Term business plan came from the English expression business plan. A business plan is a structured document describing the stages of development of a company, its main activities, its strategies and risks. At its core business plan- this is a road map designed to lead a business to a planned goal, following the planned routes, taking into account intermediate stages, and shows the results obtained as a result.

💡 Should I write a business plan or download a ready-made one?

Often, beginning entrepreneurs when starting a business are faced with the question of downloading a business plan or writing your own? Of course, if you have sufficient experience, it is better to write your own unique business plan. True, not many entrepreneurs who are thinking about starting a business for the first time have the skill to do such activities. In this case, it is better to keep in mind that you need to write a business plan if your business:

• unique
• requires a lot of calculations
• implies non-standard stages of development
• implies non-standard risks
• there are non-standard format requirements, for example from a potential investor

In most cases, when opening a small business, it is quite possible to use a ready-made business plan from a trusted source, of course, with its modification according to your data.

💡 Where can I get a ready-made business plan?

There are a huge number of paid and free ones on the Internet. business plans. Despite the greater variety, we recommend using the business plans presented on our portal. All business plans are provided absolutely free of charge and contain detailed financial calculations and take risks into account. In addition, the portal presents a huge number of business ideas structured by areas of activity.

Successful business development directly depends on drawing up a business plan.

It’s not enough to just make a plan; you need to constantly adjust it in accordance with market changes.

This will allow your business to “stay afloat”, receiving income and conducting clear planning of budget expenditures.

Every successful individual entrepreneur (IP) knows that a well-drafted business plan is the “foundation” of any activity. Using a business plan, an individual entrepreneur can attract investors or apply for a loan from a bank.

A business plan is a full-fledged program for launching and developing a business, containing detailed information about a product, its production and distribution. The business plan reflects the planned profitability of the company, and also demonstrates the financial return on investment.

Preparing a business plan for lenders should focus on specific financial indicators. Basic rule of compilation successful business plan consists in dynamic presentation of material and brevity (no more than 15-20 sheets). Let's consider how to write a business plan yourself?

Title page

How to write a business plan? This requires a model, especially for a beginner. Any work, first of all, consists of a title page.

This is the “face” of your business. The title page “introduces” a potential investor to a business idea, so it is very important to learn how to format it correctly.

The title page should be attractive and succinctly inform the investor about the essence of the business. The required items on the title page are:

• name of the individual entrepreneur;
• contact details of the company (telephone, address, etc.);
• privacy notice;
• short name of the project;
• Full name of the head of the individual entrepreneur, his contact details;
• information about the preparation of a business plan (who compiled it, when, where);
• information about the timing of the project.

Want to know more about writing business plans? Then the next topic is for you. : purpose and structure, algorithm and examples.

Read about how to open an online store for free and quickly.

A cafe is a business that can bring big profits in the future. Here is everything about how to open a cafe, a business plan with calculations of costs and profitability.

1. Summary.
2. Project descriptions.
3. Conducting market analysis and competitor assessments.
4. Marketing strategy.
5. Production, organizational and financial plans.

A summary is brief and general information about the project. The volume of the resume should not exceed 1 printed page. The resume contains information about the field of activity and financial results companies that are expected. The summary also substantiates the goals of creating the project, its uniqueness and benefits for investors.

Product Description

When writing a description of a product, it is necessary to focus on the usefulness of the product.

You can also make a brief comparison of this product with analogues, focusing on the main differences.

The “Product Description” section should provide an opportunity for analysis further development business.

Description of the business model

The business model is a simplified version of the functioning of all systems and business processes of an individual entrepreneur. Creating a business model is one of the most important steps at the strategic planning stage of a company's activities.

A business model succinctly describes how a company creates and sells its product. Business model development is entrusted to management team IP.

Market and industry analysis

At the stage of market analysis, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the situation in detail and analyze the total volumes of potential sales for the products produced. You can also make a trial batch of goods in order to study the behavior and reaction to it on the part of customers. When analyzing the market, it is necessary to evaluate competitors.

General scheme for competently drawing up a business plan

How to compose right business plan? A competent business plan contains detailed information about the main competitors to understand the prospects for the development of the individual entrepreneur.

Strategic SWOT Analysis

SWOT analysis is carried out to determine the actual state of the company and highlight the prospects for its development in the long term.

At the SWOT analysis stage, the strengths and weaknesses of the company are studied, risk factors and market opportunities are assessed.

SWOT analysis helps IP management evaluate the following points:

• the presence of an advantage for individual entrepreneurs in the market for similar goods;
• vulnerable (“bottleneck”) places of the company;
• chances of making a profit;
• threats from the market and competitors.

Risk assessment and management

An integral part of the business plan is the risk management concept.

This section is intended to prevent the occurrence of unfavorable events in the company’s activities in order to avoid significant financial losses.

Active risk management implies their prevention at the decision-making stage. In this case, risk management is associated with marketing market research, which shows the likelihood of losses based on an assessment of demand and pricing policies of competitors.

Any investor who makes a decision to invest funds pays attention to the risk of loss of invested capital.

Sales strategy

A sales strategy is a comprehensive planning consisting of answers to the following questions:

• How (through what channels) will the product be distributed?
• What will the price of the product be?
• How to interest buyers?
• How to create an advertisement? How much money should I allocate for this?

In this section, it is necessary to analyze the market and create a clear description of the conditions under which potential buyers will become clients of the individual entrepreneur.

Organizational plan

The “Organizational plan” section, as a rule, indicates the general structure of the individual entrepreneur and the role of each of its links in the process of production and sale of goods. Except general structure enterprise, investors are interested in information about each member of management (if the company plans to raise capital).

This paragraph demonstrates general table income and expenses of the company, a forecast balance is drawn up, calculations of cost estimates (costs) of goods are carried out.

When drawing up a financial plan, it is necessary to calculate the payback period of the project with a breakdown of flows Money by month.

When working on a business plan, you should not overdo it. Consider only basic information. It is important that the investor, after reading the first two pages, already understands what is at stake. The data used in drawing up the business plan must be 100% reliable.

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I know a lot about business planning. Planned and opened 3 family businesses. I compiled 4 business plans to receive grants and one subsidy from the Employment Center. I helped several friends formulate their ideas, edited dozens of documents for clients, and studied hundreds of materials from applicants - businessmen applying for a loan.

For two years I worked at a business financing institution. Beginning and experienced entrepreneurs applied for funds, and we assessed the prospects and payback of the idea, drew up a business plan or adjusted the client’s existing calculations. Information about the applicant was presented at a meeting of the credit committee, where a collective decision was made to issue the requested amount or to refuse.

To convince all loan officers to vote “yes” for financing, it was necessary to sort out everything possible risks project and find solutions for any situation, protect the creditor’s money from all sides, provide escape options if everything goes according to a negative scenario.

The discussion of business projects at the credit committee was structured as follows:

– What if he divorces his wife, who will sell in his store, since she is now standing behind the counter herself?

– Hire a second salesperson. By the way, the wife acts as a guarantor for the loan, so she will take on half of the debt during the divorce.

– What will happen to the debt when the “off season” for sales comes?

– In the off-season, I propose to reduce the monthly payments in the schedule so that the client “pulls” this amount during the period of declining profits.

– What if his warehouse is robbed?

– The warehouse is guarded, but we still insure the inventory – this Insurance Company pays out compensation within a couple of weeks without quibbles or delays, so the client will quickly recover losses and be able to order a new batch of goods.

Become such a strict commission for your own project and go through all the weak points of the business to find a plan B and C for any development of the situation. Discuss ideas and brainstorm with friends. It is better to find possible problems and think through their solutions on paper before opening a company, than to take risks and incur unnecessary expenses later.

Quite everyday situations can turn into a disaster for micro-businesses and problems for large enterprise. Take this into account when planning so that you don’t unexpectedly go into the red later.

My experience will help you create a business plan and get financing for it. It can be used when approaching private investors, requesting a bank loan, or obtaining a grant for start-up entrepreneurs from the local government.

Using the example of my new family enterprise - a small blacksmith's workshop - I will show you how to create a business plan to attract funds from the budget.

A business plan is a document that comprehensively describes the idea, project, work and results of such work. It takes into account everything from the launch schedule and recruitment to different development scenarios and payback periods. IN full version The document lists possible risks and options for minimizing them.

What are the differences from feasibility studies?

A feasibility study is a feasibility study for launching a project. The calculations in it concern only the necessary investments, upcoming costs, expected income, and payback period. It calculates the financial benefits of planned activities. A feasibility study can be drawn up when a separate issue is being resolved, for example, about transferring accounting to .

A business plan, compared to a feasibility study, covers a wider range of issues, including promotion and marketing of the project, organizational events, risk assessment. The social component of a startup is also considered here. A business plan is a more comprehensive document; it is needed when opening a restaurant or store.

Why do you need a business plan?

A business plan shows the seriousness of the entrepreneur’s intentions and the depth of his immersion in the topic. He needs this himself in order to understand what awaits him in the process, how to avoid problems and get money.

But this document is most important when raising funds. Without a business plan, an investor, credit specialist or administration employee will not discuss the possibility of issuing borrowed or budget funds.

Let's return to our forge. My husband and I need a business plan for internal use - to understand what startup costs will be needed, how much and what will have to be purchased, what and how to register for legal work, what income is possible, what to produce and how to sell.

But another purpose of drawing up a BP is to apply for a grant. Budget funds are distributed at the district level to support start-up entrepreneurs. It is possible to receive up to 300,000 rubles free of charge by passing a competitive selection, during which a commission evaluates the business plan and its indicators. To get around and get it, you need to correctly draw up this document and competently present your project.

Internal – for making management decisions. A businessman needs such a document for himself, for his partners, for his employees.

External – to attract financing and government support, search for an investor. It is compiled for communicating with banks, applying to the district/city administration for a grant or subsidy, and negotiating with possible partners.

The tasks that different business plans solve differ. You cannot draw up one document and go with it for a loan, for budget support, and in search of a private investor.

1. Money from the budget

Objectives of the business plan when attracting budget funds:

• Demonstrate your vision of the project, convince officials distributing funds that you understand the chosen area and understand where to start. It doesn’t matter to them how and what you do during your work, the main thing is that your business stays afloat for at least 3-5 years. This is how long they track the fate of support recipients.
• Choose a priority direction of development: make and sell what the market needs, provide services that are lacking in the area, satisfy the demand of different categories of the population. This is again important for improving statistics in the area, so that the authorities can report that the consumer market is developing.
• Confirm the social significance of the project: job creation and employment of the unemployed, youth, disabled people, parents of large families - the more workers a business needs, the better. The number of new jobs is one of the criteria for evaluating the project.
• Calculate the budgetary efficiency of the business - the volume of tax and non-tax revenues, including insurance premiums for employees and, the more you plan to pay to the state, the higher the likelihood of providing a grant. Ideally, these revenues should cover the costs of providing you with a grant in a couple of years, and then cover them.

Consider all these points when drawing up a business plan in order to correctly place the emphasis.

All indicators of the business plan and forecasts will be checked after the issuance of budget funds - once a quarter, six months or a year, the commission will go to the site and request financial documentation and reporting from you, and compare the indicators with the planned ones. If you don't hire employees or start delivering products to local stores as promised, you may be forced to return the money because you failed to fulfill your contractual obligations. Therefore, on paper, do not inflate the numbers and do not embellish anything; approach planning more realistically.

2. Bank loan

If you decide to go to the bank for money, then a business plan for a loan will perform other tasks:

• Prove the understanding of the project by the entrepreneur himself, provide a calendar plan that will help draw up a debt repayment schedule.
• Calculate the amount of income and expenses taking into account mandatory payments to repay the loan.
• List the risks of loan non-repayment and suggest possible ways to minimize them - guarantee, insurance, property pledge.

The lender needs the client to reach the planned income and be able to fulfill his obligations without delays or failures, even during an emergency. In a business plan for a bank, it is necessary to focus on this. He does not care about the number of jobs created or the amount of taxes paid; what is more important is the financial stability of the borrower.

3. Investor funds

The financial component of the project is also important for the investor; he needs information about the payback period of the investment. When investing his money, he must understand how quickly he will get some results - a return of money, a part of the profit.

The business plan should immediately provide for options for distributing profits between investors, providing them with a share in the company, and the degree of involvement in the work.

4. Internal resources

A business plan “for yourself” can perform any tasks and contain a wide variety of information about a future or existing enterprise. With its help, you can prepare a report for management and shareholders with calculations and arguments in favor of expanding production, opening a new outlet, entering the market of another region, or developing a product line.

In such a document you can go into detail, describe all the nuances and take into account not only financial issues, but also organizational work, marketing policy, production issues.

There is no universal business plan; you always need to understand what and for whom it is intended and draw it up with this in mind.

• To receive a grant, the forge’s business plan must tell more about what it will provide to the area and what benefits the budget will receive from its opening.
• Thus, it is necessary to indicate that the nearest forge is located in another area of ​​the region, 200 km away, so the opening of a new enterprise will provide local residents with affordable products. And it will be suitable for household needs and satisfy the needs of all categories of the population - hardware tools, interior items, furniture.
• It should be emphasized that in the first year the entrepreneur-blacksmith himself will be employed, and in the second year it is planned to hire another employee as an assistant. This will create 2 jobs.
• It is also worth calculating in detail how many insurance premiums a self-employed entrepreneur will pay for himself and how much for an employee next year.
• The employee’s salary must necessarily exceed the average salary in the relevant industry in the region. Thus, in the Novgorod region, statistics say that workers in the production sector receive an average of 32,000 rubles. Payments to the employee in calculations must be indicated no less than this amount.
• This will need to be mentioned in brief description project - that part of the business plan that will be read and carefully studied by all members of the competition committee.
• If we went to the bank for a loan, we would focus on other details - payback, stable income, profitability, which allows us to repay the requested amount with interest.

Main sections of a business plan

Any business plan should contain a comprehensive description of the project so that important information is not missed. The main sections may have different names, be combined or divided into additional subsections, but their content must be in the document.

What sections does a business plan include?

Detailed content of sections of the business plan

What should we write about in the main points of this document in order to get a complete picture of the company’s development?

Business Description

date of creation, official registration of individual entrepreneur or legal entity.

Distribution of shares in a company between partners, co-founders, investors.

Businessman experience before that – education, experience as an employee. It is not necessary to indicate your entire work history and attach diplomas, unless this directly relates to a new project. So, when a businessman planning to open a cafe has previously worked for several years as a manager in public catering, this will be his advantage. If he graduated from a university with a specialty in the restaurant business, then this is another point in his experience. And if all his life he has been turning nuts in a car service center, trained as a veterinarian and then suddenly decided to open a bar, information about education and experience will be superfluous.

Place of registration, business area. You need to indicate not only the address, but also the overall coverage of the territory.

Project goals and objectives. Here you need to describe the scope of activity, as well as measurable results - open 1 cafe with 30 seats, sell 500 kg of baked goods daily, etc.

I’ll show you how to describe an enterprise in a business plan, using the example of a forge. In the “Project Description” section there will be the following information:

• IP registration date: May 2018.
• The entrepreneur will run the business independently, without involving partners. The employee will be hired in the spring of 2019.
• The entrepreneur spent a year doing forging in his home workshop. In the spring of 2018, I rented space for a forge on the production site, equipped it and continued working.
• At the end of 2017, I completed a three-month course in “Hand Art Forging” at the Academy of Metalworking (St. Petersburg) and received the qualification “blacksmith” (a copy of the education certificate is attached).
• The goal of the project is to open a forge in the N-rayon for the production and sale of forged products to the population.
• By 2019, it is planned to produce products worth 250,000 rubles monthly.

Market assessment. You need to estimate the market capacity, population, number potential clients. It is quite difficult to do this without full-fledged marketing research. Therefore, it is worth looking for ready-made results of such an assessment for your region. In extreme cases, you can roughly predict effective demand.

The main thing is to formulate sales goals for yourself: will you work only within the microdistrict, will you open outlets throughout the city, you will deliver products for sale throughout the area or deliver them beyond its borders.

How exactly you plan to reach your target audience, how you will choose suitable promotion channels, you will describe in detail in the section “ Marketing plan”, now indicate only the direction.

Competitors. Make a list of your competitors who are already operating in this market.

Not only direct competitors offering similar goods and services are taken into account, but also those companies that produce substitute products and provide alternative services. If there is no specialized tea boutique in your city, this does not mean that the market is clear of competitors: you will have to compete for customers with those department stores and supermarkets that also sell different types of tea.

• There are no other blacksmiths engaged in artistic forging in the territory of the regional center itself or neighboring areas. The nearest company selling similar products self made is located at a distance of 250 km (in the regional center).
• Factory-produced hardware and entrenching tools - pokers, staples, machetes, axes, accessories - are offered in 6 hardware stores in the district, but consumers complain about their low quality, and monitoring of goods has shown that such goods do not last long. Hand-forged products are more durable, and a local blacksmith can compete with factory suppliers, guaranteeing not only high quality, but also sharpening of the tool, its repair, and manufacturing to the required dimensions to order. Forged decorative interior elements and household products - door handles, hooks for gates and hinges for gates, hangers and hooks for clothes - are rarely found in stores; mainly plastic products are sold. Forged garden furniture - benches, gazebos, lanterns, tables - are not sold in the area.
• These products are in steady demand among the local population. Handmade artistic forging products are bought not only by rural residents for their village homes, but also by summer residents, owners of tourist centers and country cafes.
• The forge will supply goods to the market of the N district, enter into contracts with stores for the supply of products for sale, and participate in craft fairs in St. Petersburg and Moscow.

Production plan

Business processes. Write a list of equipment, tools, raw materials and supplies that are required to create the selected range of goods and provide services. Calculate the optimal production volumes that your equipment can handle. Indicate which employees and with what workload you will need.

Products. List the products, services and work that you will offer to clients. Calculations of the costs of organizing business processes will allow you to find out the cost and draw up a price list.

Starting investments. Calculate how much money you will need to start the project. Add up the cost of all assets, fixed assets, repairs, materials and other costs that will be required to begin production.

For example, this section might look like this:

• To operate a forge, it is necessary to equip the room with ventilation, a forge, an anvil with a hammer, a vice, a table for cutting metal, a paint booth for processing finished products heat-resistant paint, anti-rust and other coatings. All this has already been done by the entrepreneur himself.
• The following equipment and tools will increase work efficiency and productivity: grinder for sharpening blades (40,000 rubles), grinder for cutting metal (5,000 rubles), grinder for processing forged products (10,000 rubles), automatic welding machine (20,000 rubles .), mechanical hammer (from RUB 150,000). The total cost of equipping the forge is 225,000 rubles.
• In the manufacture of products, metal is used - profiles, sheet iron, fittings, wire. Raw materials are purchased in small wholesale from a metal warehouse in a neighboring area, delivery is carried out by the supplier’s transport. The cost of a batch of raw materials including delivery is 10,000 rubles. There may be 2-4 batches per month, taking into account the load and volume of work.
• Forging requires coal and gas in cylinders. A combined forge allows you to process metal by heating it with coal or gas. The average monthly consumption of these types of fuel is 1,500 rubles and 2,000 rubles, respectively.
• Supply and exhaust ventilation, electric. Used to maintain desired temperature in the furnace and removing combustion products from the room. Electricity consumption is accounted for by a separate meter in the forge and reaches the amount of 2,500 rubles per month.
• During the first 9-10 months, the blacksmith will work alone, then it will be necessary to hire a worker as an assistant.
• The forge is located on the territory of a carpentry shop, so there will be no problems with the manufacture of mixed products - from wood with forged elements.
• List of products: benches, tables, bar stools, flower stands, fireplace sets (poker, scoop, stand for them), floor and wall hangers, coat hooks, latches and hinges for gates and gates, door and cabinet handles, lamps , coasters for the kitchen for hot or cutting boards, sickles, machetes, staples, knives.
• The forge is already working, but not at full capacity. Grant funds are needed to purchase additional equipment. Replenishment of current assets and payment of current expenses will be made at your own expense.

Organizational plan

Organizational and legal form. Is an individual entrepreneur or LLC, or some other form of organization suitable for the implementation of the selected project? What is the rationale behind the choice? What taxation system has been chosen and why is it suitable?

Distribution of founder roles. If there are several partners, their role in the management and operation of the company is described. What will they do and what will they be responsible for?

Staff. What employees will be needed, who should be hired, who should be hired temporarily, what functions can be outsourced or performed independently.

Settlements with counterparties. How do you plan to receive money from clients? Do you need to open a cash register, buy an online cash register, or are there options for making payments in some other way?

Project Schedule. What needs to be done and when, which issues need to be resolved immediately, which ones - later. It is advisable to calculate the cost of each stage in order to clearly show when and in what volume financing is required.

• For a forge, a self-employed blacksmith only needs to be individual entrepreneur. This simplifies accounting and reporting. Accounting is carried out by the entrepreneur himself, using the appropriate online services provided to him by the bank.
• A current account is used for settlements with clients and suppliers, and a cash register will also be purchased, although goods can be sold at fairs without it. A special deduction will be used when purchasing a cash register.
• After hiring an employee, it will be necessary to register with extra-budgetary funds as an employer; before that, it is enough to regularly pay insurance contributions to extra-budgetary funds.
• Activities are already underway. Upon receipt of the grant, equipment will be purchased, which will increase production volumes.
• When budget funds are issued in July, everything will be purchased and installed within a month necessary equipment according to the list (by 225,000 rubles), starting in August the forge’s productivity will increase several times. Hiring an employee is planned in the spring next year- in March-April, before that the blacksmith will work independently.

This section is devoted to channels and methods of promotion, necessary actions to increase sales, and advertising costs.

Promotion channels. Advertisements in newspapers, commercials on radio and TV, online advertising, creating your own website and group on social networks, advertising in local public pages and forums, participation in exhibitions and fairs.

The target audience . Who should you target when organizing sales? Who is your client - by age, gender, occupation, income level. Where to find him and how to contact him.

Cost of promotion. How much will it cost to find and attract target audience? How often will you need to run advertising, what options should you choose?

In our example business plan, this section would look like this:

Financial indicators

It is necessary to calculate the cost of production, planned sales volumes, necessary costs, projected income and profit, project profitability. If there are many and different products, it is not necessary to provide all the calculations in the business plan; they can be included in a separate application, and all indicators can be calculated based on the average cost value. You need to show your own contribution to the project and the need for raised funds. If necessary, repay the loan - an approximate repayment schedule. When making payments to an investor, calculate his share of the profit.

Risk assessment

External factors. Emergency and natural disasters, negative impact local authorities, a new competitor, a change in the economic situation and a drop in household incomes.

Internal factors. Incorrect assessment of the sales market, delays in deliveries, problems with personnel, errors in production, problems with renting premises, industrial accidents.

Options for minimizing risks. Insurance of life, health, property, liability to third parties. The opportunity to reduce prices, change the range, switch to other products, change the circle of potential customers, expand the sales market and find new buyers outside the area, region or country. Agreements with partners and contractors, good personal relationships with the authorities, a large number of qualified workers on the market who are looking for work, etc.

Working out some of the risks for the forge will look something like this:

• At first, the income of the forge will depend entirely on the entrepreneur himself. Health problems or injuries will negatively impact work volume and profits. Industrial emergencies can be prevented by following safety precautions. Then it is planned to hire an employee who will take the increased load off the blacksmith himself.
• Fire, accidents, equipment breakdowns, natural disasters - damage from these accidents will be covered by property insurance, which will be issued for the rented premises, equipment and tools in the forge according to their market value. The forge had already passed a fire inspection, and representatives of the energy company were also present; they checked the electrical wiring, the forge hood, ventilation and fire alarms. There were comments, but all the shortcomings were immediately eliminated. The room itself with a separate entrance is located in a brick building and corresponds general requirements to production safety.
• If there are problems with rent, you can quickly move the forge to another location - there are enough suitable empty production areas in the area, the equipment is easily dismantled and can be installed in another location within 1-2 days.
• With low demand for products and small trade turnover, the sales market will be expanded, agreements have been received for the supply of products for sale in hardware stores in other areas of the region, the most popular products were selected and the assortment policy was revised. There is no need to change equipment or rebuild work - it is enough to purchase other raw materials for the production of other products, for example, forged fences, window bars, gates and wickets, entrance lobbies and canopies over the porch.
• If another competitor appears on the market, the entrepreneur will choose the most profitable niche and produce products that the new market participant will not have, or change the sales strategy and supply finished products to other markets.

Project Summary

This section contains the most important things: the essence of the project, the necessary investments, results after launch, development prospects, possible risks and ways to reduce them. The remaining sections with details will be read only if the summary of the business plan is of interest to the investor, lender, or official. So, think again about what the goal of your project is and identify the important metrics that meet that goal. Repeat what you will produce, how much income you plan to receive, what expenses will be required, how much money you will invest yourself, and how much you need to attract.

Common mistakes when writing a business plan

• Very optimistic. Insufficient market knowledge. Lack of adequate risk assessment.
• Copying other people's calculations. Using data without reference to reality and the specifics of the business.
• Without taking into account the purpose and addressee. Lack of important indicators. A lot of unnecessary information and “water”.
• Poor design, illiterate presentation of information, negligence in calculations. Confused presentation and lack of clear structure.

How to get money for a business plan

Studying the design requirements

When contacting a bank or municipal government to raise financing, ask for application guidelines. Often this is a simple and understandable list necessary documents, as well as a list of requirements for the content and design of a business plan. Sometimes a template of this document is even provided with the sections and subsections already indicated. where you just have to enter your information. There are also wishes regarding its volume, a list of questions for analyzing the project, a list of important indicators that you must calculate.

Business plan protection

In some cases, it is necessary not only to draw up this document, but also to defend it before the commission. Bank employees will decide whether to issue a loan. Officials will assess your level of knowledge in order to grade you for participation in a competitive selection for a grant. The investor will get acquainted with your plans and decide whether he needs to participate in it.

With such protection, it is enough to retell the “Project Summary” section and say the main business indicators out loud, answer the questions of the commission members in order to convince them of your readiness and ability to use the raised funds in accordance with the plan.

Download ready-made business plans

Above, we have provided you with the key points that you should rely on when drawing up a competent business plan, however, depending on where you need to submit the business plan, the requirements for its design and content change. Below you will find examples (samples) of ready-made business plans (40 pcs.), which you can download absolutely free.

Use them to create your business plan, model the most interesting and convincing places, see what numbers and calculations are used, marketing research, competitor analysis and also try to calculate your own project. Also below you will find additional supporting documents on drawing up business plans from the Industrial Development Fund, the Ministry of Investment and Innovation.

INSTRUCTIONS For ease of searching, all business plans are sorted alphabetically. Click on the desired letter and a list of ready-made projects will open in front of you.

Welcome readers of the “site”! Today we will talk in detail about what is a business plan and why is it needed? , how to draw up a business plan as clearly, competently and succinctly as possible (we will provide a sample with calculations), and also provide links so that you can download ready-made examples for free .

This material will be useful to all novice entrepreneurs and businessmen who plan to attract money from banks (investors).

About how to draw up a business plan for a small business yourself, what rules and procedures for drawing up exist, and where to download ready business plan - read further in the issue

Every entrepreneur comes across the concept of a business plan sooner or later.

Business plan(from English business plan) is a project of your business, in which the goals and objectives of its creation are clearly defined. In it, the entrepreneur must describe his actions over a specific period of time to make a profit.

Business plan structure, objectives and strategy

2. Rules for drawing up (writing) a business plan 📝

Rule 1. Study the market situation in advance

Before starting to draw up a business plan, it is necessary to analyze the situation on the market as a whole. Collect as much information as possible about the upcoming enterprise or successful implementation.

Rule 2. Create a clear business strategy and follow it

The business plan must include specific actions throughout a certain period of time.

You must write down your actions month, 3 months, 6 months, year and 3 of the year.

Rule 3. Consider both the pros and cons of the chosen business

In a business plan, you need to describe not only your strengths, but also possible losses, so to speak, weaknesses.

For example , To strengths can be attributed highly qualified specialists, market recognition, bright brand etc. Possible losses or threats include: great competition, high cost of goods or services.

3. How to write a business plan yourself - the procedure for writing and the structure of a business plan 📑

Regardless of your type of activity, the main components of a business plan will be the same.

How to write a business plan - step-by-step instructions with an example

1. Introduction

The introductory part should not be too lengthy, but it should describe the most important things:

• direction of the enterprise's activity;
• project payback period;
• specific indicators.

Your potential investor should know the time frame for returning his investment and possible losses.

2) Description of services

In this section, describe in detail the direction of your activity. Decide for yourself which market segment you will work with.

Important! Assess your competitors and your advantages over them.

Decide what you plan to focus on in your activities: low cost with high sales volumes, high service, or maybe something else.

To completethissection you need to do the following:

• Give a description and characteristics of the company's main and secondary products;
• Take photographs of goods and services;
• Create a portrait of your intended consumer;
• Research and test your target market for similar products or services;
• Organize a service;
• Provide a pricing model. Assess the competitiveness of your project on the market.

After carrying out such an analysis, you will definitely understand and be able to highlight the differences between your products in the sales market. You will also clearly formulate what you produce and who needs it.

3) Marketing plan

Marketing plan – perhaps the most important stage in the development of your business. A lot will depend on well-designed marketing. You need to identify your main competitors, understand how they are promoting their project, and do it better.

Business promotion methods can be different:

• Place advertisements on radio, in magazines, on websites. It is only important to determine which format of the advertising project is right for you;
• Be sure to work on direct sales. Starting with “cold calls” to potential customers, ending with the sale of goods and services with the help of representatives;
• Encourage your staff to achieve high results. Come up with promotions and bonuses for employees;
• Find out the most favorable season for your business;

Main, Really assess the situation, do not exaggerate your capabilities. Brainstorm regularly and come up with new routes. Read more about it here.

4) Organizational plan

Specifically write down all the steps of the activity, assign persons responsible for performing certain actions. Limit the deadline for completing the task.

5) Financial plan

When compiling financial plan it is necessary to take into account all the little things, expenses are divided into permanent and one-time ones.

• Fixed expenses – this is a monthly office, payment of rent, public utilities, Internet, telephone, etc.
• One-time costs – this is the purchase of equipment for work, For example, computers, scanners, phones, etc.

After compiling expenses, determine for yourself the minimum sales volume that will cover running costs. Everything that is sold from above will be yours profit .

After calculating this, you will determine for yourself break-even point. You could say that this is the purpose of a business plan.

6) Conclusion

The conclusion is intended to attract investors. Optimal partition volume from 2 before 4 pages, which must be indicated:

• The main vector of your company’s activity;
• Project profitability;
• Analysis of the company’s place in the sales market;
• Company personnel, responsible persons;
• Expected qualitative and quantitative indicators for each period.

The “Resume” section should provide answers to 2 main questions:

1. What results can investors expect from favorable business development?
2. What should investors expect in a worst-case scenario?

Of course, it is better to write a conclusion when the business plan has already been practically drawn up.

4. Sample business plan with calculations using the example of an anti-cafe

Let's take a closer look finished sample business plan using the example of an anti-cafe .

Business plan structure - example "Anticafe"

1) Overview section

In the table we will see everything general information about the project:

№	Titles	Descriptions
1.	Name	"Gloss"
2.	Organizational form	Individual entrepreneur
3.	Services available	Various programs; Events (trainings, seminars); Birthdays;
4.	Location of the organization and sales market	Stavropol
5.	Operating mode	From 11.00 until the last client.
6.	Establishment staff	Supervisor - 1 people Administrator – 1 people Service staff - 3 people Director - 1 people security – 1 people
7.	Required starting capital	500 000 rubles
8.	Expenses	167 000 rubles
9.	Return on investment period	10-11 months
10.	Competition	Small
11.	Organization income	216 000 rubles
12.	Organizational loss	167 000 rubles
13.	Organizational profit	49 000 rubles

2) Goods and services

An amount will be charged for the time spent in the anti-cafe 2 rub./min . For this money the cafe will provide services such as:

• Mini library, you can retire and read books;
• Lots of games for large groups (mafia, board games);
• Game console;
• Karaoke, projector, tablets;
• Various courses can be arranged For example, By English language, Spanish, psychology, makeup training;
• You can also order banquets, children's birthdays;
• There is Wi-Fi, any visitor can use it;
• Tea, coffee and various sweets.

Ideal clients: older people 17 -45 years that live active life; they have average income; without bad habits; these people like to spend time profitably; they would like to receive good knowledge and great emotions.

The client must be taken to the cafe near 22 hours per month. From this the profit per person is calculated about 3600 rubles per month.

3) Marketing strategy

In the city on this moment There is one cafe in this segment. It poses a potential threat since they already have an established customer base.

• Social networks (Instagram, telegram and others);
• SMS mailings;
• Discounts, coupons;
• Radio announcements.

Promotion strategy for a new anti-cafe:

1. Direct attraction. Search for clients or organizations that will come to us big company. Conducting children's matinees. Discounts for regular customers. Advertising in institutions.
2. Advertising on Odnoklassniki, Agent and many different networks. Reaching a group of people who are at home. Advertising in in social networks allows you to obtain a lot of information from clients and very quickly answer all questions of interest, while requiring very little financial costs.
3. Building partnerships with companies that specialize in various holidays, show programs, corporate evenings, etc.
4. Club card. This card gives you the right to spend as much time as you like in the anti-cafe. Price 4 800 rubles, validity period 1 month.
5. Radio advertising. After a month of work, a story about events in the anti-cafe.

Such a business has seasonality . The anti-cafe has the highest attendance in autumn and winter seasons. And in the summer and spring there are fewer clients ↓.

Therefore, the plan should be drawn up in such a way as to increase profit several times, so as not to go into lesion .

№	Name	Deadlines	Responsible	Results and notes
1	Study	01.01.14 – 01.02.14	Manager	We have proven all our data
2	Recruitment	01.02.14 – 01.03.14	Manager	Found employees
3	Search for premises	01.03.14 – 01.04.14	Manager	Found a room based on the criteria
4	Repair	01.04.14 – 01.05.14	Manager	Repairs made to all requirements
5	We purchase equipment	01.05.14 – 01.06.14	Manager	Delivery to your place
6	Approval of the action plan	01.06.14 – 03.06.14	Director	Agreements have been concluded
7	We are registering	01.06.14 – 03.06.14	Manager	Purchased cash machine and documents
8	Advertising	03.06.14 – 10.06.14	We are hiring a specialist	Conducted advertising on all points
9	Opening	12.06.13	Manager	Everything went great, there were a lot of competitions and gifts, there were journalists, everyone knew about us

4) Financial plan

№	Expenses	Quantity (pcs.)	Cost, rub.)	Amount (rub.)
1	Purchase of equipment	50	5 000	250 000
2	Purchase of inventory	100	1 000	100 000
3	Finishing work	1	150 000	150 000
Total:				500 000

5) Conclusions

№	Name	Quantity	Cost, rub.)	Amount (rub.)
1	Building rental (150 sq.m.)	1 month	40 000	40 000
2	Payment of wages	6 people	15 000	90 000
3	Public utilities	1 month	5 000	5 000
4	Products	700 sets	10	7 000
5	Taxes	1 month	15 000	15 000
6	Deductions for depreciation	1 month	10 000	10 000
Total:				167 000

Having analyzed all expenses for the reporting month, we can say that if the establishment’s profit is greater 167 000 rubles, that's what it will be break-even point .

Given:

Simultaneous costs = 500 000 rubles
Expense per month = 167 000 rubles

Find: Payback period -?

Solution :

Payback period = One-time costs / emergency per month

1) We find an emergency per month

Emergency per month = Income per month - Expense per month

Profit for the month = (Profit per day) * 30 days = ( 30 Human * 2 hours * 120 rubles/hour) * 30 days = 216 000 rubles
Emergency per month = 216,000 rubles - 167,000 rubles = 49,000 rubles

2) Finding the payback period

Payback period = 500,000 rubles (down payment) / 49,000 rubles (PE per month) = 10 months

*Of course, all calculations made above are approximate and may differ from region to region.

5. Ready-made business plan examples for free + template 📎

Introducing ready-made template to write your plan, into which you can easily enter your data for calculation and overview analytics.

📌

Alexey Zhumataev

Examples of business plans 2016

Good day! Today I want to write an article about examples of free business plans in 2016, these business plans are my own with calculations.

I post them completely free of charge and the number of business plans is constantly growing.

All business plans are 100% ready and are step by step instructions opening a business.

If you want to do it yourself, you can look at the instructions on how to write them and there are standard sample business plan.

let's consider ready-made business plans in which I carried out calculations and also recorded explanatory videos:

Examples of business plans with calculations

Free business plans for the service sector:

A ready-made sample business plan for those who decide to open their own gym. In addition to the business plan for the gym, there are 5 more articles detailing the process of creating your own business. They cover equipment issues for gym, choosing a premises, how to advertise correctly, calculations of income and expenses, as well as its further development.

A ready-made sample business plan for those who decide to start their own business by providing plumbing services. In addition to the business plan for plumbing services, there are articles covering this topic in detail. Advertising, required equipment and calculations of the profitability of this business.

A ready-made sample business plan for those who want to open their own service station. Free station business plan Maintenance also supplemented with extended articles on how to choose a premises, conduct an advertising campaign, select equipment, and calculate the profitability of a service station.

A ready-made sample business plan for those who want to open their own car service center. The free business plan for a car service is also supplemented with articles on how to advertise a car service, equipment for a car service, the development of this business, as well as calculations of its profitability.