Timing of working hours - observation of a working person during a planned time and a certain operation with recording on a special form.

Working time measurements are carried out by trained specialists: for manual measurement - a standardizer using a chronometer device; with automatic – built-in programs.

Timekeeping is carried out by solving specific goals: whether the employee’s wages are calculated correctly; for further calculation of the price of services; identifying the deadline for placing an emergency order.

What is working time tracking?

Accurate measurement of working time makes it possible to determine the time required to complete the work and to draw up a schedule for distributing tasks to a specific person until his full workload. Using working time tracking, you can measure the employment of not only labor, but also equipment and computers.

Timekeeping is a continuous action, that is, continuous observation. To determine the reason that prevents you from achieving a certain result, timing will become your efficiency tool.

You can carry out individual timing of working hours on yourself. Example, you have a goal, motivation, you are limited in time, perform actions to achieve your goal.

Timing of working time is an increase in personal productivity, the effectiveness of a person who consciously performs work without wasting time. At the same time, great labor success and career growth are achieved.

Managers of various projects constantly use working time tracking in their work. Freelancers and outsourcers work on an hourly basis and according to the same system.

Example of working hours

Let's consider, as an example, the work of a copywriter on the article “Time Management” for the rubric Personal growth, received work from a regular customer.

1. Selection of articles in a search engine by keywords; - 30 minutes.
2. Time to read the article; - 20 minutes.
3. Time to write a new article; -2 hour 25 minutes.
4. Editing, dividing the article into subheadings; -15 minutes
5. Uniqueness check; - 5 minutes.
6. Editing the article, if required; -15 minutes.
7. Transferring the article to the customer.

Adds up the time spent writing an article:
30 min. +20 min. + 2h.35 min. +15 min.+ 5 min. + 15 min = 4 hours.

Clean work time equals 4 hours. During this period, the copywriter took technical breaks: 2 times for 15 minutes, which are required when working on a computer. The final preparatory time was spent - 15 minutes: wiping the desktop, computer screen, turning it on and off, plus moments not taken into account. Let's say everything took 1 hour. In total, we spent 5 hours, and could have spent more time if we didn’t limit ourselves in time.

How to make a working time clock

• We select an employee with “average” labor productivity. We warn him about the ongoing timing of working hours: day, time. Do not forget about the employee’s internal state, his psychological data. As a rule, novices and experienced workers are not subject to timekeeping.
• We outline a list of operations that are subject to measurement. Examples: time to prepare an accountant's quarterly report; drawing up a commercial proposal.
• We determine the time of timing, the number of repetitions - measurements. Example: number of emails sent to clients per hour, per 4 hours.
• Registration of timekeeping on special forms. Typically, such forms are signed by the employee performing the work, the standard setter, the manager and are stored in the archives of the company or enterprise.

Timing of working hours must be done periodically: to encourage best workers; improved performance indicators; stimulating employees to work; to reduce inflated standards during rationing

How to keep track of working hours

There are rules and requirements that must be met when timing working hours:

1. The observer must choose a place with a large view of the performer, without interfering with him in the process of work.
2. Eliminate all conversations with him, as well as conversations with strangers;
3. The frequency of timing is carried out in compliance with the terms of the “collective” agreement of the enterprise or company, notifying management about the time of the event.
4. Comply with safety requirements when timing working hours.
5. Warn the employee in a timely manner about the timekeeping.
6. The observer must be qualified: possess timing methods, and not push the performer while working.
7. The completed working time recording form should not have any corrections.

How to keep track of working hours example

Currently, most companies, organizations, and their employees carry out work activities at the computer. Using special programs, it is possible to monitor the work of subordinates.

1. The recording accuracy of the Yaware.TimeTracker service is up to 1 minute for one week, around the clock. Works in the background, without interfering with the employee’s main work. The employee's working time is kept track of.
2. Using the OfficeMETRICS program, employees are identified who hang out on forums and social networks during working hours.
3. A biometric system called BioTime has high speed, takes into account working hours and access control.
4. The Timesheet program has a user-friendly interface, no training required. The timesheet is filled out in a few minutes. It is stored on the computer for a long time.

Timing of working time is the identification of a reserve of personal time, due to which labor productivity can be increased.

Timing is a way of studying time expenditure by measuring and recording the duration of activities to be performed. Timing allows you to conduct an “inventory” and “audit” of time.

Timing of working hours consists of describing the work system, especially production technology, method and working conditions, as well as determining the relative quantity, influence parameters, degree of effectiveness and actual time for individual stages of the work process. The actual time is then estimated to determine the required time for certain process steps.

Scheme 1. Standard program timing

Along with other methods of studying the workflow ( working time photo), timing is very dependent on both the type of work tasks being studied and the purpose of the study. So, for example, if the planned time determined based on the results of timing should be used in the wage system (to determine wages), then the requirements for timing will differ from the case when time data is determined for the purpose of calculating the level of utilization of means of production. It is also important to consider the frequency of use of the obtained data (single or multiple times).

Other options for timing working hours depend on the following conditions:

• timing determines time relative to a person;
• the time determined as a result of timing must be used for control, incl. control and determination of wages;
• Timing must be planned in such a way that it is possible to use its results to calculate the planned time.

The result of the observation is recorded. For this purpose, the person responsible for data collection usually has at his disposal a time measuring device, as well as timekeeping sheets.

The following are important: Timing protocol, i.e. The data entered on the timing sheet must be reproducible. The accompanying circumstances under which the measured time values ​​were obtained should also be taken into account as parameters for the influence of time values. If the person responsible for recording data is tasked with recording work hours, then he must be able to use these data to construct a new work system that delivers comparable results to those recorded in the observed work system. If this condition is met, then we can say that the timing represents an illustration of the observed working system, that is, it is reproducible.

These requirements are important primarily for answering the questions:

1. what conditions of the work system should be taken into account and how detailed the process steps should be described, as well as
2. what time values ​​should be measured for each stage of the process.

When determining the purpose of use, along with the repeatedly mentioned capabilities (planning, management, control, payroll determination), it should first of all be determined whether the timing system will be evaluated in order to determine the values ​​of the planned time or not. In addition, in many cases, the timing of working time makes sense only if the process under study is organized in such a way that in the future it occurs under the same method of production, the same method of work and under the same working conditions.

Practical experience of Russian and global companies in the use of timekeeping can be found in Almanac "Production Management"

When carrying out timekeeping, various regulations must be observed, for example, the relevant persons must be informed. Next, before carrying out it is necessary to decide on the method of measuring time and the instruments used for measuring time, timekeeping sheets. These issues can be resolved in advance at the enterprise. At this stage, the preparation of the timing sheet begins, and its front side is filled out. In serial work, the reverse side describes the individual process steps for which the time values ​​must ultimately be determined.

Rules and requirements for timing

When timing working hours, there are a number of basic rules and requirements:

1. The observer must be skilled enough to be able to separate and describe the process. He must also master timing techniques and, if necessary, be able to assess the degree of effectiveness.
2. The observer should be positioned in such a way as to have the least possible impact on the observed worker and interfere with him as little as possible; on the other hand, he must be able good review the entire work process.
3. To ensure continuity of timekeeping, discussions with those being monitored and with third parties should be avoided whenever possible.
4. Conditions must be followed collective agreement, and, if necessary, the company’s regulations regarding informing management and other production services about the timing.
5. Timing cannot be carried out without the knowledge of the employee being observed. Therefore, workers who will be observed must be made aware of the purpose of the study before they begin.
6. The time sheet is a document; therefore there should be no corrections in it; recordings must be made using a technique that does not allow corrections.
7. Compliance with safety requirements must be ensured.

Each step of the measurement process begins initial and ends final event. The final event of the measured stage is, at the same time, the initial event of the next one. The starting event of each process stage is specified by the beginning of the first process element (for example, stage: secure the part; starting event: take the part). The end event of a process step is defined by the end of the last process element (for example, releasing a fixed part). The timing point is always the final action of a process step; it is characterized by a process element. The exception to this rule is the start of the timing, which coincides with the initial action of the first stage of the process.

If previously the timing results were read and entered into the appropriate sheets manually, today, as a rule, electronic time measuring devices are used for the same purposes.

Distinguish the following types similar devices:

• time measuring devices that measure the time of the studied stages of the process directly during observation;
• image storage devices that record the process as a movie, allowing it to be later processed and timed.

Regardless of the type, devices must meet the following criteria:

1. Good design ergonomics: size, weight, body, interface.
2. The device should help the observer concentrate on the implementation of his main task - observing processes.
3. The device must provide a certain level of measurement accuracy: turning it on and off should not affect the accuracy.

To ensure the operation of electronic time measuring instruments, the following technical requirements must be met:

1. The device must be capable of operating in hundredths of minutes mode.
2. The storage capacity and power supply of the device must allow continuous measurements for at least one shift.
3. The device must have a low-energy warning function. In the event of an interruption in the operation of the device due to lack of energy, the data already received should not be lost.
4. The device must allow installation and use in workplaces with " harmful conditions labor" (dust, humidity, oily surface, electric and magnetic fields, high and low temperatures, etc.).

The capabilities of the device must correspond to production costs and supply costs. It is also advisable to have functions for conducting multi-instant observations and, if necessary, analysis using systems of specified time values.

Currently, electronic time measurement systems are most widespread. Measurement, recording and evaluation of time data is carried out using electronic systems, which makes it possible:

• clear ordering of time and performance data by process stages,
• independent storage and preparation of this data during the assessment process and at its completion,
• quick intermediate assessment (statistical confidence region) and graphical presentation of the most important results already during the measurement process,
• quick and error-free assessment of the received data according to predetermined criteria,
• subsequent support in the development of the planned time system.

Also, many systems provide support for distributed time timing systems for group work, and support for multi-moment observations.

The timing technique involves identifying the following conditions: General requirements to timing techniques; determination of the measuring point; measurement method; instruments for measuring time; determining the order of the production process; working with the timekeeping form.

Requirements for the technique of measuring working time

The general requirements for time measurement techniques are as follows:

• The observer must be qualified;
• The observer's position should provide visibility without interfering with the worker;
• Avoid discussions with the employee;
• Comply with the regulations established at the enterprise;
• Inform the employee about the purpose of the study;
• Prepare timekeeping forms without corrections;
• Compliance with safety precautions on the part of the observer;

Time measuring point is always the final action of the process step being measured; it is characterized by some element of the process, for example, releasing your hand from a part, pressing a switch button, etc.

The variety of instruments for measuring time is presented in Diagram 2. If previously the timing results were read and entered into the appropriate form manually, today electronic instruments for measuring time are used for the same purposes.

Diagram 2. Instruments for measuring time

There are 2 ways of measuring time: by progressive time or by unit time. Progressive time (F) is the time from the beginning of timing to the final event of a particular stage of the process. With a single measurement, a new time count starts at each measuring point and thus each process step is measured separately.

The structure and recording of data in timekeeping forms depends on priority measurable process stages, which are divided into:

1) Processes without cyclical repetition stages; these processes are typical for single production usually in a self-employed environment. The division of the process, description of its stages, determination of measurement points and taking into account the relative quantities and parameters of influence are carried out during timing.

2) Processes with cyclic sequence stages; After a unit of product has passed through all stages (cycle), the same process is repeated for the next unit. The separation and determination of measurement moments of measurement is carried out before timing.

3) sequential order process; measurements of single time values ​​are carried out first for all units of products at one stage of the process, only after that the next stage is performed.

4) rotating order process when the specified sequences of stages are combined. This may occur regularly after a certain number of cycles (for example, every 5 cycles), or it may occur irregularly.

The types of process sequences and the corresponding REFA timing forms are presented in the table in Diagram 3.

Scheme 3.Use of timing forms for various process sequences.

	Sequence of process	Application	Form timing
	Process without cyclical repetition of steps
	A process that repeats the sequence of steps	Serial production, individual labor
	A process in which individual series of steps are repeated irregularly by one worker	Unit production, individual labor
	A process with an equal and varied series of steps involving several people or means of production	Work in groups, multi-place work

Timing example. Timing of time measurements was carried out for 10 cycles of the “Completely mount part” workflow. Progressive actual time data is entered in the lineF , calculated data of a single time - in a linet i , data on the degree of effectiveness - in a lineL (degree of effectiveness). Required stage timet determined by the formula

, where HM is a unit of time equal to one hundredth of a minute; 100 HM= 1min.

Time management is a very convenient tool that allows you to evaluate the performance of both individual employees and entire departments. This helpful information can also be beneficial if staff reduction is necessary.

To identify the most productive workers, you should evaluate how they manage their time. There are several for this effective methods, one of which is the timing of working hours. This employee certification tool, which occurs according to a certain algorithm.

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What is working time tracking?

A similar method is necessary in order to carefully study How exactly does an employee spend his time at the enterprise?.

Using timekeeping, you can determine in percentage terms how many hours or minutes are spent on rest, how many are spent on productive work, and how many are required to prepare the work process.

But in order to conduct a correct assessment, it is necessary to track all the employee’s actions during a certain period. Most often this is one working day, but it is not always possible to see an accurate picture of what is happening in such a short time.

That's why certification can last for several days. Next, average indicators are given, on the basis of which conclusions are drawn.

With the help of timekeeping, you can not only identify labor efficiency, but also create more favorable conditions for a certain position.

If it turns out that the employee’s workload is too heavy, he may be given assistants. In general, timing data is in a good way to optimize the working system.

It's special convenient for large enterprises and continuous production with repeating workflow elements.

If you carry out such certification periodically, you can reduce the risk of poor company performance. But to do this, it is necessary to draw up a timeline at the first hint of a problem. The employer has the right to independently initiate such checks.

Timing is not mandatory, but if there is a production need employees cannot refuse to undergo such certification.

This procedure is carried out by a special commission, which includes, that is, observers, as well as HR specialists and non-core employees by order of superiors. Moreover, the employee has the right to independently conduct timekeeping. This can be both a plus and a minus for him.

On the one hand, in this way you can prove that a person recycles. But if you independently record work processes and enter all the information into the document, additional time will be spent. This will lead to the study will be biased. Therefore, most often, independent timing is replaced with regular timing.

This process can happen in several ways. It can be continuous, that is, continue throughout working hours, or selective, measuring time spent only on certain operations.

Timing can also be cyclical. Here, the time spent is measured only on cyclically repeating operations. When preparing reporting documents, and can be used. This is called phototiming.

Goals and functions

The main purpose for which such certification is carried out is determining the performance of an employee or department. Moreover, correctly carried out timing allows you to optimize production and the number of personnel for a certain position.

If it turns out that people are spending too much time on a particular process, causing productivity to suffer, new positions must be opened. On the other hand, if it is discovered that some employees are wasting too much time, the staff can either be optimized.

Monitoring the efficiency of work at an enterprise is one of the main functions of time management, including such a tool as timekeeping. Therefore this The method is widely used in enterprises with large staff.

Rules and requirements

This procedure has its own characteristics. Therefore, when an employer or employee initiates timekeeping, they must prepare Required documents so that everything complies with the rules.

In addition, there are other requirements for this type of certification. They relate, among other things, to the ability of inspectors to view the place of work of the person being monitored. There should be no barriers to this. Nevertheless, employees have no right to contact observers.

One of the important requirements for timing is that employees must be notified in advance of the upcoming inspection. To initiate certification, the employer must comply with the provisions of labor legislation.

In the process of collecting data and compiling timekeeping documents, all safety rules at the enterprise must be observed.

If observers have not previously encountered work in a particular department where the presence of dangerous equipment, before starting the inspection they must.

Also responsible persons are required to know exactly how work time recording documents are filled out. If the finished chronocard sheet contains errors and blots, the paper will be considered invalid.

Main stages

In order to carry out the process of certifying an employee’s working time efficiently, it is necessary to follow a certain algorithm. In total, timing is divided into three main stages:

1. Preparatory when the necessary documentation is prepared, employees are notified and briefings are conducted for observers;
2. Directly verification stage;
3. conclusions, which are made based on data from the chronocard. Most often, this procedure is carried out by the head of the enterprise or high-ranking managers.

The process itself is carried out according to a certain scheme. To begin with, inspectors must familiarize yourself with the work standards. This will make it possible to more clearly identify deviations from the established parameters. Most often, the enterprise already has specific working standards.

If the department is new, timekeeping can be used to determine them. To do this, observation is carried out on the best and most advanced employees of the company. Their indicators should become working standards for all company employees working in a certain area.

The procedure for measuring working time involves recording in a document each work process on which an employee spends time. Here the beginning and end of the period of execution of a separate operation or group of works is recorded.

The observer's task will be to record in the table all data regarding not only work, but also rest of the employee. There should be a special column where the number of breaks and their duration are noted.

Ultimately, it will be possible to determine exactly how much time was spent on work duties, how much on rest and on preparation for work. labor process. Prepared papers are submitted to senior management for review, which will draw final conclusions.

Example

Certification can be carried out not only for ordinary employees, but also for any department head, if the chief director needs it. For example, he may initiate a review of the chief accountant’s working hours.

For this purpose, a paper is drawn up, which must indicate the name of the enterprise, the position and full name of the employee, his work experience and length of service. Next, the document specifies the date of the timing.

After filling out the top part of the document, you can move on to the central part, which is conveniently made in the form of a table. Will be entered here information about the beginning and end of measurements with the obligatory name of the operation. The employee’s free time is also recorded, for example, for personal needs.

The unit of measurement must be minute. The additional time spent can be displayed as a percentage, which will be more convenient for perception.

As an example, we can take the table of the chief accountant’s working hours:

• Timing of the working day of the chief accountant of LLC "Company" Ivanova Maria Ivanovna;
• Work experience at the company for 10 years.

Date of measurement	Timing object	Duration
		Hour	Minute	Interest
August 19, 2018	Working with a computer and 1C program	3	20	41,7%
	Writing emails	0	40	8,3%
	Telephone conversations	1	00	12,5%
	Participation in meetings	1	00	12,5%
	Waiting for program and system updates	0	15	3,1%
	Preparation of the workplace and completion of work	0	10	2%
	Work breaks (including an hour for a legal lunch)	1	35	19,8%

• The check starts at 9:00;
• Completion of inspection 17:00.

Based on this table, it becomes clear that the chief accountant’s workload is quite normal. Working time is sufficient to complete the main work, while the employee does not have to overwork and stay longer than the allotted time to complete your business.

For rest, including legal lunch from 12:00 to 13:00 Chief Accountant gets enough hours and minutes. In such a timing table, it is very convenient that data is entered here not only in time, but also in percentage terms.

Features of filling out the form

In order for the enterprise to keep track of working hours, the initiative must come from the manager or from the employee himself, which happens quite rarely. In this case, management must create an order appointing inspectors and employees who will undergo certification.

All parties must be familiar with this document, as notification of upcoming timing is a mandatory step similar procedure.

From the side of the law, there are no specific rules for creating an order. That's why the document can be issued in any form. But the main thing is that it bears the signature and seal of the manager. The order also specifies the timing of the timing and indicates the responsible persons and representatives of the commission.

After all parties involved in this process have become familiar with the document, everyone signs the paper.

An example of filling out a working time form:

Data collection and interpretation

After this, at the appointed time, you can begin collecting data. There is no special form for recording working hours. Therefore, it can be compiled at your own discretion. Often on large enterprises create your own corporate forms.

It is most convenient if the document contains table for recording all necessary data. This makes it possible to more effectively draw conclusions and qualitatively interpret the obtained figures.

Final verdict after inspection will be made by the head of the enterprise. Timekeeping can show fairly accurate information about how much time is spent on specific jobs in a particular position. This allows you to efficiently optimize your workflow.

Timing of working hours is great assistant to the head of a department or an entire enterprise. Using the data obtained, you can successfully control staffing costs and avoid unnecessary expenses.

Moreover, this method makes it possible accurately identify candidates for dismissal if it is necessary to optimize the work team, as well as create standards for the labor process, which will allow us to identify those lagging behind and encourage those at the forefront.

Find out more about using timing from the video:

Time tracking is a way to study the time spent on a particular job by measuring and recording the duration of the actions that your employees perform. This procedure is carried out in order to analyze the labor process and increase the efficiency of the company’s personnel. In order to carry it out, you need to define timing objects, as well as units of measurement.

The employer is usually primarily interested in timing the working hours of employees, since correct timing allows for an assessment and significant work to improve the efficiency of staff and revise work processes. In addition, timing can also be used to:

• assessing the load of equipment used in the labor process;
• assessing the effectiveness of certain management decisions regarding certain business processes (and subsequent determination of methods for their necessary adjustment, refinement and increase in efficiency).

How to keep track of working hours

Conducting the timing process itself is highly dependent on the purpose of the study and the work processes being examined. So, for example, if the time planned for performing a particular process, determined based on the results of timing, must be used in the remuneration system (to determine the amount of wages), then the requirements for the timing process will differ from the case when the data obtained during the timing process are determined to calculate the level of utilization of means of production.

Do not forget that in order to time work hours, it is necessary to carefully prepare, including warning the relevant persons who will be monitored about such activities. Next, before carrying out timekeeping, it is necessary to decide on the method of measuring time and the instruments used for measuring time, timekeeping sheets. All these issues should be resolved in advance - this will allow you to achieve your goals when conducting timing.

In general, there are 3 main operations in organizing the timing of working hours:

• prepare timekeeping forms. Forms may be designed for a specific position or a specific job function;
• organize the collection of data (this involves filling out the appropriate forms) regarding the employee’s time at work;
• systematize and analyze the data that was obtained during the timing process.

When carrying out such a process in a company as the timing of a working day, a number of basic rules can be determined:

• The observer of the process must understand enough about the specific activities he is observing to be able to separate and describe the process. In addition, he must master timing techniques.
• The observer must be at the enterprise in such a way as not to interfere with the labor process, not to have any impact on the observed person, but must see him clearly;
• To ensure the continuity of the process, the observer must be impartial, not enter into polemics or discussions with employees participating in the timing, and not take actions that interfere with the procedure or in any way affect its result;
• The terms of the collective agreement, and, if necessary, other regulations of the enterprise regarding informing employees and management about timekeeping must be observed;
• Timing cannot be carried out without warning the objects of observation. Therefore, workers who will be observed during timing must be warned about the ongoing process and its purpose before starting the study.
• The time sheet is a document and this should be taken into account when filling out - there should be no blots or corrections in it; If possible, recordings should be made using special equipment that does not allow corrections.
• When conducting timing, compliance with safety requirements must be ensured.

The procedure itself consists of certain stages - time periods, each of which has an initial and final event. The ending event of each time measured stage is the starting event of the next time stage. The initial event of each stage of the process is specified by the beginning of the first element of the process (for example, the stage is to turn a gear, the initial event is to take a gear). The end event of a process step is the end of the last element of the process (for example, placing a gear on a conveyor).

We have described the "classical" timing method. However, timing can also be carried out using special software (if the employee works at a computer most of the time). In addition, previously the results of observations were read and entered into forms manually. But now, for the same purposes, electronic instruments for measuring time are usually used. This allows you to make the time measurement process more accurate.

Working time timing order

There is no unified form for ordering the timing of working hours. You need to draw up an order in free form. It is advisable to reflect the following information:

1. Description of the timing period;
2. Indication of the department or individual employees who will take part in the procedure;
3. Instruction on the formation of a commission for timing (commission of the commission);
4. An indication of who will record the data and in what order;
5. Deadlines for transfer of time-lapse studies;
6. In what order will the data analysis be carried out, who and within what time frame should draw up the final report and provide conclusions about the study.

Timing of working hours helps to properly monitor and account for working time. An example of the use of these records can be found in almost every factory or enterprise where it is necessary to standardize the working day. Measuring time using timing is a way to study the time spent on performing any action. In this case, measurements imply a description technological process, working conditions, production methods.

The measurements will help you record your working hours.

Timing as a method of studying working time depends on the conditions under which it is carried out and the purposes for which it is done. For example, the requirements for timekeeping, with the help of which wages and the price of services will be calculated, differ from those that must be observed when drawing up timekeeping to determine the level of staff workload.

Correctly measuring the time spent on work helps to create the correct schedule for recording working hours, as well as bring the unused capacity of both manpower and used equipment to full load.

Who should do the standardization and measurements?

This is usually done by professional standards adjusters who are trained at enterprises. A well-trained and experienced standard setter is an indispensable employee who helps management control staff working hours, as well as correctly distribute the workload.

Where is the best place to start?

First, determine your timing goal. For example, you need it to draw up a schedule for recording the working hours of an employee whose remuneration does not depend on output, but is simply done on an hourly basis

Remember that such personnel are not interested in working faster. There is no incentive to work more efficiently, since the level of wages does not directly depend on this. Therefore, the performance of such employees will depend on the quality of the timekeeping produced.

If we talk about large enterprises, then work orders are made for the working personnel, which indicate a list of work that the employee must perform. Study it carefully, see what will be implemented. If you have no understanding about any type of work, you need to find such a workflow. Basically, every enterprise has either a technical department or a production department that deals with this. You can contact them with a request to draw up a technological map, as well as consult on the work that will be performed.

Once you have decided on the list of works and the order in which they will be performed, you need to create a description of the work processes that will be measured. Draw up the criteria that you need to focus on when taking measurements: determine the starting point of the process and the point at which the process will end, the use of working time, the cyclical nature of work, as well as other nuances.

After collecting all the necessary theoretical information, start taking measurements. You will need pre-prepared timing forms, or you can keep notes in draft form (this can be more convenient for making comments on the notes).

The standardization commission should observe

More than one person needs to record working hours - examples of such recording will not be completely objective, since an employee, without additional control, can delay the work process. It is recommended to measure time with the participation of representatives of technical management ( production department). They will monitor the correctness and sequence of work. It is also recommended to invite representatives of the management of the service whose employee’s use of working time is measured. Believe me, when he sees such a commission, he will immediately work much more productively, and he will be less tempted to try to outsmart you.

You need to be careful when taking measurements. There are works that are carried out in a cycle. And there are also those that are performed only once. In work that is done in a cycle (for example, cutting pipes), not all work can be taken into account for each such cycle. Preparing the workplace, setting up the machine and other equipment, installing cutters - after measurements, all this work will need to be evenly divided into each part that was produced.

Workflow cycles

Then you need to fill out the measurement form correctly. In order to do this, you can use the sample below for filling out the working hours. It is not difficult to compile it if you understand the basic principles of measurements. In this case, the process should be divided into periods of working time: operational, preparatory and final stages for maintenance, and it is also worth taking into account time for rest and personal needs.

Operational work time is the period of time required by the worker to complete the assigned tasks. This paragraph takes into account the period of time that would have been required for the worker if he had not left workplace, would not be distracted, and all the equipment would be in one place and already in working mode.

The time spent servicing the production process consists of the time spent on auxiliary work that is necessary to ensure that the production process does not stop. For example, replace equipment that has worn out, change a damaged drill, replace engine oil, and the like.

The preparatory and final stage includes preparatory operations, setting up instruments and other work to prepare the workplace. The sample below for filling out the working hours will help you correctly write down all the values.

After conducting a detailed analysis of the measurement records, you will find work that is not included in the workflow map. Also, they cannot be classified as listed

Anything that is not relevant to the work process must be excluded. Basically these are moments such as: conversations mobile phone, performing related work, fulfilling urgent instructions from management and other actions not related to the performance of the work being measured.

How to fill out the form correctly?

In order to display measurements grammatically, it is necessary to record working time. The form and an example of how to fill it out are given below.

Job code	Work process name	Title and serial number timing					Average value
		12.01.15	13.01.15	13.01.15	13.01.15	14.01.15
		1	2	3	4	5
		Duration, s
1	Get a task from the master	40	15	15	15	38	24,6
2	Bring a pipe from the warehouse	61	24	24	24	55	37,6
3	Prepare your workplace	65	21	21	21	74	40,4
4	Set up the machine	41	17	17	17	60	30,4
5	Prepare the machine for cutting	20	9	9	9	25	14,4
6	Cut the pipe	25	15	17	21	17	19,0
7	Put the workpieces in place	10	12	10	11	12	11,0
8	Clean the machine and remove the work area	35	10	10	10	27	18,4
9	Hand over the work to the master	40	17	17	17	30	24,2
Total	seconds	337,0	140,0	140,0	145,0	338,0	220,0

As the example of filling in the working time clock shows, the type of pipe cutting work was measured. Three measurements were taken on one day. Since they were produced in a row, the worker did not spend time on each part to receive an order from the foreman, go to the warehouse for pipes, prepare the workplace, etc. Therefore, the time spent on the first part for these types of work is divided into the remaining two measurements

It is necessary to display the average value in man-hours

After the measurements are taken, the average value is displayed. According to the data shown this sample filling out the working hours, the average duration of such work is 220 seconds. If you convert it into hours, you get 0.061 people/hour.

When drawing up a schedule working day you can use this data. For example, if you want to load an employee 100% with this work, then you can calculate how many pipes he should cut. If we take into account that the working day consists of eight hours, then:

8: 0.061 = 131.15 pcs.

It turns out that the worker must cut pipes about 131 times.

Consider all factors when performing work

This is a straightforward calculation and approach to measuring working time. But when planning for an employee, there are other factors to consider. A person simply physically cannot, like a robot, stand at a machine 8 hours a day. He will be absent for personal needs, to rest, which may distort the timing of working hours. An example is the following: when complex work At the machine you need at least 5 minutes of rest after every hour of work.

The skill of a particular employee also plays a significant role. It is necessary to take measurements from several workers in order to determine the real one. You cannot rely on the results of one “experimental” person. If we talk about mechanics, turners, repairmen, then the following pattern is often observed: the higher the rank, the faster they complete the work. The experience of the employee also plays an important role.

Other temporary losses

There are different types of lost working time. For example, a mechanic can cut records, and someone from another service will come to him and ask for some tools or help with some urgent work that cannot be postponed.

Usually such losses are difficult to describe. It is best to derive the loss coefficient and multiply it by the time standard, thereby giving employees the opportunity to take a breath while working.

For example, at enterprises that produce parts in workshops, standardizers allow 8-10% time losses when standardizing the working day and take them into account in the schedule.

Also, before filling out the final timekeeping, it is recommended to read all the footnotes in the already approved standard time standards - usually they describe the nuances that need to be taken into account and describe the specifics of standardization for specific work.