salary 17,000 rubles). Add the following to your payroll costs:

• rental of premises (RUB 75,000);
• payment of taxes;
• expenses for a marketing campaign (RUB 20,000);
• utility bills, garbage removal (RUB 11,000).

You can reduce costs by thinking through a marketing campaign. Look for inexpensive ways to convey information about the salon, create a group on social networks, hold competitions. If you add affordable services to competent promotion, the establishment will pay for itself in 7 months.

Business plan for a flower shop

Among the highly profitable areas, floristry stands out: markup on goods reaches 100% on regular days and 150% on holidays. The advantages of this option include the fact that you do not need a large amount of professional equipment. The most significant expense is usually the purchase of refrigerated display cases, which allow you to keep flowers fresh.

Choosing a location for a flower salon

The location of the store depends on its type:

1. The florist pavilion is intended for middle-class buyers. They are offered about 20 types of flowers and various packaging; bouquets that are not particularly complex are put together in a hurry. Since traffic becomes a determining factor, look for places at markets or public transport stops. If the latter do not have a pavilion, you can rent the space and purchase an inexpensive prefabricated structure. Investments in this case are minimal.
2. Flower shops are also located near a bus stop or market. They are distinguished by a large assortment and the presence of additional products. Handmade pots are also offered to buyers. , different types of soil, care products. In addition to cut plants, there are also live ones on sale. If you choose this format of work, you will need 1,300,000 rubles to start.
3. A florist salon for respectable clients implies an abundance of exotic goods. Such establishments are located in the city center, on the ground floor of a building or in shopping centers. To offer premium services, you need to invest RUB 5,000,000.

Pay attention to the availability of parking, because its proximity increases sales by 20%.

Purchase of equipment for the salon

The necessary equipment is divided into 2 groups: for the direct work of the seller and for storing inventory. To set up a retail space you will need the following:

• counter-stand;
• laptop and printer;
• stationery;
• stapler;
• wrapping paper;
• elements for decorating bouquets.

To store goods, refrigerated cooler display cases are needed. You should not save on them, since damage to flowers is the main risk of the florist business. Less demanding varieties are stored in flowerpots (their number depends on sales volume), and you place potted plants and fertilizers on shelves. For lighting, purchase fluorescent lamps, and install an air conditioner to maintain the desired microclimate.

The biggest expense will be the refrigeration chamber, since the cost reaches 100,000 rubles.

But the main success factor will be a sufficient assortment. It will include the following:

• cut flowers;
• decorative elements (fern leaves, climbing plants);
• seeds;
• fertilizers;
• Greeting Cards;
• Stuffed Toys.

Also, invest in a catchy sign and exterior store decoration. Ideally, you should make lighting that will attract customers at any time. The total cost of equipment will be about 185,000 rubles.

Recruitment and marketing campaign

Customers often base their choice of store on online reviews, so the quality of service must be excellent. For this reason, you will need professional florists who work at a minimum wage but with a high percentage of sales. If necessary, hire a courier to deliver orders: online trading brings a significant share of profit. Accounting can be outsourced.

In addition to quality service, a marketing campaign is needed to attract regular customers. Introduce a system of cumulative discounts, make gifts for large purchases (“Every 7th rose is free”). Be sure to issue bonus cards: you will add clients to your database and send them out before birthdays and holidays.

If you still have questions, watch the how-to video. The owner of a florist salon shares his secrets and offers you a working business plan:

Business plan for opening an anti-cafe

Anti-cafes are also gaining popularity - establishments for social interaction, creative meetings, and holding master classes. Their difference from ordinary cafes is that a complex menu is not implied. Visitors are limited to tea or coffee, light desserts and cookies; a fee is charged for the duration of your stay in the anti-cafe. Drinking alcohol and smoking in such establishments is prohibited.

How to find your niche

To open, you will need 450,000 rubles, and payback can be achieved in 6 months. The result is easily achievable: an anti-cafe turns out to be profitable provided that more than 1 million people live in the city. But with proper advertising, it will bring profit even in a small locality, if there is no competition in it. Having a university will also be a plus, since most of the clientele are young and creative people from the middle class.

Due to the specific nature of visitors, unusual ideas become a key success factor. Implement the following ideas:

• Give visitors alarm clocks to help them keep track of the time;
• hold events: theme evenings or chamber concerts;
• offer signature drinks and treats;
• provide high-speed Internet.

If the rules are followed, the clientele will be young people who want to spend time with friends, and people who use the anti-cafe as a platform for business meetings. Since these groups require different approaches, develop 2 ranges of services within the business plan:

• during the daytime, when business meetings are held, visitors will need a projector, printer, free Internet;
• in the evenings, those gathered will appreciate the assortment of books and board games, as well as the opportunity to watch films or sports competitions.

Proper organization of leisure time for visitors will allow you to earn 12,000 rubles. per day (for an anti-cafe with 55 seats) in just 3 months. work.

How to locate and arrange premises

When searching for a suitable premises, consider the following criteria:

• visibility from the roadway;
• liveliness of the street and area;
• presence of universities nearby;
• lack of nearby cinemas, cafes, business centers.

The area is from 120 sq. m., which will allow you to distinguish several zones:

1. A common hall with 30 seats is used for events. During the daytime, it can host business trainings or master classes.
2. A coworking space is a collective office. The room should be isolated from the common room, since it is designed for people who want to work in silence, organize a Skype conference, or hold a business meeting.
3. Game rooms are equipped with tables, consoles, and televisions. They are intended for small companies.

The business plan must include expenses for renting premises. It will cost 100,000 rubles, and the same amount will need to be allocated for repairs. You will be able to save on finishing work if you find a room in good condition. In this case, the atmosphere is created with the help of furniture and decor.

To set up, you will need to purchase the following:

The advantages of this option include the fact that you will do without numerous staff: a project manager, a cleaner and 2 hall managers are enough.

How to Run a Marketing Campaign

Since anti-cafe customers actively use the Internet, advertising on social networks “VKontakte”, Facebook, Instagram is necessary to attract them. Post posts, photos from events, make notifications about promotions and discounts; for the initial stage, hire a professional SMM manager.

When planning promotions, take into account the pronounced seasonality of the area. If there are enough visitors in winter and autumn, then in summer pay special attention to discounts and an interesting program. To increase attendance, distribute flyers to nearby hostels, fitness clubs and educational institutions; You can also agree on mutual advertising.

Experts claim that with a work schedule of 12.00-0.00 on weekdays and 12.00-02.00 on Friday and Saturday, the monthly revenue of the anti-cafe will be 360,000 rubles. It is only necessary to foresee the risks (low attendance in the summer, the possibility of competition, filling the hall with clients with opposing interests), and there will be no unpleasant surprises in the work.

Main mistakes when drawing up business plans

Have you decided not to contact an expert, but to write a business plan yourself? Although the specialist has extensive experience, you have the advantage of understanding the intricacies of your plan. All that remains is to avoid common mistakes, with tips from Forbes:

1. If you want to attract investors, your business plan should be free of grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors. Although potential investors or partners are not asking about your knowledge of the Russian language, they want to get an idea of ​​your competence. When you write with errors, they doubt your education.
2. Entrepreneurs often draw up business plans only when they plan to attract investors. But even those who manage on their own need to systematize ideas and facts. Don't view drawing up a business plan as a formality: you will impartially evaluate ideas, identify potential risks and think through ways to prevent them.
3. Don't get carried away with featureism. Planners talk about product features, performance, and warranties, missing the key point: why should the consumer even care? Finding the answer will ensure your success. An example would be the policy of the Dollar Shave Club company: management claims that they want to protect the consumer from being robbed by competitors. After all, they force you to buy expensive replacement cartridges for razors! But Dollar Shave Club sends a new set every month. Of course, its cost is included in the initial price of shaving equipment. A consumer might as well buy cartridges in a store, but Dollar Shave Club does not offer a product, but a concept, an idea.

Take these subtleties into account, and mistakes will be avoided. After all, the business plan must convince immediately: investors will not take numerous repeated requests seriously. They feel like you're spinning numbers and manipulating facts, so impress them the first time you meet them.

Download 50 business plans for free

To make your job easier, I want to provide 50 ready-made business plans. Although any sample will need to be adjusted to suit your situation, you will have a basis for the project.

Conclusion

Drawing up a step-by-step business plan will not only convince investors, but also bring the idea to perfection. Large companies begin by preparing this document: the owners understand that assessing opportunities and risks will save them from losses in the future. But when opening a small business, entrepreneurs act at their own peril and risk. This is due to the lack of culture in the business sector, due to which the basics of planning are not considered an essential component. But for those who do not want to study the nuances of closing an individual entrepreneur in the foreseeable future, writing a business plan will become an indispensable condition.

Business plan for small businesses: 4 main sections of the document + 2 specific examples of business plans.

Small business business plan– a document that is the basis of any business.

It performs several important functions:

• helps to structure information;
• allows you to see gaps in planning and identify risks;
• serves as a presentation for banks or potential investors;
• becomes a step-by-step instruction for the entrepreneur.

Do you have a desire to create your own business, but are unable to plan and formalize your idea properly?

In the article you will see an overview of the main sections of a standard business plan for a small business. Use the structure below as a template.

For a better understanding of the material, below are 2 ready-made business plans for implementing various ideas for small businesses.

Don’t put off implementing your idea until the mythical “later”: in 90% of cases, the “right moment” never comes.

Grab a piece of paper and a pen and start sketching out your plan right now.

What is a small business?

Small business is one of the types of entrepreneurship.

This format provides that the number of employees will not exceed 100 people, and annual revenue will not exceed 800 million rubles.

For a beginning entrepreneur without a serious material (financial) base and experience, opening a small business is the only opportunity to “get on his feet.”

A feature of this format is quick payback + comparative simplicity in implementing the organizational plan.

The implementation of any idea requires the creation of a clear plan with accurate calculations.

A business plan is a “guide” for an entrepreneur, in which it is necessary to describe each stage of the process of turning your idea into reality.

Business plan structure for small businesses

So, it is important to follow generally accepted standards when drafting this document.

The point is not at all that there are strict legislative standards for, without compliance with which it will be considered invalid.

But why reinvent the wheel when you can take years of experience from others in the small business industry and come up with a general form for the document?

Section 1: Small Business Summary

The business plan summary is a brief but informative description of the products being manufactured + the timing of the small business project and a determination of its financial feasibility.

The main purpose of a resume is to demonstrate the concept of a product (service).

• Ceiling height from 3 meters + special moisture-resistant coating.
• The floor is concrete or covered with moisture-resistant durable tiles. If conditions are not as specified, rubber sheets must be used (especially in the storage area).
• They ensure constant air circulation, since fermentation processes are accompanied by the release of harmful substances.
• Electrical wiring must support three phases - 380 V.
• The sewer system is provided with sufficiently voluminous outlet channels to drain large amounts of liquid.
• Water supply is required. If funds and location of the brewery allow, you can supply the production with water from your own well.

List of necessary equipment for a private brewery

Staff

Start-up investment

Monthly investment

Payback period

With a stable production of 100 liters of beer per day, you can expect to earn 200,000 rubles per month (80,000 net profit per month).

Payback will be from 19 months.

Only the entrepreneur who puts his whole soul into beer production will be able to achieve high quality products.

The profitability of the enterprise directly depends on the quality of the products sold, since the cost of beer is quite high + this drink is very popular in Russia.

For a novice entrepreneur who wants to open his own business, beer production is one of the current options.

To achieve top positions in the market, you will have to go a long way, because there is no activity that would generate income without any effort.

Business plan for a small business: “On-site car service”

It’s hard not to pay attention to the ever-growing number of cars on Russian roads.

If you doubt the profitability and feasibility of opening a project, evaluate the following fact: the number of cars is growing along with the average age of transport.

Just pay attention to the percentage of cars that are more than 7 years old!

Vehicle fleet of the Russian Federation (“Age breakdown of the vehicle fleet”):

In this state of affairs, a situation where a car breaks down on the road is not uncommon.

In this case, qualified assistance from a car mechanic is required.

Where there is a need among people, there is an opportunity for an entrepreneur to benefit.

The goal of such a small business, the idea of ​​which is discussed in our business plan, is to provide repair services not in a specific service station, but “on the road.”

The work pattern is as follows: the secretary receives a client’s call and transmits information about the type of breakdown to the mechanics. They, in turn, go to the scene of the incident.

The cost of services in the field is significantly higher.

This factor affects the profitability of the enterprise.

Premises for mobile car service

To open such a car service you will need 2 premises:

1. Office (approximately 30 sq. m.).
2. Garage (50 sq. m.) for storing tools and car repairs in emergency situations, as well as accommodating the company’s personal fleet.

Standard office space requirements:

• electricity;
• stable water supply;
• telecommunications;
• office furniture;
• ventilation system;
• fire safety at the proper level;
• stable heating.

Garage requirements:

• electricity: 3 phase 380 V;
• water supply;
• concrete floor (or tiled flooring);
• ventilation system;
• stable heating;
• high level of fire safety;
• heating;
• wide entrance gates.

Renting two premises will cost approximately 75,000 rubles. monthly.

Equipment for mobile car service

Equipment	Qty	Cost per piece (rub.)	total amount
Total:	26		RUB 1,278,200
Jack (2.5 t.)	2	1 500	3 000
Jack (8 t.)	2	4 500	9 000
Compressor (tire inflation)	2	7 000	14 000
Compressor (oil suction)	2	5 000	10 000
Set of wrenches (reverse, open-end, socket, ring)	2	12 000	24 000
Flashlight (lamp power 100 Watt)	2	300	600
Flashlight (power 300 Watt)	2	500	1 000
Impact wrench	2	5 000	10 000
Oil can	4	150	600
Car vacuum cleaner	2	2 000	4 000
A set of high-quality cleaning products for the car	2	1 000	2 000
Passenger car for mechanic's visit	2	600 000	1 200 000

Staff

Initial investment in the project

Attachment article	Amount (rub.)
Total:	RUB 1,463,200
Register an enterprise	10 000
Renting premises	75 000
Employees	80 000
Marketing	20 000
Equipment	1 278 200

Monthly investment

Depending on the services provided, this type of small business can bring 150,000-300,000 rubles. per month.

Net profit - about 75,000 rubles. per month.

The payback period for the enterprise will be from 19 months.

There is one significant caveat: if you can find mechanics who have personal vehicles, you can refuse to buy cars.

In this case, the payback period will be reduced to 6 months.

Once again about why a business plan is needed to organize a small business, in the video:

The main thing in entrepreneurship is the desire to think and develop.

Are you ready to strive to become a successful person today?

Or will you wait for the mythical “tomorrow”?

Create your own small business business plan and start taking action.

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The starting point of a business is always an idea, an initial impulse and a desire to engage in income-generating activities. The question of which direction to choose, which business will go better, is best decided before opening your own individual entrepreneur, LLC or other legal status of the company.

Entrepreneurial people are not inclined to develop strategies on paper; those who are familiar with drawing up a proper business plan can be counted on one hand. But in vain, because it is this financial and economic instrument that helps to calculate possible errors in advance, before the start of active work.

Most people ignore the importance of developing an action plan, considering it unnecessary. However, we have to face situations when the owner of his own business is forced to prepare a business plan. An emergency “plan” is drawn up with ephemeral numbers that are far from reality, but attractive to investors or, for example, to the credit department of a bank.

An entrepreneur who decides to present his miracle project in this way will face, at best, a simple refusal, and at worst, a damaged reputation. Don't underestimate the potential of a real, well-thought-out business plan. In fact, it is needed not for investors, but for the entrepreneur himself, so as not to burn out in the very first months from the start of the business.

2. The procedure for developing a business plan for a small enterprise

If you put together all the goals for which this tool is created, then the basis of the plan is strategic planning. Yes, it is desirable, even mandatory when opening a business. On the other hand, planning in economics is a key point and the key to success.

Therefore, not only newcomers, but also companies that have been working for more than one year develop business plans. For what? To stay afloat. As a rule, in large, reputable companies, an entire department is involved in planning. Having ready-made figures for the company’s work over the past years, it is much easier to analyze and make plans than for pioneers.

So, let's try to explain where to start and how to finish. Let's agree that the business plan is used as a concept for doing business. This means that the following key points need to be worked out:

• - why the business is being created;
• – what is the result of expectations;
• – managerial potential;
• – flexibility of the model;
• – exposure to external factors;
• - financial stability;
• – competitiveness.

3. How to correctly draw up a business plan for a small enterprise

A company's business plan contains goals and plans for which time frames are established. There is no need to rush here, so as not to draw castles in the air. The tasks should be realistically achievable and at the same time a little ambitious.

It is important for potential investors to see the potential of the business and the results of the company’s activities if it has been operating for several years.

The more goals are achieved, the higher the reputation.

It is unnecessary to give specific dates of events in the plan, because you will have to attach schedules and a set of goals to them. Being behind the calendar will cause a negative impression.

For internal use, you can draw up more detailed schedules, and in the business plan you can simply highlight important stages.

Leave dates only where they can be accurately calculated.

Avoiding describing the main stages of business development altogether is not the best option. The reviewer will criticize the dummy plan; in the case of drawing up a development project solely as a personal reference book, the stage-by-stage implementation of goals will more clearly demonstrate the fidelity of the adopted strategy or reveal its shortcomings.

4. Example of a small business business plan

Below is a sample development plan for a small business in the service sector.

Paragraph 1.

The summary is an introductory paragraph; it is dedicated to those whom the company wishes to interest in order to receive additional funds for development.

It is recommended to write a summary after completing work on the entire plan. Why? Because in fact it sets out a summary of the intentions described in detail in each paragraph. The main role of a resume is to interest and encourage further reading.

Example.

This business plan presents a company for servicing office equipment “Epson Service Center”, hereinafter referred to as SC, with the aim of attracting investments in the amount of 1 million rubles, which will increase the list of services offered and expand the customer base.

SC is a developing company created by an individual entrepreneur, who is currently the sole and legal owner. Address for contacts: city, street, telephone.

Since the beginning of the business (2008), the entrepreneur regularly underwent training at Authorized Service Centers in Moscow and Novosibirsk.

For the repair of Epson office equipment, there are certificates confirming the level of qualifications, signed by the management of the Japanese company.

Previous work experience allows us to repair printers, scanners, faxes, monitors, plotters, copiers from leading manufacturers of office equipment.

A survey of market potential allows us to draw conclusions about the possibility of expanding the boundaries of activity.

There are no highly qualified specialists in city N; the nearest Epson service center is located 25 km from the city.

In addition, budgetary organizations and credit organizations do not have the opportunity to apply for equipment maintenance to a neighboring city, since it is located in another subject of the Russian Federation.

These organizations are forced to send equipment for maintenance to city A, located 450 km from city N... etc.

Point 2.

If you skip the “resume” item, open the business plan with the “goals and objectives of creating a business” item.

A consistent description of goals is given, where the main task is the benefit of your vigorous activity. It is clear that the owner expects profit; the consumer, on the contrary, is not ready to give away his savings just like that - he wants to see the benefit, the benefit for himself.

Usually, the main points are described here, if they were not previously indicated in the first paragraph, such as the legal form of the business, the availability of own funds, funds, human resources, marketing mix, and assessment of competitors.

Point 3.

Description of the proposed works and services.

The paragraph answers the questions:

• – what your company offers to consumers;
• – description of the list of services (product names);
• – target audience who is able to become interested in these services, works, goods;
• – why the range of services will arouse interest among a certain category of people;
• – why the target audience might be interested in a similar offer from other companies, etc.

Point 4.

Detailed marketing plan.

A marketing plan serves as a tool that determines where to sell. What is to be sold, where, how, why there; how to interest, how to sell, where to look for your consumer.

Market analysis based on marketing research in order to determine the demand for a business product, the ability of potential clients to pay for services, work, goods, and the price range of interests.

Point 5.

Market segment competition analysis.

It is necessary to assess the capabilities of rivals as fully as possible, identify obvious and hidden competitors, and consider options for protecting against the capture of the entire sales market.

Point 6.

Financial plan.

Companies planning to engage in the production of goods supplement the business plan with a “production plan” clause.

1. The financial plan reflects all likely expenses, for example:

• – business registration (in person or through a specialized company);
• – organization of the workplace (purchase of furniture, equipment),
• – rent of premises and equipment;
• – advertising company (ads, signboards, business cards);
• - employee training;
• – taxes;
• – purchase of consumables.

2. All income is taken into account.
It is advisable to be a real optimist: draw up a price list and calculate the amount of possible income.
3. Based on income and expenses, the profitability of the company and the payback period are calculated.
4. Calculation of economic risks.
5. Determination of sources of financing.

Point 7.

Development concept.

Business development plan: where it begins, vision of the business in the future.

5. Download business plans for small businesses for free

Planning and developing an economic concept is titanic work for the common man. There are plans designed for many small business models that are freely available. Any Internet user can download the finished plan. What audience are business plans intended for?

– your company has been firmly on its feet for a long time, nothing overshadows confidence in the future, there is no time to draw up plans, but investors, founders, and credit companies require a business plan;
– you are taking your first steps in the chosen market segment; understanding the nuances is long and difficult.

6. Conclusion

Entrepreneurship, even if it is small, requires knowledge of the basics of economics and tax legislation. The market mechanism operates according to a long-established supply-demand system. You can rely on luck, supernatural instinct, chance. Business loves a pragmatic approach and clear planning.

While enjoying the first profit, the main thing is not to miss the moment when the current costs of increasing the sales market begin to cover the income. An activity plan is created precisely to avoid fatal mistakes that lead to bankruptcy and the collapse of business. Calculate the risks with ready-made business plans, make a reliable investment that guarantees income.

Watch video: “The most successful small business in the world”

Do you want to open a business, but don't know where to start? Then you cannot do without a clear and thoroughly thought-out plan of action. In this section, you will find a proven and simple business plan that will help you create a successful business and weather economic storms.

Business areas

Investment size

Since ancient times, parrots have been rare and wild birds for our cold country. Now, when it’s already 2019, these cheerful birds live in almost every home. But is it possible to make money on them in this case? If you follow certain rules, then it’s fine. And with the right amount of luck, you can earn pretty good money from breeding budgies.

Most men in the world cannot live without fishing. Accordingly, fish farming is the same hunting, but on a larger scale. A project with large volumes of products, put on a commercial basis. Along the way, this type of activity contributes to the creation of new jobs in regions with high unemployment.

By starting a small trucking business, you can reap the benefits without the huge overhead costs that larger companies have. Opening your own small freight company requires compliance with all government business requirements, obtaining licenses and permits from the Russian Ministry of Transport, and developing effective connections to achieve success.

From 2,900,000 rub.

Chocolate is a product popular among both children and adults. A novice entrepreneur, having made sure that there is an abundance of this tasty product in the markets, may decide that all the niches are occupied, and there are no prospects in this production area. Let's figure out together whether it is possible to start a chocolate business yourself, how profitable such a business will be, and what options exist for promoting products.

Fishermen are increasingly using worms for bait. Among them, earthen and California varieties are especially popular. In large locations there are stores where they purchase animals, but if there are no such outlets, then the owner raises the pets himself. They are used as bait to catch river inhabitants or they open a private business selling larvae. How to breed worms at home for fishing - we’ll talk about everything later.

If the idea of ​​trying yourself in a real business is ripe, then breeding dairy or beef cattle as a business is the best option. And the number of heads is not decisive for a beginning farmer. You need to feed, care for and treat both one or two cows and a herd of ten heads. And having tried yourself as the owner of a mini-farm, in the future you can move on to implementing larger projects.

Rabbit farming is a great business, especially if you do it on a large scale. The initial costs of starting a business are low, as rabbits reproduce quickly and quickly grow to marketable size. However, this business requires daily care and proper feeding of each individual.

From 650,000 rub.

Paving slabs have long established themselves as a universal road surface. Now it is simply impossible to imagine its absence in the areas adjacent to shopping centers, offices, hotels, hospitals and private properties.

At all times, a good education was valued and was never skimped on. Currently, in public schools the level of education is rapidly falling and not a trace remains of the vaunted “Soviet” school. Add to this work in 2-3 shifts, overcrowded classes, the caring attitude of teachers and you will get a picture of a modern municipal school.

From 200,000 rub.

With the proper approach and proper organization of the business, breeding and raising ducks at home will bring the owner a stable profit. “Duck” business is suitable for both experienced entrepreneurs and beginners. Poultry is easy to care for and maintain, and rarely gets sick. Knowing certain subtleties, a novice businessman is able to turn such an activity into a main or additional source of income.

From 2,140,000 rub.

Each of the readers has eaten pasta at least once in their life. But have you thought about starting to make money from their production? We will tell you about the features of making pasta and how profitable such an enterprise is in our article.

Solarium is one of the most profitable businesses associated with the beauty industry. Despite warnings about UV exposure, the tanning salon industry continues to grow and evolve. Some entrepreneurs open such a business under the leadership of a franchise, others want to realize their own creative ideas and dreams of creating a solarium.

From 2,800,000 rub.

Every person uses household chemicals every day. Demand for it does not depend on the time of year or the state of the economy. Therefore, the likelihood that the funds invested in the business will not pay off is minimal. With the right approach, a household chemicals store will regularly make a profit. In order for a business to develop successfully, an entrepreneur needs to take into account many organizational issues.

In many regions, the composition of drinking water, due to the climate, soil composition and technogenic factors, is often oversaturated with salts and microelements. Excessive consumption of fluorine, iron, particles of limestone deposits, chlorine, nitrites, cadmium and others negatively affects the condition of the body.

From 300,000 rub.

The chinchilla is a small herbivorous rodent with thick and soft fur. It is not difficult to have such an animal as a pet. It is unpretentious in food and maintenance, and its life expectancy in captivity is on average 10-12 years. Exotic rodents can bring their owner not only positive emotions, but also a good income.

From 160,000 rub.

Selling hot corn is a good business, which, with great effort and a competent approach to creating and placing a point, will bring considerable profit. Previously, it was sold in carts that were transported along the beaches and offered in resort towns. Now cobs and grains are very popular. Selling delicacies will bring even greater profits if you grow a tasty vegetable yourself.

From 100,000 rub.

How can you make money if you live in your own country house? There are many possible answers, but I like one of them better because it is in demand. We will talk about growing flower seedlings for sale. You can also grow vegetable seedlings only if you have more than one small greenhouse. In this article we will try to figure out how to properly grow seedlings for sale, as well as calculate the costs and income from this type of activity, provided that we use our own greenhouse with a total area of ​​60 m2.

From 500,000 rub.

Sooner or later, at least once in their life, every person thinks about creating and developing their own business. We invite you to consider an option such as the production of napkins and toilet paper. They are present in every apartment and are used up quite quickly, which is why they are sold in large quantities. The production and sale of napkins is one of the promising areas of business; this product can be sold to a huge number of companies and stores.

Post a business plan

A business plan is first and foremost necessary for the entrepreneur himself. Calculations allow you to find out the amount of required starting capital and payback time. Detailed calculations put everything in its place and make it possible to abandon a hopeless project, for example with a payback of ten years or more, even before investing funds.

Planning the activities of an enterprise provides an opportunity to take into account all possible risks and prevent them, to develop a plan “B” in advance. Without a thoughtful and detailed business plan, you will not be able to attract investment either from a bank or from private investors.

Should I buy a ready-made business project or do it myself?

If you are looking for a business plan for a small business, you definitely need to do it yourself. In the process of calculations and planning, an entrepreneur will be able to delve deeper into the essence of the business being opened and avoid many mistakes.

To correctly draw up a real business plan for a company, you need to have deep knowledge of tax and labor legislation, accounting and financial accounting, management and, of course, become familiar with the market segment in which you plan to operate.

If you are just taking your first steps in entrepreneurship and do not have a specialized education or practical business planning skills, use our database. It presents examples of business plans for small businesses that have been successfully implemented and proven their worth. All projects are systematized, all you have to do is select a ready-made example and, based on a ready-made template with the formulas already given, make your calculations.

As for opening a large industrial company, the opening of which involves billions of dollars in investment, it is better to entrust the development of a business plan for production to a team of specialists. The larger the project, the more subtleties there are. Well, the examples presented will help you initially assess the approximate size of the investment and the prospects of the project.

Our database contains detailed business plans with calculations for:

Opening of stores of various types, enterprises for wholesale trade;

Enterprises producing construction materials;

Agricultural and food processing enterprises;

Enterprises in the service sector: cafes, restaurants, beauty salons, etc.;

Amusement parks;

Vending (installation of vending machines: coffee, toys, photo machines, etc.);

Mini-productions, etc.;

Online stores;

Opening a shop with hand-made goods, etc.;

Social projects, etc.

Note! Our website provides typical examples of business plans with calculations and is intended for your reference. The market, like prices, is in flux. Therefore, the figures given can only be used as a basis. Before starting the project, you need to calculate everything in detail based on the given algorithm.

How to use business ideas from our database: algorithm of actions

We study in detail an example of a business plan. We evaluate the volume of investment and payback period - if these parameters are not suitable, we look for another direction. If the decision is positive, we move on to the next point;

We analyze the local market (where we will operate). The ideal option is to combine ready-made data from industry experts (can be found on the Internet, newspapers, television business channels) and independently evaluate the activities of competing enterprises;

Marketing research: analysis of competitors’ activities, current prices for similar services, calculation of market capacity, average monthly and average annual revenue, taking into account seasonal fluctuations;

Cost estimation: we are looking for suppliers of equipment and raw materials;

Determination of the legal form and tax regime, calculation of tax deductions, salaries to employees.

After all the research and calculations, we must get the main figures - the size of the investment, profitability and payback period.

Typical mistakes of a novice businessman when drawing up a business plan

When calculating a business project, novice businessmen most often make a number of typical mistakes:

When determining investments, the cost of purchasing raw materials for only one month is taken into account, while it usually takes three to six months to achieve self-sufficiency;

When calculating salaries, the actual number of personnel is underestimated, and sick leave and tax deductions for each employee are not taken into account;

The costs of utilities are not taken into account or are underestimated: payment for electricity, water and gas supplies.